Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs are important therapeutics for type 2 diabetes and obesity. Ecnoglutide (XW003) is a novel, long-acting GLP-1 analog. We conducted a Phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study enrolling 145 adults with T2DM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE J Biomed Health Inform
October 2023
Accurate segmentation of the hepatic vein can improve the precision of liver disease diagnosis and treatment. Since the hepatic venous system is a small target and sparsely distributed, with various and diverse morphology, data labeling is difficult. Therefore, automatic hepatic vein segmentation is extremely challenging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE J Biomed Health Inform
September 2023
Intracerebral hemorrhage is the subtype of stroke with the highest mortality rate, especially when it also causes secondary intraventricular hemorrhage. The optimal surgical option for intracerebral hemorrhage remains one of the most controversial areas of neurosurgery. We aim to develop a deep learning model for the automatic segmentation of intraparenchymal and intraventricular hemorrhage for clinical catheter puncture path planning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeep learning-based methods have become the dominant methodology in medical image processing with the advancement of deep learning in natural image classification, detection, and segmentation. Deep learning-based approaches have proven to be quite effective in single lesion recognition and segmentation. Multiple-lesion recognition is more difficult than single-lesion recognition due to the little variation between lesions or the too wide range of lesions involved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe tumor image segmentation is an important basis for doctors to diagnose and formulate treatment planning. PET-CT is an extremely important technology for recognizing the systemic situation of diseases due to the complementary advantages of their respective modal information. However, current PET-CT tumor segmentation methods generally focus on the fusion of PET and CT features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHepatic vein segmentation is a fundamental task for liver diagnosis and surgical navigation planning. Unlike other organs, the liver is the only organ with two sets of venous systems. Meanwhile, the segmentation target distribution in the hepatic vein scene is extremely unbalanced.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA multicenter, open-label, randomized, controlled superiority trial with 18 months of follow-up was conducted to investigate whether oral zinc supplementation could further promote spermatogenesis in males with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) receiving sequential purified urinary follicular-stimulating hormone/human chorionic gonadotropin (uFSH/hCG) replacement. Sixty-seven Chinese male IHH patients were recruited from the Departments of Endocrinology in eight tertiary hospitals and randomly allocated into the sequential uFSH/hCG group (Group A, n = 34) or the sequential uFSH plus zinc supplementation group (Group B, n = 33). In Group A, patients received sequential uFSH (75 U, three times a week every other 3 months) and hCG (2000 U, twice a week) treatments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high prevalence in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we sought to provide a comprehensive assessment regarding the effects of anti-diabetic agents on NAFLD in patients with T2DM.
Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with different anti-diabetic agents in T2DM.
Aim: Preclinical studies suggested that insulin, incretin and thiazolidinediones had effect on regulation of bone metabolism. But clinical evidence is limited. We assessed the effects of these antihyperglycemic agents on bone metabolism in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Gonadotropin therapy using a human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and FSH preparation is an effective regimen in inducing masculinization and spermatogenesis in men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH). However, the high cost of medication and frequent injections affect compliance.
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of sequential use of highly purified urinary FSH (uFSH)/hCG in men with IHH.
Ectopic accumulation of lipids in nonadipose tissues plays a primary role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study was to examine the effects of exenatide, insulin, and pioglitazone on liver fat content and body fat distributions in T2DM. Thirty-three drug-naive T2DM patients (age 52.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study was aimed to assess the associations of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and 2h postload plasma glucose (2hPG) with β-cell function in the Chinese population. A total of 913 subjects underwent 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbA1c testing. According to OGTT, isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG) was defined as 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Many studies have shown that low sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is associated with insulin resistance, but only few studies have examined how serum SHBG is regulated by insulin in humans. This interventional study aimed to investigate the effect of insulin therapy (IT) on serum SHBG levels in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients.
Methods: A total of 80 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic subjects were enrolled and randomly grouped into a 2-week intensive IT with/without metformin.
Objective: To examine the effect of intensive glycemic control therapy (IT) on insulin sensitivity and β-cell function in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
Research Design And Methods: Forty-eight newly diagnosed type 2 diabetic patients were randomly assigned to IT for 2 weeks and followed up for 1 year. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were conducted in NGT, IGT, and diabetic subjects.
To evaluate the role of insulin resistance and beta cell function to increasing fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 1,272 Chinese subjects (18-80 years of age) were divided into normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), combined glucose intolerance (CGI), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) according to oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin sensitivity was measured by Matsuda index (ISI(M)) and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (1/HOMA-IR); β-cell function adjusted by insulin sensitivity was assessed from disposition index (DI) at basal DI(0) (homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-B) × [1/HOMA-IR]), early-phase DI(30) (the ratio of total insulin AUC and total glucose AUC during 0-30 min of the OGTT (InsAUC(30)/GluAUC(30)) × ISI(M)) and total DI(120) (the ratio of total insulin AUC and total glucose AUC during 0-120 min of the OGTT (InsAUC(120)/GluAUC(120)) × ISI(M)). Compared with NGT, in IFG, ISI(M) (-23%), DI(0) (-38%), DI(30) (-30%), and DI(120) (-31%) were decreased significantly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Statins are extensively used for lowering LDL-cholesterol and reducing cardiovascular events. Recent studies have shown that statins have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects. We aimed to determine whether and how adipokines are regulated during statin treatment in type 2 diabetic patients.
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