Improving Wildfire Readiness Among Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Asthma: Applying a Population Health Approach to Climate Change.

As a result of climate change, wildfire frequency, duration, and severity are increasing in the United States. Exposure to wildfire-related air pollutants can lead to negative health outcomes, particularly among patients with preexisting respiratory diseases (e.g.

Shear layers and plugs in the capillary flow of wormlike micellar gels.

Wormlike micellar solutions formed by long-chained zwitterionic surfactants show gel-like rheology at room temperature and have recently been found to exhibit other complex and interesting rheological features. We study the dynamics of these wormlike micellar gels in a pipe-flow scenario using particle imaging and tracking velocimetry and report the existence of plug flows with strong wall slip and non-parabolic velocity profiles for different surfactant concentrations and imposed flow rates. We rationalize these results as features of a developing transient flow of a viscoelastic solution in space and time.

Dose-dependent effects of Dnmt3a in an inducible murine model of Kras-driven leukemia.

DNMT3A mutations are frequently found in clonal hematopoiesis and a variety of hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia. An assortment of mouse models have been engineered to explore the tumorigenic potential and malignant lineage bias due to loss of function of DNMT3A in consort with commonly comutated genes in myeloid malignancies, such as Flt3, Nras, Kras, and c-Kit. We employed several tamoxifen-inducible Cre-ER murine model systems to study the effects of constitutively active Kras-driven myeloid leukemia (Kras) development together with heterozygous (3aHet) or homozygous Dnmt3a deletion (3aKO).

The novel Plasmodium berghei protein S14 is essential for sporozoite gliding motility and infectivity.

Plasmodium sporozoites are the infective forms of the malaria parasite in the mosquito and vertebrate host. Gliding motility allows sporozoites to migrate and invade mosquito salivary glands and mammalian hosts. Motility and invasion are powered by an actin-myosin motor complex linked to the glideosome, which contains glideosome-associated proteins (GAPs), MyoA and the myosin A tail-interacting protein (MTIP).

Iatrogenically Acquired Mycobacterium abscessus Infection in an Indwelling Intercostal Drainage In Situ in a Patient With Alcoholic Liver Disease and Bilateral Hepatic Hydrothorax: A Report of a Rare Case.

A 47-year-old male, a known case of alcoholic chronic liver disease with portal hypertension, presented with complaints of abdominal distension and shortness of breath. A provisional diagnosis of ethanol-related compensated chronic liver disease (CLD) with portal hypertension and splenomegaly, gross ascites with bilateral hepatic hydrothorax was made. The left-sided pleural effusion subsided after three pleural taps, but the right-sided effusion kept refilling even after four to five days of repeated therapeutic taps, so a pigtail catheter was left in situ.

Diagnosing contact dermatitis using machine learning: A review.

Background: Machine learning (ML) offers an opportunity in contact dermatitis (CD) research, where with full clinical picture, may support diagnosis and patch test accuracy.

Objective: This review aims to summarise the existing literature on how ML can be applied to CD in its entirety.

Methods: Embase, Medline, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library were searched from inception to February 7, 2024, for primary literature reporting on ML models in CD.

Azimuthal Angle Correlations of Muons Produced via Heavy-Flavor Decays in 5.02 TeV Pb+Pb and pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

Angular correlations between heavy quarks provide a unique probe of the quark-gluon plasma created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Results are presented of a measurement of the azimuthal angle correlations between muons originating from semileptonic decays of heavy quarks produced in 5.02 TeV Pb+Pb and pp collisions at the LHC.

Dual Tragedy of Fetal and Maternal Loss: A Case of Acute Liver Failure in the Third Trimester.

The traditional criteria for diagnosing preeclampsia include a new onset of hypertension and new-onset proteinuria at 20 weeks gestation. However recent studies suggest preeclampsia and even eclampsia may develop in the absence of either proteinuria or hypertension. This paper reports a dual tragedy of maternal and fetal loss after 36 weeks in the third trimester.

Machine learning assisted classification between diabetic polyneuropathy and healthy subjects using plantar pressure and temperature data: a feasibility study.

Automated and early detection of diabetics with polyneuropathy in an ambulatory health monitoring setup may reduce the major risk factors for diabetic patients. Increased and localized plantar pressure associated with impaired pain and temperature is a combination of developing foot ulcers in subjects with polyneuropathy. Although many interesting research works have been reported in this area, most of them emphasize on signal acquisition process and plantar pressure distribution in the foot region.

Unsupervised Stain Decomposition via Inversion Regulation for Multiplex Immunohistochemistry Images.

