Deciphering the acidophilia and acid resistance in Acetilactobacillus jinshanensis dominating baijiu fermentation through multi-omics analysis.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are pivotal in constructing the intricate bio-catalytic networks underlying traditional fermented foods such as Baijiu. However, LAB and their metabolic mechanisms are partially understood in Moutai flavor Baijiu fermentation. Here, we found that Acetilactobacillus jinshanensis became the· dominant species with relative abundance reaching 92%, where the acid accumulated rapidly and peaked at almost 30 g/kg in Moutai flavor Baijiu.

Rapid reconfiguration of cortical networks after repeated exposure to visual-vestibular conflicts.

Visual-vestibular conflicts can induce motion sickness and further postural instability. Visual-vestibular habituation is recommended to reduce the symptoms of motion sickness and improve postural stability with an altered multisensory reweighting progress. However, it is unclear how the human brain reweights multisensory information after repeated exposure to visual-vestibular conflicts.

Oxygen influences spatial heterogeneity and microbial succession dynamics during Baijiu stacking process.

The spontaneous solid-state stacking process (SSSP) of Baijiu is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective process for enriching and assembling environmental microorganisms to guarantee the subsequent fermentation efficiency. In this study, how SSSP create spatial heterogeneity of stacking piles were found through spatiotemporal sampling. The degree of difficulty in oxygen exchange categorizes the stacking pile into depleted (≤4%), transitional (4 %-17 %), and enriched (≥17 %) oxygen-defined layers.

Nonlinear dynamics of postural control system under visual-vestibular habituation balance practice: evidence from EEG, EMG and center of pressure signals.

Human postural control system is inherently complex with nonlinear interaction among multiple subsystems. Accordingly, such postural control system has the flexibility in adaptation to complex environments. Previous studies applied complexity-based methods to analyze center of pressure (COP) to explore nonlinear dynamics of postural sway under changing environments, but direct evidence from central nervous system or muscular system is limited in the existing literature.

Microclots, as defined by amyloid-fibrinogen aggregates, predict risks of disseminated intravascular coagulation and mortality.

Microclots have been associated with various conditions, including postacute sequelae of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. They have been postulated to be amyloid-fibrin(ogen) aggregates, but their role as a prognostic biomarker remains unclear. To examine their possible clinical utility, blood samples were collected for the first 96 hours from critically ill patients (n = 104) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Analysis of Amplitude Modulation of EEG Based on Holo-Hilbert Spectrum Analysis During General Anesthesia.

Objective: The study aims to investigate the relationship between amplitude modulation (AM) of EEG and anesthesia depth during general anesthesia.

Methods: In this study, Holo-Hilbert spectrum analysis (HHSA) was used to decompose the multichannel EEG signals of 15 patients to obtain the spatial distribution of AM in the brain. Subsequently, HHSA was applied to the prefrontal EEG (Fp1) obtained during general anesthesia surgery in 15 and 34 patients, and the α-θ and α-δ regions of feature (ROFs) were defined in Holo-Hilbert spectrum (HHS) and three features were derived to quantify AM in ROFs.

[The effect of visual-vestibular sensory input consistency on standing stability and electroencephalogram brain network characteristics in the elderly].

Aging is a crucial factor influencing postural stability control and contributing to frequent falls, yet its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study aims to explore the effects of aging on postural stability control by comparing differences in postural stability and node strength of electroencephalogram (EEG) brain network between elderly and young people under the conditions of congruent and incongruent visual-vestibular sensory inputs. Eighteen elderly volunteers without neuromuscular disorders and eighteen young individuals participated in the present study.

Immune dysregulation in sepsis: experiences, lessons and perspectives.

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction syndrome caused by dysregulated host responses to infection. Not only does sepsis pose a serious hazard to human health, but it also imposes a substantial economic burden on the healthcare system. The cornerstones of current treatment for sepsis remain source control, fluid resuscitation, and rapid administration of antibiotics, etc.

Damage-associated cellular markers in the clinical and pathogenic profile of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Background: Adenoviral vector-based COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is rare but carries significant risks of mortality and long-term morbidity. The underlying pathophysiology of severe disease is still not fully understood. The objectives were to explore the pathophysiological profile and examine for clinically informative biomarkers in patients with severe VITT.

Multisensory Conflict Impairs Cortico-Muscular Network Connectivity and Postural Stability: Insights from Partial Directed Coherence Analysis.

Sensory conflict impacts postural control, yet its effect on cortico-muscular interaction remains underexplored. We aimed to investigate sensory conflict's influence on the cortico-muscular network and postural stability. We used a rotating platform and virtual reality to present subjects with congruent and incongruent sensory input, recorded EEG (electroencephalogram) and EMG (electromyogram) data, and constructed a directed connectivity network.

