Structural-color meta-nanoprinting embedding multi-domain spatial light field information.

Recently, multifunctional metasurface has showcased its powerful functionality to integrate nanoprinting and holography, and display ultracompact meta-images in near- and far-field simultaneously. Herein, we propose a tri-channel metasurface which can further extend the meta-imaging ranges, with three independent images located at the interface, Fresnel and Fourier domains, respectively. Specifically, a structural-color nanoprinting image is decoded right at the interface of the metasurface, enabled by varying the dimensions of nanostructures; a Fresnel holographic image and another Fourier holographic image are present at the Fresnel and Fourier (far-field) domains, respectively, enabled by geometric phase.

Bidirectional high-speed optical wireless communication with tunable large field of view assisted by liquid crystal metadevice.

Beam-steered infrared (IR) light communication has gained tremendous attention as one of the solutions of congested wireless communication traffic. High performance active beam-steering devices play a crucial role in data allocation and exchange. Conventional beam-steering devices such as spatial light modulator (SLM) and micro-electrical mechanical system (MEMS) mirror and the current emerging nonmechanical beam-steering metasurface-based devices are challenging to realize a large tunable steering angle beyond several degrees, which significantly hinders the spatial application of optical wireless communications (OWC).

Experimental retrieval of metaholographic images via evanescent wave using a single-layer nanostructure for encryption.

Metasurfaces have demonstrated significant potential in optical encryption and anti-counterfeiting due to their incredible capability of manipulating various light properties. However, previous metasurface-encryption methods did not sufficiently explore the spatial frequency aspect, particularly regarding evanescent waves. Here, we propose an encryption scheme by introducing evanescent waves into the encoding and decoding processes.

Tri-channel metasurface fusion of continuously varying gray levels for nanoprinting and holographic displays.

Metasurfaces are extensively utilized in nanoprinting and hologram fusion displays due to their superior wavefront shaping capabilities. However, the creation of continuously varying grayscale images based on conventional Malus's law necessitates the use of at least one polarizer for observation, which compromises the metasurface's integration. In this study, inspired by the Jacobi-Anger expansion, we propose a tri-channel metasurface to establish three independent information channels for simultaneous grayscale nanoprinting and polarization multiplexed holography.

Upper limit on the polarization-assisted amplitude modulation capability of cascaded single-cell wave-plate-like metasurfaces.

The Jones matrix method offers a robust framework for designing polarization multiplexed metasurfaces (PMMs). Traditional PMMs design involves initially defining functions and working channels, then mapping feature functions to adjustable parameters of metasurfaces. However, this approach makes it difficult to predict how working channels affect metasurface features.

Minimalist design of multifunctional metasurfaces for helicity multiplexed holography and nanoprinting.

Recently, polarization multiplexing has become a common strategy to enhance the information capacity of metasurfaces. Nevertheless, the intricate design of anisotropic nanostructures forming a polarization multiplexed metasurface poses a significant challenge, increasing the requirements for manufacturing processes and diminishing overall robustness. Herein, we present a minimalist metasurface comprised of only two kinds of nanostructures to achieve the integration of continuous-amplitude modulated nanoprinting and eight-step phase-only helicity-multiplexed holography.

MCM4 Promotes the Progression of Malignant Melanoma by Activating the PI3K/AKT Pathway.

This study aims to elucidate the role of minichromosome maintenance protein 4 (MCM4) in malignant melanoma (MM) and explore the underlying mechanism. Initially, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Molecular Signature Database (MSigDB) were used to investigate the biological impact of MCM4 on MM. Further, a prognostic model using Cox regression analysis was developed to predict the overall survival (OS) rate in the MM patients.

Co-delivery of siRNA and cisplatin via electrospun Nanofibrous membranes for synergistic treatment of malignant melanoma.

Tumor recurrence and metastasis remain formidable challenges in clinical oncology. Although surgery is an effective treatment for early-stage solid tumors, residual cancer cells can lead to subsequent recurrence or metastasis. Conventional treatments for melanoma, such as anti-tumor medications and gene therapy, have distinct limitations.

Electrically tunable planar liquid-crystal singlets for simultaneous spectrometry and imaging.

