(Lamiaceae), a new species from Guangdong (China).

(Lamiaceae), a new species from the limestone area in northern Guangdong Province, China, is described and illustrated. Phylogenetic analyses, based on two nuclear DNA regions (ITS and ETS) and three plastid DNA regions (, and ), suggest that represents a distinct species in . Morphologically, is similar to P.

Enhancing Working Memory Based on Mismatch Negativity Neurofeedback in Subjective Cognitive Decline Patients: A Preliminary Study.

Mismatch negativity (MMN) is suitable for studies of preattentive auditory discriminability and the auditory memory trace. Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is an ideal target for early therapeutic intervention because SCD occurs at preclinical stages many years before the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). According to a novel lifespan-based model of dementia risk, hearing loss is considered the greatest potentially modifiable risk factor of dementia among nine health and lifestyle factors, and hearing impairment is associated with cognitive decline.

Four new species of Asian horned toads (Anura, Megophryidae, ) from southern China.

Recent phylogenetic analysis encompassing multilocus nuclear-gene and matrilineal mtDNA genealogy has revealed a series of cryptic species of the subgenus Panophrys within genus from southern and eastern China. This study demonstrates that the specimens from the hilly areas among Guangdong, Guangxi and Hunan can be morphologically distinguished from all recognized congeners, thereby providing additional supports for the recognitions of four new species of , namely Megophrys (Panophrys) mirabilis Lyu, Wang & Zhao, from northeastern Guangxi, Megophrys (Panophrys) shimentaina Lyu, Liu & Wang, from northern Guangdong, and Megophrys (Panophrys) xiangnanensis Lyu, Zeng & Wang, and Megophrys (Panophrys) yangmingensis Lyu, Zeng & Wang, from southern Hunan. The descriptions of these species take the number of species to 101, 46 of which belong to the subgenus Panophrys.

Gentianella acuta prevents acute myocardial infarction induced by isoproterenol in rats via inhibition of galectin-3/TLR4/MyD88/NF-кB inflammatory signalling.

Gentianella acuta (G. acuta), as a folk medicine, was used to treat heart disease by the Ewenki people in Inner Mongolia. However, the effect of G.

Testosterone modulates structural synaptic plasticity of primary cultured hippocampal neurons through ERK - CREB signalling pathways.

Although hippocampus-derived androgens play an important role in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, studies at the cellular level have received relatively less attention. Furthermore, the underlying signalling pathways associated with synaptic plasticity remain unclear. Results of the present study demonstrated that testosterone treatment of primary cultured rat hippocampal neurons resulted in a rapid increase in spine density, accompanied by the elevation of protein and messenger RNA levels of synaptophysin, developmentally regulated brain protein (Drebrin), and the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR1 subunit.

Do theta oscillations explain the somatosensory change detection mechanism?

Recent research has indicated that the mismatch negativity (MMN) is elicited in response to a discernible small change of a somatosensory stimulus applied on the hand. However, the neural mechanism for detecting small change of somatosensory stimulus remains unknown. In the present study, we developed a novel pressure stimulation device using air jet applied on the index finger pad, and determined the just noticeable differences (JNDs) of pressure discrimination for each subject.

Effects of an Integrated Neurofeedback System with Dry Electrodes: EEG Acquisition and Cognition Assessment.

Electroencephalogram (EEG) neurofeedback improves cognitive capacity and behaviors by regulating brain activity, which can lead to cognitive enhancement in healthy people and better rehabilitation in patients. The increased use of EEG neurofeedback highlights the urgent need to reduce the discomfort and preparation time and increase the stability and simplicity of the system's operation. Based on brain-computer interface technology and a multithreading design, we describe a neurofeedback system with an integrated design that incorporates wearable, multichannel, dry electrode EEG acquisition equipment and cognitive function assessment.