Three-dimensional polarimetric ptychography.

A three-dimensional polarimetric ptychography (3D-PP) technique is proposed to reconstruct the residual stress distribution in optical elements in three dimensions by combining polarization imaging and a 3D ptychographic iterative engine (3D-PIE). 3D-PP mainly uses two orthogonal linear polarizers placed along the light direction to capture the photoelastic information within an optical element. Based on phase shift theory, a three-step phase shift method is proposed to record three dark field images, allowing for calculating the isometric line of residual stress within the optical element.

Novel sulphur-selective method for simultaneous determination of thiram and asomate based on carbon dots and its application in fruits.

Thiram (THI) and asomate (ASO) are frequently detected agrochemicals in food samples due to widespread use as fungicides. However, their detection suffers from matrix interference, or the necessity of derivatization before measurement. Integrating HPLC with a post-column carbon dots (CDs)-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) system makes it possible to simultaneously separate and selectively detect ASO and THI in fruit samples free of derivatization and deep purification.

Spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage treated by gas tamponade in a refractory glaucoma patient with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a case report.

We are reporting the successful treatment of a rare case of spontaneous suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SSCH) in a young refractory glaucoma patient with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). The 34-year-old male was admitted to our hospital having experienced pain in his right eye for two days. The patient had a history of glaucoma and long axial length in the right eye with chronic poorly controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) and acute hypotony.

Modulation of acid-induced pea protein gels by gellan gum and glucono-δ-lactone: Rheological and microstructural insights.

This study investigated the effect of gellan gum (GG) and glucono-δ-lactone (GDL) on the acid-induced gel properties of pea protein isolate (PPI) pretreated with media milling. The inclusion of GG substantially enhanced the gel hardness of PPI gel from 18.69 g to 792.

Covalent interaction of ovalbumin with proanthocyanidins improves its thermal stability and antioxidant and emulsifying activity.

Background: The structure of proanthocyanidins (PC) contains a large number of active phenolic hydroxyl groups, which makes it have strong antioxidant capacity. This study investigated the structural and functional properties of ovalbumin (OVA) modified by its interaction with PC.

Results: It was found that on increasing the concentration ratio of PC to OVA from 10:1 to 40:1, the free amino and total sulfhydryl contents of OVA decreased from 470.

Development of a novel HPLC-CDCL method utilizing nitrogen-doped carbon dots for sensitive and selective detection of dithiocarbamate pesticides in tea.

In this study, S-methyl derivatives of dithiocarbamates (DTCs) were shown to significantly enhance chemiluminescence (CL) between Ce(IV) and efficient and environmentally friendly nitrogen-doped carbon dots (NCDs). Based on the elucidation of the CL mechanisms, an innovative approach involving high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with N-CDs and CL detection (HPLC-CDCL) was proposed. The developed method was successfully applied to the highly sensitive detection of three DTC fungicides (dimethyl dithiocarbamate, ethylene bisdithiocarbamate, and propylene bisdithiocarbamate) in tea.

Elucidating the Interaction of Indole-3-Propionic Acid and Calf Thymus DNA: Multispectroscopic and Computational Modeling Approaches.

Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) is a plant growth regulator with good specificity and long action. IPA may be harmful to human health because of its accumulation in vegetables and fruits. Therefore, in this study, the properties of the interaction between calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) and IPA were systematically explored using multispectroscopic and computational modeling approaches.

Effect of narrative videos and mini-VR games in nursing smoking cessation training on empathy and self-efficacy of smoking cessation counseling: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Empathy and self-efficacy for smoking cessation counseling can be enhanced through smoking cessation training. Narrative videos and virtual reality (VR) games have been applied in medical education, but their application in smoking cessation training is limited and understudied.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of smokers' narrative videos and mini-VR games on nursing students' empathy towards smokers (State Empathy Scale), confidence in practicing empathy, self-efficacy in smoking cessation counseling, and learning satisfaction.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors for bacterial co-infections in COVID-19 patients: A retrospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the bacterial composition, distribution, drug sensitivity, and clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who develop bacterial co-infections.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 184 patients with COVID-19 admitted between December 2022 and January 2023. Data on gender, age, length of hospital stay, pneumonia classification, underlying diseases, invasive surgery, hormone therapy, inflammation indicators, and other relevant information were collected.

The mediating role of psychological capital on the relationship between authentic leadership and innovative behaviour among Chinese nurses.

Aim: To explore the mediating role of psychological capital between authentic leadership and innovative behaviour among Chinese nurses.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: In December 2021, online surveys were delivered among nurses from 37 hospitals in Anhui Province by convenience sampling approach.

Baicalein glycymicelle ophthalmic solution: Preparation, in vitro antimicrobial activities, and antimicrobial mechanism evaluations.

The purpose of this study was to develop a novel baicalein (BAI) loaded glycymicelle ophthalmic solution with small molecule phytochemical glycyrrhizin as nanocarriers and to explore this solution's potential as an antimicrobial agent against ocular infections. The optimized BAI glycymicelles had a high encapsulation efficiency (98.76 ± 1.

