Deciphering Microbial Community and Nitrogen Fixation in the Legume Rhizosphere.

Nitrogen is the most limiting factor in crop production. Legumes establish a symbiotic relationship with rhizobia and enhance nitrogen fixation. We analyzed 1,624 rhizosphere 16S rRNA gene samples and 113 rhizosphere metagenomic samples from three typical legumes and three non-legumes.

Glyphosate Disorders Soil Gut Microbiota and Increases Its Antibiotic Resistance Risk.

Pesticides promote the stable development of intensive global agriculture. Nevertheless, their residues in the soil can cause ecological and human health risks. Glyphosate is a popular herbicide and is generally thought to be ecologically safe and nontoxic, but this conclusion has been questioned.

Understanding the ecological effects of the fungicide difenoconazole on soil and Enchytraeus crypticus gut microbiome.

Increasing knowledge of the impacts of pesticides on soil ecological communities is fundamental to a comprehensive understanding of the functional changes in the global agroecosystem industry. In this study, we examined microbial community shifts in the gut of the soil-dwelling organism Enchytraeus crypticus and functional shifts in the soil microbiome (bacteria and viruses) after 21 d of exposure to difenoconazole, one of the main fungicides in intensified agriculture. Our results demonstrated reduced body weight and increased oxidative stress levels of E.

Global distribution of marine microplastics and potential for biodegradation.

Microplastics are a growing marine environmental concern globally due to their high abundance and persistent degradation. We created a global map for predicting marine microplastic pollution using a machine-learning model based on 9445 samples and found that microplastics converged in zones of accumulation in subtropical gyres and near polar seas. The predicted global potential for the biodegradation of microplastics in 1112 metagenome-assembled genomes from 485 marine metagenomes indicated high potential in areas of high microplastic pollution, such as the northern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Phyllosphere Microorganisms: Sources, Drivers, and Their Interactions with Plant Hosts.

The leaves of plants are colonized by various microorganisms. In comparison to the rhizosphere, less is known about the characteristics and ecological functions of phyllosphere microorganisms. Phyllosphere microorganisms mainly originate from soil, air, and seeds.