Multiplex Immunohistochemistry (mIHC) is a cost-effective and accessible method for in situ labeling of multiple protein biomarkers in a tissue sample. By assigning a different stain to each biomarker, it allows the visualization of different types of cells within the tumor vicinity for downstream analysis. However, to detect different types of stains in a given mIHC image is a challenging problem, especially when the number of stains is high.

Clinical Profiles and Outcomes of Prosthesis-Specific Infective Endocarditis Subsequent to Transcatheter Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) is a rare but serious complication following aortic valve replacement using either a transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) or surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). This study aims to review the profiles and outcomes of PVE after surgical versus transcatheter aortic valve replacement. Electronic searches were performed on Scopus, EMBASE, and PubMed to retrieve related articles.

Facile synthesis of nanostructured Ni/NiO/N-doped graphene electrocatalysts for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction.

Electrocatalysts containing a Ni/NiO/N-doped graphene interface have been synthesised using the ligand-assisted chemical vapor deposition technique. NiO nanoparticles were used as the substrate to grow N-doped graphene by decomposing vapours of benzene and N-containing ligands. The method was demonstrated with two nitrogen-containing ligands, namely dipyrazino[2,3-:2',3'-]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile (L) and melamine (M).

Dynamics of virological and immunological markers of HIV persistence after allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation in the IciStem cohort: a prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) markedly reduces HIV reservoirs, but the mechanisms by which this occurs are only partly understood. In this study, we aimed to describe the dynamics of virological and immunological markers of HIV persistence after allo-HSCT.

Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study, we analysed the viral reservoir and serological dynamics in IciStem cohort participants with HIV who had undergone allo-HSCT and were receiving antiretroviral therapy, ten of whom had received cells from donors with the CCR5Δ32 mutation.

G-protein-coupled receptor 84 regulates acute inflammation in normal and diabetic skin wounds.

Lipids have emerged as potent regulators of immune cell function. In the skin, adipocyte lipolysis increases the local pool of free fatty acids and is essential for coordinating early macrophage inflammation following injury. Here, we investigate G-protein-coupled receptor 84 (GPR84), a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) receptor, for its potential to propagate pro-inflammatory signaling after skin injury.

Effects of Low-Level Light Therapy on Resting-State Connectivity Following Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: Secondary Analyses of a Double-blinded Placebo-controlled Study.

Background Low-level light therapy (LLLT) has been shown to modulate recovery in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the impact of LLLT on the functional connectivity of the brain when at rest has not been well studied. Purpose To use functional MRI to assess the effect of LLLT on whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in patients with moderate TBI at acute (within 1 week), subacute (2-3 weeks), and late-subacute (3 months) recovery phases.

Cardiovascular Complications With Delivery Hospitalizations in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension: A Nationwide Study From 2011 to 2020.

Background: Pregnancy in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) is associated with a heightened risk of medical complications including right heart failure, pulmonary edema, and arrhythmias. Our study investigated the association between PH and these complications during delivery.

Methods And Results: The National Inpatient Sample was used to identify delivery hospitalizations from 2011 to 2020.

Diagnosis of the Initial Stage of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Review.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. There may be more than a million instances of hepatocellular carcinoma by 2025, making it a persistent concern for global health. The most common form of hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for more than 90% of cases.

Anionic Effect on Electrical Transport Properties of Solid Co Redox Mediators.

In a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell, a fast-ion conducting (σ > 10 S cm) solid redox mediator (SRM; electrolyte) helps in fast dye regeneration and back-electron transfer inhibition. In this work, we synthesized solid Co redox mediators using a [(1 - )succinonitrile: poly(ethylene oxide)] matrix, LiX, Co(tris-2,2'-bipyridine)(bis(trifluoromethyl) sulfonylimide), and Co(tris-2,2'-bipyridine)(bis(trifluoromethyl) sulfonylimide) via the solution-cast method, and the results were compared with those of their acetonitrile-based liquid counterparts. The notation is a weight fraction (=0, 0.

Air Quality Monitoring Using Low-Cost Sensors in Urban Areas of Jodhpur, Rajasthan.

Air pollution poses a significant health hazard in urban areas across the globe, with India being one of the most affected countries. This paper presents environmental monitoring study conducted in Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India, to assess air quality in diverse urban environments. The study involved continuous indoor and outdoor air quality monitoring, focusing on particulate matter (PM) levels, bioaerosols, and associated meteorological parameters.

Coupling hydrothermal liquefaction and anaerobic digestion for waste biomass valorization: A review in context of circular economy.

In light of the substantial global production of biomass waste, effective waste management and energy recovery solutions are of paramount importance. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) and anaerobic digestion (AD) have emerged as innovative techniques for converting biomass waste into valuable resources. Their integration creates a synergistic framework that mitigates inherent limitations, leading to improved efficiency, enhanced product quality, and the comprehensive utilization of biomass.