Hesperitin-Copper(II) Complex Regulates the NLRP3 Pathway and Attenuates Hyperuricemia and Renal Inflammation.

Background: Hyperuricaemia (HUA) is a disorder of purine metabolism in the body. We previously synthesized a hesperitin (Hsp)-Cu(II) complex and found that the complex possessed strong uric acid (UA)-reducing activity in vitro. In this study we further explored the complex's UA-lowering and nephroprotective effects in vivo.

The learning outcomes of smoking cessation training in undergraduate nursing students: A systematic review.

Aim: To systematically evaluate the effect of smoking cessation training on nursing students' learning outcomes.

Design: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022373280).

Methods: Ten electronic English and Chinese databases were searched to identify articles on nursing students' smoking cessation training from inception to October 2022.

External factors affecting the linear and nonlinear rheological behavior of oleogel-based emulsions.

This study reported oleogel-based emulsions (OGEs, W/O) stabilized by carnauba wax. The effects of different external factors (heating temperature, crystallization temperature, and shear application during crystallization) on the microstructure and linear/nonlinear rheological properties of OGEs were investigated. Microstructural observation suggested that the OGEs had a uniform droplet distribution, and the carnauba wax crystals trapped oil in the continuous phase.

The mediating role of psychological capital on the relationship between authentic leadership and nurses' caring behavior: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Caring behavior among nurses would have an impact on patient outcomes. External organizational job resources and personal internal psychological resources are correlated to nurses' caring behavior. Authentic leadership and psychological capital were shown to be correlated with nurses' caring behavior in previous studies.

Inhibition mechanism of fisetin on acetylcholinesterase and its synergistic effect with galantamine.

The search for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors produced by natural sources is of great significance for the prevention and therapy of Alzheimer's disease and has been widely concerned. In this study, fisetin, a flavonoid compound of plant origin, displayed a mixed inhibition mode on AChE (IC = 8.88 ± 0.

Inhibition of toll-like receptor 4 activation by apigenin and chrysin via competition for sites and conformational changes.

The activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling is crucial for initiating and coordinating the immune response against infections, and is proved as a vital target for inflammatory diseases. Herein, TLR4 with sufficient amount and functional activity was generated by heterologous expression and used to investigate the mechanism of apigenin (Api)/chrysin (Chr) inhibition of TLR4 activation. The results demonstrated that Api/Chr exhibited a strong fluorescence quenching effect through a static quenching and a high binding affinity (K > 10 L·mol) with TLR4, indicating the potential of Api/Chr as a TLR4 inhibitor.

Effects of Processing Conditions and Simulated Digestion In Vitro on the Antioxidant Activity, Inhibition of Xanthine Oxidase and Bioaccessibility of Epicatechin Gallate.

The bioactivity and gastrointestinal stability of epicatechin gallate (ECG) may be affected by processing conditions. Results showed that the antioxidant ability and inhibitory activity on xanthine oxidase (XO) of ECG were higher at low pH values. Appropriate microwave and heating treatments improved the antioxidant (the scavenging rate increased from 71.

Protocatechuic acid and gallic acid improve the emulsion and thermal stability of whey protein by covalent binding.

This study aimed to explore the impacts of gallic acid (GA)/protocatechuic acid (PA) on the structural and functional characteristics of whey proteins (WP) through covalent binding. To this purpose, the covalent complexes of WP-PA and WP-GA at different concentration gradients were prepared by the alkaline method. SDS-PAGE indicated that PA/GA was cross-linked by covalent bonds.

Improving the gel properties of salted egg white/cooked soybean protein isolate composite gels by ultrasound treatment: Study on the gelling properties and structure.

In this study, the effects of ultrasound treatment on the texture, physicochemical properties and protein structure of composite gels prepared by salted egg white (SEW) and cooked soybean protein isolate (CSPI) at different ratios were investigated. With the increased SEW addition, the ζ-potential absolute values, soluble protein content, surface hydrophobicity and swelling ratio of composite gels showed overall declining trends (P < 0.05), while the free sulfhydryl (SH) contents and hardness of exhibited overall increasing trends (P < 0.

Amelioration of ovalbumin gel properties by EGCG via protein aggregation, hydrogen, and van der Waals force.

The mechanism of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)-modified ovalbumin gel (EMOG) was investigated. Results indicated that, with the increase of EGCG concentration from 0% to 0.05%, the opacity, hardness, and cohesiveness of EMOG increased significantly from 0.

Novel Reactive Distillation Process for Cyclohexyl Acetate Production: Design, Optimization, and Control.

A side-reactor column (SRC) configuration, comprising a vacuum column coupled with atmospheric side reactors, is proposed to overcome the thermodynamic restriction in the esterification of cyclohexene with acetic acid to produce cyclohexyl acetate. Meantime, this configuration can avoid the utilization of the high-pressure steam and provide enough zone for catalyst loading. In order to obtain the minimum total annual cost (TAC), the process is optimized by a mixed-integer nonlinear programming optimization method based on the improved bat algorithm.