Serum Lipidomic Signatures Mediate the Association Between Coarse Grain Preference and Central Obesity in Adults With Normal Weight and High Wheat Intake.

Little is known about the association between grain preference andabdominal fat accumulation, and mediating roles of circulating lipidomicsignatures. We quantified 1245 circulating lipids in 150 normal-weight centralobesity (NWCO) cases and 150 controls using targeted lipidomics. Grainpreference was determined by the highest intake frequency of grains (whiterice, wheat, or coarse grain).

Intermediate-regulated dynamic restructuring at Ag-Cu biphasic interface enables selective CO electroreduction to C fuels.

A bimetallic heterostructure has been shown effective to enhance the multi-carbon (C) product selectivity in CO electroreduction. Clarifying the interfacial structure under electrolysis and its decisive role in the pathway selection are crucial, yet challenging. Here, we conceive a well-defined Ag-Cu biphasic heterostructure to understand the interfacial structure-steered product selectivity: The Cu-rich interface prefers ethylene, while the dominant product switch to alcohols with an increasing Ag fraction, and finally to CO as Ag occupying the main surface.

Understanding the interfacial water structure in electrocatalysis.

The structure of interfacial water molecules plays a crucial role in modulating the electrochemical surface kinetics. This article provides an in-depth understanding of the water molecule structure inside the double layer and its main influencing factors at the molecular scale.

Lipidomic perturbations of normal-weight adiposity phenotypes and their mediations on diet-adiposity associations.

Background & Aims: Normal-weight obesity (NWO) and normal-weight central obesity (NWCO) have been linked to higher cardiometabolic risks, but their etiological bases and attributable dietary factors remain unclear. In this study we therefore aimed to identify lipidomic signatures and dietary factors related to NWO and NWCO and to explore the mediation associations of lipids in diet-adiposity associations.

Methods: Using a high-coverage targeted lipidomic approach, we quantified 1245 serum lipids in participants with NWO (n = 150), NWCO (n = 150), or propensity-score-matched normal-weight controls (n = 150) based on the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China.

Tobacco smoke and all-cause mortality and premature death in China: a cohort study.

Background: Tobacco smoke is associated with several diseases, and identified as the second leading risk factor for death from any cause worldwide. The relationship of tobacco smoke to mortality or premature death is not yet available from contemporary cohorts after 2010 in China. This study aimed to investigate the smoking behavior and the relationship of tobacco smoke to mortality and premature death among a nationally representative cohort starting from 2011 in China.

Generalisability and potential deaths averted from intensive blood pressure treatment among the elderly population in the US and China: A nationally representative cross-sectional study.

Background: The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) from the US and the Strategy of Blood Pressure Intervention in the Elderly Hypertensive Patients (STEP) trial from China have consistently demonstrated clinical benefits from intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment among elderly adults with hypertension. However, we have little data on the generalisability and potential implications of a scale-up of intensive BP treatment to all eligible elderly in the US and China.

Methods: We used two nationally representative data sets from China (Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHALRS), 2011-2012) and the US (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2007-2012) and linked them with CHARLS follow-up data (2013) and the National Death Index (1999-2015), respectively.

Two-Dimensional Covalent Framework Derived Nonprecious Transition Metal Single-Atomic-Site Electrocatalyst toward High-Efficiency Oxygen Reduction.

Designing an active, stable, and nonprecious metal catalyst substitute for Pt in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is highly demanded for energy-efficient and cost-effective prototype devices. Single-atomic-site catalysts (SASCs) have been widely concerning because of their maximum atomic utilization and precise structural regulation. Despite being challenging, the controllable synthesis of SASCs is crucial for optimizing ORR activity.

Longer time in blood pressure target range improves cardiovascular outcomes among patients with Type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial.

Aims: To examine the prognostic value of time in target range (TIR) with adverse outcomes and validate it with common blood pressure (BP) metrics among patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We performed a post hoc analysis of the ACCORD (Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes) trial. TIR for each subject was calculated using linear interpolation and an SBP target range of 110 to 130 mmHg.

Staple Food Preference and Obesity Phenotypes: The Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China.

Staple food preference vary in populations, but evidence of its associations with obesity phenotypes are limited. Using baseline data ( = 105,840) of the Regional Ethnic Cohort Study in Northwest China, staple food preference was defined according to the intake frequency of rice and wheat. Overall and specifically abdominal fat accumulation were determined by excessive body fat percentage and waist circumference.

Association of maternity formula supplementation during pregnancy with small for gestational age birth in Chinese newborns.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the association between maternity formula supplementation and small for gestational age (SGA) status in Chinese newborns.

Methods: Data were from a population-based cross-sectional survey conducted in Shaanxi, Northwest China between August and December 2013. A total of 27 780 women pregnant with singletons and 356 with twins were included in this survey.

A Two-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructure with Isolated Electron-Deficient Cobalt Sites toward High-Efficiency CO Electroreduction.

Electrochemical CO conversion is a promising way for sustainable chemical fuel production, yet the conversion efficiency is strongly limited by the sluggish kinetics and complex reaction pathways. Here we report the ultrathin conjugated metalloporphyrin covalent organic framework epitaxially grown on graphene as a two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructure to catalyze CO reduction. X-ray absorption and density functional theory calculations reveal the strong interlayer coupling leads to electron-deficient metal centers and speeds up electrocatalysis.

