Surgical Outcomes for Vertebral Body Hemangiomas With Compressive Symptoms: An Institutional Experience.

Background Vertebral hemangiomas (VHs) are benign vascular tumors commonly found within the vertebral bodies of the spine. While most VHs remain asymptomatic and are often discovered incidentally during imaging studies, a subset can become symptomatic, leading to clinical challenges. The optimal treatment approach for symptomatic VHs remains a topic of debate.

Pharmacological management of pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Pediatric obesity, characterized by a body mass index (BMI) at or above the 95th percentile for age, affects a substantial number of children and adolescents worldwide. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), formerly known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, represents a prominent hepatic manifestation of obesity and metabolic syndrome, emerging as the most prevalent hepatic disorder among pediatric patients and a significant contributor to liver transplantation in adults. The escalating prevalence of pediatric MASLD mirrors the alarming rise in childhood obesity rates over recent decades.

Outcomes in eyes with retained lens fragments undergoing pars plana lensectomy and scleral-fixated intraocular lens insertion.

Purpose: To report the visual outcomes and complications in eyes with retained lens fragments (RLF) following cataract surgery undergoing pars plana lensectomy (PPL) and scleral-fixated intraocular lens insertion (SFIOL).

Methods: Patients with RLF who underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), PPL, and SFIOL insertion from January 2015 to December 2022 were included. The visual acuity (VA) outcomes and complication rates were compared between those receiving sutured versus sutureless SFIOL insertion as well as those undergoing SFIOL insertion at the time of PPV and PPL versus those undergoing SFIOL insertion during a subsequent surgery.

Unraveling the Secrets of Early-Maturity and Short-Duration Bread Wheat in Unpredictable Environments.

In response to the escalating challenges posed by unpredictable environmental conditions, the pursuit of early maturation in bread wheat has emerged as a paramount research endeavor. This comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted landscape of strategies and implications surrounding the unlocking of early maturation in bread wheat varieties. Drawing upon a synthesis of cutting-edge research in genetics, physiology, and environmental science, this review elucidates the intricate mechanisms underlying early maturation and its potential ramifications for wheat cultivation in dynamic environments.

Unravelling wheat genotypic responses: insights into salinity stress tolerance in relation to oxidative stress, antioxidant mechanisms, osmolyte accumulation and grain quality parameters.

Background: Salt stress is a prominent abiotic stressor that imposes constraints on grain yield and quality across various crops, including wheat (Triticum aestivum). This study focused on assessing the genetic diversity of 20 wheat genotypes categorized as tolerant, moderately tolerant, and sensitive with three genotypes of unknown tolerance. To address salinity stress-related problems, different morpho-physiological, osmoprotectant, biochemical, yield, and grain quality-related parameters were analyzed under control (pH 8.

VITREORETINAL OUTCOMES FOLLOWING SECONDARY INTRAOCULAR LENS IMPLANTATION WITH PARS PLANA VITRECTOMY.

Background: Retrospective cohort study of 561 adult patients undergoing secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation by vitreoretinal surgeons at a single institution from April 2015 to December 2020.

Methods: Patient historical factors, intraoperative/postoperative complications, and outcomes of IOL type (anterior chamber IOL versus scleral sutured IOL versus scleral fixated IOL versus. sulcus) were assessed.

RANDOMIZED TRIAL COMPARING MICROSERRATED VERSUS CONVENTIONAL INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FORCEPS FOR INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE PEELING.

Purpose: To evaluate anatomic outcomes and surgeon response following the use of microserrated (Sharkskin, Alcon, Forth Worth, TX) internal limiting membrane (ILM) forceps compared with conventional (Grieshaber; Alcon) ILM forceps for peeling of the ILM.

Methods: Patients were prospectively assigned in a 1:1 randomized fashion to undergo ILM peeling using microserrated forceps or conventional forceps. Rates of retinal hemorrhages, deep retinal grasps, ILM regrasping, time to ILM removal, and surgeon questionnaire comparing the use of microserrated and conventional ILM forceps were analyzed.

Retinal Displacement Following Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair.

Background And Objective: This study aimed to report retinal displacement incidence following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckle (SB), or combined SB/PPV.

Patients And Methods: A single-center, case series using Optos fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images was performed after RRD repair between April 2020 and February 2022. Retinal displacement was identified by imprinted retinal vessels on FAF imaging.

Impact of foliar application of iron and zinc fertilizers on grain iron, zinc, and protein contents in bread wheat ( L.).

Introduction: Micronutrient deficiencies, particularly iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), are prevalent in a large part of the human population across the world, especially in children below 5 years of age and pregnant women in developing countries. Since wheat constitutes a significant proportion of the human diet, improving grain Fe and Zn content in wheat has become important in improving human health.

Objective: This study aimed to quantify the effect of foliar application of iron sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO.

1,3,4-Oxadiazole Scaffold in Antidiabetic Drug Discovery: An Overview.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the biggest challenges for the scientific community in the 21st century. With the increasing number of cases of diabetes and drug-resistant diabetes, there is an urgent need to develop new potent molecules capable of combating this cruel disease. Medicinal chemistry concerns the discovery, development, identification, and interpretation of the mode of action of biologically active compounds at the molecular level.

The Expanding Problem of Regional Adiposity: Revisiting a 1985 Diabetes Classic by Ohlson et al.

Body fat distribution is a predictor of metabolic health in obesity. In this Classics in Diabetes article, we revisit a 1985 Diabetes article by Swedish investigators Ohlson et al. This work was one of the first prospective population-based studies that established a relationship between abdominal adiposity and the risk for developing diabetes.

Beta-Glucan as a Soluble Dietary Fiber Source: Origins, Biosynthesis, Extraction, Purification, Structural Characteristics, Bioavailability, Biofunctional Attributes, Industrial Utilization, and Global Trade.

