Free nitrous acid prediction in ANAMMOX process using hybrid deep neural network model.

Free nitrous acid (FNA) is a critical metric for stabilization of ANAMMOX but can not be directly and immediately measured by sensors or chemical measurement method, which hinders the effective management and operation for ANAMMOX. This study focuses on FNA prediction using hybrid model based on temporal convolutional network (TCN) combined with attention mechanism (AM) optimized by multiobjective tree-structured parzen estimator (MOTPE), called MOTPE-TCNA. A case study in an ANAMMOX reactor is carried out.

Accurate prediction and further dissection of neonicotinoid elimination in the water treatment by CTS@AgBC using multihead attention-based convolutional neural network combined with the time-dependent Cox regression model.

Imidacloprid (IMI), as the most widely used neonicotinoid insecticide, poses a serious threat to the water ecosystem due to the inefficient elimination in the traditional water treatment. Chitosan (CTS)-stabilized biochar (BC)-supported Ag nanoparticles (CTS@AgBC) are applied to eliminate the IMI in the water treatment effectively. Batch experiments depict that the modification of BC by CTS and Ag nanoparticles remarkably improve its adsorption performance.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis 19-kDa lipoprotein induces Toll-like receptor 2-dependent peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression and promotes inflammatory responses in human macrophages.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) enhances its survival in macrophages by suppressing immune responses, in part through its complex cell wall structures. M.

[The effects of curcumin on the 19 000 Mycobacterium tuberculosis protein-induced inflammatory and apoptotic reaction and the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases in WBC264-9C macrophages].

Objective: By using the cell wall component of Mycobacterium tuberculosis 19 000 lipoprotein (P19) and curcumin (CUR) acting on the human macrophage cell line WBC264-9C, and by the blocking of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) signaling pathway, we wanted to investigate the effect of curcumin on P19-induced inflammatory responses and apoptosis in human macrophages and the potential underlying molecular mechanisms.

Methods: P19 and CUR were used to stimulate human macrophages for 48 h. Their effects on growth inhibition and on apoptosis in macrophages were observed.

Diagnostic accuracy of intracellular mycobacterium tuberculosis detection for tuberculous meningitis.

Rationale: Early diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis saves lives, but current laboratory diagnostic tests lack sensitivity.

Objectives: We investigated whether the detection of intracellular bacteria by a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain and early secretory antigen target (ESAT)-6 in cerebrospinal fluid leukocytes improves tuberculous meningitis diagnosis.

Methods: Cerebrospinal fluid specimens from patients with suspected tuberculous meningitis were stained by conventional Ziehl-Neelsen stain, a modified Ziehl-Neelsen stain involving cytospin slides with Triton processing, and an ESAT-6 immunocytochemical stain.