Mechanism of Shenfu Injection in Treating Ischemic Stroke Elucidated using Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.

Background: Shenfu injection was derived from the classical Chinese medicine formula 'Shenfu decoction', which was widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in clinical practice.

Objectives: Predict the main active ingredients, core targets, and related signaling pathways of Shenfu injection in the treatment of ischemic stroke.

Methods: Databases were used to collect the active ingredients and target information of Shenfu injection; GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the David database.

Single-cell RNA sequencing unveils Lrg1's role in cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury by modulating various cells.

Background And Purpose: Cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury causes significant harm to human health and is a major contributor to stroke-related deaths worldwide. Current treatments are limited, and new, more effective prevention and treatment strategies that target multiple cell components are urgently needed. Leucine-rich alpha-2 glycoprotein 1 (Lrg1) appears to be associated with the progression of cerebral ischemia‒reperfusion injury, but the exact mechanism of it is unknown.

Therapeutic effects and mechanism of Atractylodis rhizoma in acute lung injury: Investigation based on an Integrated approach.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by an excessive inflammatory response. (Thunb.) DC.

Protective Effects of Rhizoma on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via TLR4/NF-κB and Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways In Vitro and In Vivo.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a syndrome caused by an excessive inflammatory response characterized by intractable hypoxemia both inside and outside the lung, for which effective therapeutic drugs are lacking. , a traditional Chinese medicine, has excellent anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties in addition to protecting the integrity of the cellular barrier. However, few studies of for the treatment of ALI have been published, and its mechanism of action remains unclear.

Deep-fried Atractylodes lancea rhizome alleviates spleen deficiency diarrhea-induced short-chain fatty acid metabolic disorder in mice by remodeling the intestinal flora.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. is a Chinese herb that has been commonly used to treat spleen-deficiency diarrhea (SDD) in China for over a thousand years.

Preventive effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma extract on DSS-induced acute ulcerative colitis through the regulation of the MAPK/NF-κB signals in vivo and in vitro.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. is traditionally used as a folk medicine for treating gastrointestinal diseases in China.

Atractylodin Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Alleviating Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Inhibiting Inflammatory Response Through the MAPK Pathway.

In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanism of atractylodin (ATL) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. We found that atractylodin could significantly reverse the effects of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, such as weight loss, disease activity index score; shorten the colon length, and reverse the pathological changes in the colon of mice. Atractylodin could inhibit the activation of colonic macrophages by inhibiting the MAPK pathway and alleviate intestinal inflammation in the mouse model of ulcerative colitis.

Treatment of Spleen-Deficiency Syndrome With Atractyloside A From Bran-Processed by Protection of the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier.

(Thunb.) DC. (AL) is used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of spleen-deficiency syndrome (SDS).

Atractylodes oil alleviates diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by regulating intestinal inflammation and intestinal barrier via SCF/c-kit and MLCK/MLC2 pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. is a widely used traditional herb that is well known for treating spleen deficiency and diarrhea.

Endothelial Conditional Knockdown of NMMHC IIA (Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIA) Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Damage During Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Background And Purpose: In ischemic stroke, breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) aggravates brain damage. Endothelial detachment contributes to BBB disruption and neurovascular dysfunction, but its regulation in stroke has yet to be clarified. We investigated the function of NMMHC IIA (nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA) in the endothelium on BBB breakdown and its potential mechanisms.

Pharmacogenetics of tamoxifen therapy in Asian populations: from genetic polymorphism to clinical outcomes.

Background: Compared with western countries, Asian breast cancer patients have unique pathological and biological characteristics. Most of them are premenopausal women with HR positive. Tamoxifen as the first-line drug for premenopausal women with HR+ is involved in multiple enzymes and transporters during metabolizing and transporting process.

[Study on dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma based on theory of dry-dry and dryness-induced Yin deficiency].

In order to establish a more perfect evaluation system for dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma, determine the main dry parts of Atractylodis Rhizoma，and further define the mechanism of stir-baked Atractylodis Rhizoma in reducing the dryness. The healthy rats were given with different doses of water extract and volatile oil of raw Atractylodis Rhizoma and stir-baked Atractylodis Rhizoma for 21 days. Based on the theory of the dry-dry and dryness-induced Yin deficiency, the amount of drinking water, tissue morphology of submandibular glands, urine volume and the expression of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in the kidneys, as well as blood rheology, ratio of cAMP/cGMP in serum and the content of Na⁺-K⁺-ATP enzyme were selected as the evaluation indexes.

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection Protects against Ischemic Stroke via Inhibiting Neuronal Apoptosis and PKC/Drp1-Mediated Excessive Mitochondrial Fission.

YiQiFuMai (YQFM) powder injection has been reported to be used in cardiovascular and nervous system diseases with marked efficacy. However, as a treatment against diseases characterized by hypoxia, lassitude, and asthenia, the effects and underlying mechanisms of YQFM in neuronal mitochondrial function and dynamics have not been fully elucidated. Here, we demonstrated that YQFM inhibited mitochondrial apoptosis and activation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) in cerebral ischemia-injured rats, producing a significant improvement in cerebral infarction and neurological score.