Clinical benefit of systolic blood pressure within the target range among patients with or without diabetes mellitus: a propensity score-matched analysis of two randomized clinical trials.

Background: Recent guidelines recommended a systolic blood pressure (SBP) target of < 130 mmHg for patients with or without diabetes but without providing a lower bound. Our study aimed to explore whether additional clinical benefits remain at achieved blood pressure (BP) levels below the recommended target.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) among the non-diabetic population and the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes BP (ACCORD-BP) trial among diabetic subjects.

Structure-Function Correlation and Dynamic Restructuring of Cu for Highly Efficient Electrochemical CO Conversion.

The increasing global demand for sustainable energy sources and emerging environmental issues have pushed the development of energy conversion and storage technologies to the forefront of chemical research. Electrochemical carbon dioxide (CO ) conversion provides an attractive approach to synthesizing fuels and chemical feedstocks using renewable energy. On the path to deploying this technology, basic and applied scientific hurdles remain.

Impact of the 2020 China Diabetes Society Guideline on the Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Eligibility for Antidiabetic Treatment in China.

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the impact of the 2020 China Diabetes Society's (CDS) guideline on the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and eligibility for antidiabetic treatment in China.

Material And Methods: Baseline data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011-2012) were used to estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and compare the recommendations for antidiabetic medication and intensification of therapy between the 2017 and 2020 CDS guidelines.

Results: According to the 2017 CDS guideline, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 12.

Association of Short and Long Interpregnancy Intervals with Adverse Birth Outcomes: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in Northwest China.

Purpose: To analyze the effects of a short interpregnancy interval (IPI) (<6 months) and a long IPI (>120 months) on neonatal adverse birth outcomes including low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA), preterm birth (PTB), and birth defects in Shaanxi Province.

Patients And Methods: A stratified multistage random sampling method was used to recruit participants who gave birth between 2010 and 2013 in Shaanxi province. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect the information of the participants.

Association between maternal iron supplementation and newborn birth weight: a quantile regression analysis.

Objective: Our study aimed to explore the association between maternal iron supplementation and newborn birth weight (BW) in Shaanxi Province using quantile regression (QR).

Method: The data used in this study were derived from a large cross-sectional survey of a population in Shaanxi Province, Northwest China. A total of 28,209 women and their infants were selected using a stratified multistage random sampling method.

Graphdiyne/Graphene Heterostructure: A Universal 2D Scaffold Anchoring Monodispersed Transition-Metal Phthalocyanines for Selective and Durable CO Electroreduction.

Electrochemical CO reduction (COR) is a sustainable way of producing carbon-neutral fuels, yet the efficiency is limited by its sluggish kinetics and complex reaction pathways. Developing active, selective, and stable COR electrocatalysts is challenging and entails intelligent material structure design and tailoring. Here we show a graphdiyne/graphene (GDY/G) heterostructure as a 2D conductive scaffold to anchor monodispersed cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) and reduce CO with an appreciable activity, selectivity, and durability.

Enhanced Electrochemical Methanation of Carbon Dioxide at the Single-Layer Hexagonal Boron Nitride/Cu Interfacial Perimeter.

The electrochemical conversion of CO to valuable fuels is a plausible solution to meet the soaring need for renewable energy sources. However, the practical application of this process is limited by its poor selectivity due to scaling relations. Here we introduce the rational design of the monolayer hexagonal boron nitride/copper (h-BN/Cu) interface to circumvent scaling relations and improve the electrosynthesis of CH.

Job satisfaction among primary care physicians in western China.

Background: There has been great shortage of primary care physicians (PCPs) in China, especially in western areas. Job satisfaction plays a great role in retaining people. The aim of this study is to investigate the job satisfaction of PCPs and associated factors in 11 provinces of western China, thus providing necessary reference values for stabilizing the primary care workforce and improving the quality of primary care services.

Associations between maternal calcium intake from diet and supplements during pregnancy and the risk of preterm birth in a Chinese population.

Background/objectives: Preterm birth is a global public health priority related to maternal nutrition. The effect of maternal calcium intake during pregnancy on preterm birth is inconclusive and data is lacking in China. We aimed to estimate the role of calcium intake from diet and supplements on preterm birth in the Chinese population.

Maternal exposure to low-to-medium altitude and birth outcomes: evidence from a population-based study in Chinese newborns.

Despite high altitude was implicated in adverse birth outcomes, there remained a paucity of evidence on low-to-medium altitude effect. This study aimed to explore the association of low-to-medium altitude with birth outcomes. A population-based cross-sectional survey was performed using a stratified multistage random sampling method among women with their infants born during 2010-2013 in Northwestern China.

Maternal folic acid supplementation and more prominent birth weight gain in twin birth compared with singleton birth: a cross-sectional study in northwest China.

Objective: To investigate the association of folic acid (FA) supplementation with birth weight, the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) and low birth weight (LBW) in singleton and twin pregnancy.

Design: A population-based cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Twenty counties and ten districts in Shaanxi Province of northwestern China, 2013.