KDELR2 is necessary for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease airway Mucin5AC hypersecretion via an IRE1α/XBP-1s-dependent mechanism.

Airway mucus hypersecretion, a crucial pathological feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), contributes to the initiation, progression, and exacerbation of this disease. As a macromolecular mucin, the secretory behaviour of Mucin5AC (MUC5AC) is highly dependent on a series of modifying and folding processes that occur in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In this study, we focused on the ER quality control protein KDEL receptor (KDELR) and demonstrated that KDELR2 and MUC5AC were colocalized in the airway epithelium of COPD patients and COPD model rats.

Cigarette Smoke Extract Induces MUC5AC Expression Through the ROS/ IP3R/Ca Pathway in Calu-3 Cells.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by exposure to noxious external particles, air pollution, and the inhalation of cigarette smoke. Airway mucus hypersecretion particularly mucin5AC (MUC5AC), is a crucial pathological feature of COPD and is associated with its initiation and progression. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on MUC5AC expression, particularly the mechanisms by which reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce MUC5AC expression.

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Model Using CT Radiomics for Predicting Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-related Pneumonitis in Patients With NSCLC Receiving Anti-PD1 Immunotherapy: A Multicenter Retrospective CaseControl Study.

Rationale And Objectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a radiomics-based model combined with clinical and qualitative radiological (semantic feature [SF]) features to predict immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis (CIP) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with programmed cell death protein 1 inhibitors.

Materials And Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective casecontrol study conducted from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2022, at three centers. Patients with NSCLC treated with anti-PD1 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups (7:3): training (n = 95) and validation (n = 39).

Reduced miR-513a-5p expression in COPD may regulate airway mucous cell hyperplasia through TFR1-dependent signaling.

Airway mucous cell metaplasia and mucous hypersecretion is one of the key characteristic pathophysiological status of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). micro(mi)RNAs are acknowledged as non-encoding RNA molecules playing important roles in gene expression regulation. In this study, we searched the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for the differentially expressed miRNAs between COPD and non-COPD controls with bioinformatics analysis.

The Degradation of Airway Epithelial Tight Junctions in Asthma Under High Airway Pressure Is Probably Mediated by Piezo-1.

Full functioning of the airway physical barrier depends on cellular integrity, which is coordinated by a series of tight junction (TJ) proteins. Due to airway spasm, edema, and mucus obstruction, positive end-expiratory alveolar pressure (also termed auto-PEEP) is a common pathophysiological phenomenon, especially in acute asthma attack. However, the influence of auto-PEEP on small airway epithelial TJs is currently unclear.

Effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors on disease severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis.

To investigate the effects of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors on the prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A meta-analysis was performed. We systematically searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, the Web of Science, EMBASE, medRxiv, and bioRxiv database through October 30, 2020.

Climate predicts which sex acts as helpers among cooperatively breeding bird species.

Among avian cooperative breeders, help in raising offspring is usually provided by males or by both sexes. Sex bias in helping should evolve in response to sex-specific ecological constraints on independent reproduction, with mate shortage for males and breeding vacancy shortage for each sex. Given that male-biased adult sex ratios are prevalent among birds, we predict that male-only helping mainly occurs in temperate species where fast population turnovers deriving from low adult annual survival allow all adult females to hold breeding vacancies, whereas some males overflow as helpers, and both-sex helping in tropical species where saturated habitats prevent not only males, but also females from breeding themselves.