Conventional hyperspectral cameras cascade lenses and spectrometers to acquire the spectral datacube, which forms the fundamental framework for hyperspectral imaging. However, this cascading framework involves tradeoffs among spectral and imaging performances when the system is driven toward miniaturization. Here, we propose a spectral singlet lens that unifies optical imaging and computational spectrometry functions, enabling the creation of minimalist, miniaturized and high-performance hyperspectral cameras.

Insufficient phosphorylation of STAT5 in Tregs inhibits the expression of BLIMP-1 but not IRF4, reduction the proportion of Tregs in pediatric aplastic anemia.

Deficiency in regulatory T cells (Tregs) is an important mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of pediatric aplastic anemia, but its specific mechanism is unclear. In our study, we aimed to investigate whether IL-2/STAT5 can regulate the proliferation of Tregs in aplastic anemia (AA) by regulating their expression of B lymphocyte-induced mature protein-1 (BLIMP-1) or interferon regulatory factor 4 (IRF4). Through clinical research and animal experiments, we found that poor activation of the IL-2/STAT5 signaling pathway may leads to low expression of BLIMP-1 in Tregs of children with AA, which leads to defects in the differentiation and proliferation of Tregs in AA.

Enhancement of PRMT6 binding to a novel germline mutation associated with congenital anemia.

Mutations in the master hematopoietic transcription factor GATA1 are often associated with functional defects in erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. In this study, we identified a novel GATA1 germline mutation (c.1162delGG, p.

Switchable Two-Dimensional AND and Exclusive OR Operation Based on Dual-Wavelength Metasurfaces.

Logic operation serves as the foundation and core element of computing networks; it will bring huge vitality to advanced information processing with its adaptation in the optical domain. As fundamental logic operations, AND and exclusive OR (XOR) operations serve a multitude of purposes, such as their ability to cooperate in enabling image processing and interpretation. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a wavelength multiplexed AND and XOR function based on metasurfaces.

Mitochondria-targeted pentacyclic triterpene NIR-AIE derivatives for enhanced chemotherapeutic and chemo-photodynamic combined therapy.

Complexes formed by combining pentacyclic triterpenes (PTs) with Aggregation-Induced Emission luminogens (AIEgens), termed pentacyclic triterpene-aggregation induced emission (PT-AIEgen) complexes, merge the chemotherapeutic properties of PTs with the photocytotoxicity of AIEgens. In this study, we synthesized derivatives by connecting three types of triphenylamine (TPA) pyridinium derivatives with three common pentacyclic triterpenes. Altering the connecting group between the electron donor TPA and the electron acceptor pyridinium resulted in increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by PT-AIEgens and a red-shift in their fluorescence emission spectra.

Perovskite single-pixel detector for dual-color metasurface imaging recognition in complex environment.

Highly efficient multi-dimensional data storage and extraction are two primary ends for the design and fabrication of emerging optical materials. Although metasurfaces show great potential in information storage due to their modulation for different degrees of freedom of light, a compact and efficient detector for relevant multi-dimensional data retrieval is still a challenge, especially in complex environments. Here, we demonstrate a multi-dimensional image storage and retrieval process by using a dual-color metasurface and a double-layer integrated perovskite single-pixel detector (DIP-SPD).

In-plane emission manipulation of random optical modes by using a zero-index material.

In this work, we have proposed to implement a zero-index material (ZIM) to control the in-plane emission of planar random optical modes while maintaining the intrinsic disordered features. Light propagating through a medium with near-zero effective refractive index accumulates little phase change and is guided to the direction determined by the conservation law of momentum. By enclosing a disordered structure with a ZIM based on all-dielectric photonic crystal (PhC), broadband emission directionality improvement can be obtained.

Beam-steering metasurfaces assisted coherent optical wireless multichannel communication system.

The metasurface based beam-steering devices with the advantages of large steering angles, arbitrary channels and ultra-compactness have played an important role for data allocation and exchange in the optical wireless communication. However, the current metasurface based optical wireless communication systems are mainly on intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD), which shows a relative lower transmission capacity, lower received optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) and complexity of system. In this study, a bidirectional multichannel optical wireless system enabled by a polarization independent metasurface with coherent modulation and reception is designed and experimentally demonstrated, which exhibits exclusive 100 Gbps coherent optical signals to multiusers with their own wavelengths, 2 m free space distance and field of view of 20° × 20°.

The prognosis of breast cancer patients with bone metastasis could be potentially estimated based on blood routine test and biochemical examination at admission.