This paper explores the multifaceted nature of β-glucan, a notable dietary fiber (DF) with extensive applications. Beginning with an in-depth examination of its intricate polysaccharide structure, the discussion extends to diverse sources like oats, barley, mushrooms, and yeast, emphasizing their unique compositions. The absorption and metabolism of β-glucan in the human body are scrutinized, emphasizing its potential health benefits.

Effect of Aviptadil, a Novel Therapy, on Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Viral-related Severe ARDS: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Background: Dealing with life-threatening viral acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has always been challenging and with the recent COVID pandemic experience, there is still the need of newer therapies to alleviate mortality. Aviptadil, has shown significant beneficial results in covid. We share our experience with this molecule by doing a retrospective study to evaluate the effect of this drug on clinical outcomes in viral-related Ards patients.

Body composition in early pubescent children with obesity: effects following 1 year of nonintervention.

Little is known about whether body composition changes differently between children with and without obesity following 1 year of nonintervention. Therefore, we investigated body composition in early pubescent children (8-12 yr) with and without obesity before and after a period of 1 year of nonintervention. Early pubescent children (8-12 yr; Tanner stage ≤ 3) with (body mass index, BMI ≥ 95th percentile) and without obesity (15th < BMI < 85th percentile) were recruited.

Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy intervention for youth with type 1 diabetes and depressive symptoms: a pilot and feasibility study.

Depression is more common in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to youth without diabetes. This study aims to assess the efficacy of Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive Humanistic and Interpersonal Teaching (CATCH-IT), an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) intervention, in adolescents with T1D and depressive symptoms. Adolescents (13 to 17 years old) with T1D and mild (score 5-9) or moderate (score 10-14) depressive symptoms on Patient Health Questionnaire-Adolescent (PHQ-A) screening assessment were recruited to participate and received online access to the CATCH-IT modules for 6 months (requested to complete in 12 weeks).

Critical assessment of wheat biofortification for iron and zinc: a comprehensive review of conceptualization, trends, approaches, bioavailability, health impact, and policy framework.

Addressing global hidden hunger, particularly in women of childbearing age and children under five, presents a significant challenge, with a focus on iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiency. Wheat, a staple crop in the developing world, is crucial for addressing this issue through biofortification efforts. While extensive research has explored various approaches to enhance Fe and Zn content in wheat, there remains a scarcity of comprehensive data on their bioavailability and impact on human and animal health.

OCT-Based Description of Spontaneous Reattachment of Macula-Off Tractional Retinal Detachment With Significant Vision Improvement.

To describe the clinical course and optical coherence tomography (OCT) features of patients with spontaneous reattachment of macula-off tractional retinal detachments (TRDs). Findings on clinical examination and OCT were evaluated. Four eyes of 4 patients with a history of macula-off TRD secondary to diabetic retinopathy (n = 3) or sickle cell retinopathy (n = 1) were included.

Advances in RNA Interference for Plant Functional Genomics: Unveiling Traits, Mechanisms, and Future Directions.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved molecular mechanism that plays a critical role in post-transcriptional gene silencing across diverse organisms. This review delves into the role of RNAi in plant functional genomics and its applications in crop improvement, highlighting its mechanistic insights and practical implications. The review begins with the foundational discovery of RNAi's mechanism, tracing its origins from petunias to its widespread presence in various organisms.

Effect of cooking and storage temperature on resistant starch in commonly consumed Indian wheat products and its effect upon blood glucose level.

Background/objectives: The health benefits provided by resistant starch have been well documented; however, few studies are available on the resistant starch content of wheat products in India. Moreover, few studies have examined the efficacy of resistant starch in wheat products in improving glucose levels. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of cooking and storage temperature on the formation of resistant starch in Indian wheat products and its effect on blood glucose levels in humans and rats.

Incidence and Outcomes of Recurrent Retinal Detachment after Cataract Surgery in Eyes with Prior Retinal Detachment Repair.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and outcomes of recurrent retinal detachment (RD) after cataract extraction (CE).

Design: Retrospective case series.

Subjects: Phakic eyes with RD that were successfully repaired with pneumatic retinopexy (PR), scleral buckle (SB), pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), or combined PPV/SB and subsequently underwent cataract surgery.

IMPACT OF FOVEAL STATUS AND TIMING OF SURGERY ON VISUAL OUTCOME IN RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of surgical timing on visual acuity outcomes in retinal detachments based on the preoperative foveal status.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted. Cases were stratified into fovea-on, fovea-split, and fovea-off groups.

Electronic phenotypes to distinguish clinician attention to high body mass index, hypertension, lipid disorders, fatty liver and diabetes in pediatric primary care: Diagnostic accuracy of electronic phenotypes compared to masked comprehensive chart review.

Background/objectives: Electronic phenotyping is a method of using electronic-health-record (EHR) data to automate identifying a patient/population with a characteristic of interest. This study determines validity of using EHR data of children with overweight/obesity to electronically phenotype evidence of clinician 'attention' to high body mass index (BMI) and each of four distinct comorbidities.

Methods: We built five electronic phenotypes classifying 2-18-year-old children with overweight/obesity (n = 17,397) by electronic/health-record evidence of distinct attention to high body mass index, hypertension, lipid disorders, fatty liver, and prediabetes/diabetes.

Neurotrophic keratopathy following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery.

Objective: To describe clinical characteristics and visual outcomes of eyes developing neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair.

Methods: All eyes with NK at Wills Eye Hospital following RRD repair from June 1, 2011, to December 1, 2020 were included. Patients with prior ocular procedures (other than cataract surgery), herpetic keratitis, and diabetes mellitus were excluded.