Development of genomic phenotype and immunophenotype of acute respiratory distress syndrome using autophagy and metabolism-related genes.

Background: Distinguishing ARDS phenotypes is of great importance for its precise treatment. In the study, we attempted to ascertain its phenotypes based on metabolic and autophagy-related genes and infiltrated immune cells.

Methods: Transcription datasets of ARDS patients were obtained from Gene expression omnibus (GEO), autophagy and metabolic-related genes were from the Human Autophagy Database and the GeneCards Database, respectively.

Targeted Destruction of S100A4 Inhibits Metastasis of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells.

Most patients who die of cancer do so from its metastasis to other organs. The calcium-binding protein S100A4 can induce cell migration/invasion and metastasis in experimental animals and is overexpressed in most human metastatic cancers. Here, we report that a novel inhibitor of S100A4 can specifically block its increase in cell migration in rat (IC, 46 µM) and human (56 µM) triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells without affecting Western-blotted levels of S100A4.

Cell-free histones and the cell-based model of coagulation.

The cell-based model of coagulation remains the basis of our current understanding of clinical hemostasis and thrombosis. Its advancement on the coagulation cascade model has enabled new prohemostatic and anticoagulant treatments to be developed. In the past decade, there has been increasing evidence of the procoagulant properties of extracellular, cell-free histones (CFHs).

Non-gene-editing microbiome engineering of spontaneous food fermentation microbiota-Limitation control, design control, and integration.

Non-gene-editing microbiome engineering (NgeME) is the rational design and control of natural microbial consortia to perform desired functions. Traditional NgeME approaches use selected environmental variables to force natural microbial consortia to perform the desired functions. Spontaneous food fermentation, the oldest kind of traditional NgeME, transforms foods into various fermented products using natural microbial networks.

An integrated information theory index using multichannel EEG for evaluating various states of consciousness under anesthesia.

Background: The integrated information theory (IIT) of consciousness introduces a measure Φ to quantify consciousness in a physical system. Directly related to this, general anesthesia aims to induce reversible and safe loss of consciousness (LOC). We sought to propose an electroencephalogram (EEG)-based IIT index Φ to evaluate various states of consciousness under general anesthesia.

The Importance of Pore-Forming Toxins in Multiple Organ Injury and Dysfunction.

Background: Multiple organ injury and dysfunction often occurs in acute critical illness and adversely affects survival. However, in patients who survive, organ function usually recovers without permanent damage. It is, therefore, likely that there are reversible mechanisms, but this is poorly understood in the pathogenesis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).

Recovery of Brain Network Integration and Segregation During the Loss and Recovery of Consciousness Induced by Sevoflurane.

Anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness (LOC) has been studied using functional connectivity (FC) and functional network analysis (FNA), manifested as fragmentation of the whole-brain functional network. However, how the fragmented brain networks reversibly recover during the recovery of consciousness (ROC) remains vague. This study aims to investigate the changes in brain network structure during ROC, to better understand the network fragmentation during anesthesia, thus providing insights into consciousness monitoring.

Dynamic changes of brain networks during standing balance control under visual conflict.

Stance balance control requires a very accurate tuning and combination of visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive inputs, and conflict among these sensory systems may induce posture instability and even falls. Although there are many human mechanics and psychophysical studies for this phenomenon, the effects of sensory conflict on brain networks and its underlying neural mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we combined a rotating platform and a virtual reality (VR) headset to control the participants' physical and visual motion states, presenting them with incongruous (sensory conflict) or congruous (normal control) physical-visual stimuli.

Dynamic alpha-gamma phase-amplitude coupling signatures during sevoflurane-induced loss and recovery of consciousness.

Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) plays an important role in anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. The delta-alpha PAC signature during anesthetic-induced unconsciousness is gradually becoming known; however, the frequency dependence and spatial characteristics of PAC are still unclear. Multi-channel electroencephalography (EEG) was performed during the loss and recovery phases of consciousness in patients undergoing general anesthesia using sevoflurane.

Intrinsic phase-amplitude coupling on multiple spatial scales during the loss and recovery of consciousness.

Background: Recent studies have demonstrated that changes in brain information processing during anesthetic-induced loss of consciousness (LOC) might be influenced by phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) in electroencephalogram (EEG). However, most anesthesia research on PAC typically focuses on delta and alpha oscillations. Studies of spatial-frequency characteristics by PAC for EEG may yield additional insights into understanding the impaired information processing under anesthesia unconsciousness and provide potential improvements in anesthesia monitoring.