Purpose: Due to the poor and unpredictable prognosis of breast cancer (BC) patients with bone metastasis, it is necessary to find convenient and available prognostic predictors. This study aimed to recognize the clinical and prognostic factors related to clinical laboratory examination and to construct a prognostic nomogram for BC bone metastasis.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 32 candidate indicators from clinical features and laboratory examination data of 276 BC patients with bone metastasis.

All-Optical Multiplexed Meta-Differentiator for Tri-Mode Surface Morphology Observation.

Current optical differentiators are generally limited to realizing a single differential function once fabricated. Herein, a minimalist strategy in designing multiplexed differentiators (1 - and 2 -order differentiations), implemented with a Malus metasurface consisting of single-sized nanostructures is proposed, thus improving the functionality of optical computing devices without the cost of complex design and nanofabrication. It is found that the proposed meta-differentiator exhibits excellent differential-computation performance and can be used for simultaneous outline detection and edge positioning of objects, corresponding to the functions of the 1 - and 2 -order differentiations respectively.

Immune desert in MMR-deficient tumors predicts poor responsiveness of immune checkpoint inhibition.

Background: Although many efforts have been devoted to identify biomarkers to predict the responsiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, including expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I, microsatellite instability (MSI), mismatch repair (MMR) defect, tumor mutation burden (TMB), tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), and several transcriptional signatures, the sensitivity of these indicators remains to be further improved.

Materials And Methods: Here, we integrated T-cell spatial distribution and intratumor transcriptional signals in predicting the response to immune checkpoint therapy in MMR-deficient tumors including tumors of Lynch syndrome (LS).

Results: In both cohorts, MMR-deficient tumors displayed personalized tumor immune signatures, including inflamed, immune excluded, and immune desert, which were not only individual-specific but also organ-specific.

Phase-assisted Bessel-metasurface: a single-sized approach for simultaneous printing and holography.

Due to the unprecedented wavefront shaping capability, the metasurface has demonstrated state-of-the-art performances in various applications, especially in printing and holography. Recently, these two functions have been combined into a single metasurface chip to achieve a capability expansion. Despite the progress, current dual-mode metasurfaces are realized at the expense of an increase in the difficulty of the fabrication, reduction of the pixel resolution, or strict limitation in the illumination conditions.

Cognitive adverse events in patients with lung cancer treated with checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy: a propensity score-matched analysis.

Background: Cancer-related cognitive decline is a serious problem in long-term survival but no pivotal study has investigated whether checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) may be associated with cognitive adverse events.

Methods: This propensity score-matched analysis recruited non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients prescribed with or without ICI monotherapy from three Chinese tertiary hospitals. Patients were excluded from study who developed brain metastasis or had disorders severely affecting cognitive abilities.

LILRB1 immune cell infiltration identifies immunosuppressive microenvironment and dismal outcomes of patients with ovarian cancer.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are commonly used in various types of cancer, but their efficacy in ovarian cancer (OC) is limited. Thus, identifying novel immune-related therapeutic targets is crucial. Leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily B1 (LILRB1), a key receptor of human leukocyte antigen G (HLA-G), is involved in immune tolerance, but its role in tumor immunity remains unclear.

Tiger Amulet inspired high-security holographic encryption via liquid crystals.

Due to the precise and continuous regulation of phase, holographic encryption based on metasurfaces and liquid crystals (LCs) has been proposed to encrypt the information by manipulating the wavelength, polarization, etc. However, the security cannot be fully guaranteed since the requirements of decoding methods for these schemes are generally not very strict and vulnerable for exhaustive attack. Furthermore, any part of the hologram stolen may lead to the disclosure of the hidden information regardless of the generation mode of phase delay or the selection of media material, so the security needs to be further improved.

Complete Tolerogenic Adjuvant Stimulates Regulatory T Cell Response to Immunization.

We have determined in mice the minimum composition required for forming a vaccine adjuvant that stimulates a regulatory T (Treg) cell response to immunization, and we named the adjuvant "complete tolerogenic adjuvant." This new kind of adjuvant may let us use the well-proven "Ag with adjuvant" form of immunization for inducing Treg cell-mediated Ag-specific immunosuppression. The minimum composition consists of dexamethasone, rapamycin, and monophosphoryl lipid A at a mass ratio of 8:20:3.