Myosin IIA-related Actomyosin Contractility Mediates Oxidative Stress-induced Neuronal Apoptosis.

Oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis plays an important role in the progression of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. In our study, when neuronal cells were exposed to hydrogen peroxide (HO), an exogenous oxidant, cell apoptosis was observed with typical morphological changes including membrane blebbing, neurite retraction and cell contraction. The actomyosin system is considered to be responsible for the morphological changes, but how exactly it regulates oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis and the distinctive functions of different myosin II isoforms remain unclear.

Ginsenoside Rg1 Protects against Oxidative Stress-induced Neuronal Apoptosis through Myosin IIA-actin Related Cytoskeletal Reorganization.

Oxidative stress-induced cytoskeletal dysfunction of neurons has been implicated as a crucial cause of cell apoptosis or death in the central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. The application of neuroprotectants rescuing the neurons from cytoskeletal damage and apoptosis can be a potential treatment for these CNS diseases. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), one of the major active components of ginseng, has been reported possessing notable neuroprotective activities.

Ruscogenin Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction by Suppressing TXNIP/NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and the MAPK Pathway.

Ruscogenin, an important steroid sapogenin derived from Ophiopogon japonicus, has been shown to inhibit cerebral ischemic injury. However, its potential molecular action on blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction after stroke remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ruscogenin on BBB dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R)-injured mice and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)-injured mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.

A combination of four effective components derived from Sheng-mai san attenuates hydrogen peroxide-induced injury in PC12 cells through inhibiting Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.

The present study was designed to investigate whether a combination of four effective components derived from Sheng-mai san (SMXZF; ginsenoside Rb1: ginsenoside Rg1: DT-13: Schizandrol A as 6 : 9 : 4 : 5) could attenuate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury in PC12 cells, focusing on the Akt and MAPK pathways . The PC12 cells were exposed to H2O2 (400 μmol·L(-1)) for 1 h in the presence or absence of SMXZF pre-treatment for 24 h. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay.

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection Ameliorates Cerebral Ischemia by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Neuronal Apoptosis.

YiQiFuMai (YQFM) powder injection as a modern preparation derived from Sheng Mai San, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, its neuroprotective effect and underlying mechanism in cerebral ischemia remain to be explored. The present study was designed to investigate the neuroprotective effect of YQFM on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated neuronal apoptosis in the permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion- (MCAO-) injured mice and the oxygen-glucose deprivation- (OGD-) induced pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells.

Migration-inducing gene 7 promotes tumorigenesis and angiogenesis and independently predicts poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Epithelial ovarian carcinomas (EOC) cause more mortality than any other cancer of the female reproductive system. New therapeutic approaches to reduce EOC mortality have been largely unsuccessful due to the poor understanding of the mechanisms underlying EOC proliferation and metastasis. Progress in EOC treatment is further hampered by a lack of reliable prognostic biomarkers for early risk assessment.

YiQiFuMai Powder Injection ameliorates the oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced brain microvascular endothelial barrier dysfunction associated with the NF-κB and ROCK1/MLC signaling pathways.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: YiQiFuMai Powder Injection (YQFM) is a modern preparation derived from Sheng-mai San, a traditional Chinese prescription, widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, its potential molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Aim Of The Study: The present study was designed to observe the effect of YQFM on oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced the brain microvascular endothelial barrier dysfunction and to explore the underlying pathways in vitro.

Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission and NOX2 Expression Prevent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in the Endothelium: The Role of Corosolic Acid Action in the Amelioration of Endothelial Dysfunction.

Aims: Corosolic acid (CRA) is a natural triterpenoid with antioxidative activity. This study was designed to elucidate the mechanism through which CRA protected vessel endothelial homeostasis by combating oxidative stress.

Results: In endothelial cells, CRA induced dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) phosphorylation at Ser637 and thus inhibited mitochondrial fission in response to oxidative stress.

YiQiFuMai powder injection ameliorates blood-brain barrier dysfunction and brain edema after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice.

YiQiFuMai powder injection (YQFM) is a modern preparation derived from the traditional Chinese medicine Sheng-Mai-San. YQFM is widely used in clinical practice in the People's Republic of China, mainly for the treatment of microcirculatory disturbance-related diseases. However, little is known about its role in animals with ischemic stroke.

Identification of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine as novel biomarkers for cervical cancers in a prospective cohort study.

Metabolites are the end products of cellular regulatory processes. Squamous cervical cancer (SCC) can alter the level of certain small molecular metabolite in plasma through modulating gene expression. In this study, we identified two metabolites, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), which are significantly down- and upregulated in plasma of SCC as compared to uterine fibroid (UF) patients via ultra-performance liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).