[Comparison on pharmacokinetics of six active components of Tripterygium wilfordii Polyglycosides Tablets between normal rats and rat model of adjuvant arthritis].

This work aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of six major blood-entering components(triptolide, triptophenolide, wilforgine, wilforine, tripterine, and wilforlide A) in Tripterygium wilfordii Polyglycosides Tablets(TWPT) between normal rats and the rat model of adjuvant arthritis, which was established by injection of Freund's complete adjuvant. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) was employed to determine the content of six main components in the serum samples of normal and arthritic rats after administration of TWPT, and the pharmacokinetics of the six components were compared between normal and model rats. The specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, extraction recovery and matrix effect of the established LC-MS method all met the requirements.

Long-term stability of comammox Nitrospira under weakly acidic conditions and their acid-adaptive mechanisms revealed by genome-centric metatranscriptomics.

Despite their widespread presence in acidic environments, the stability and adaptative mechanisms of complete ammonia oxidization (comammox) bacteria remain poorly understood. In this three-year study, comammox Nitrospira consistently dominated both abundance and activity in an acidic nitrifying reactor (pH = 6.3-6.

Lattice Regularization by Manipulating Over-Stoichiometric Defects Yields High-Performance (Bi,Sb)Te Thermoelectrics.

BiTe-based alloys have historically dominated the commercial sector of near-ambient-temperature thermoelectric technology. However, the massive intrinsic defects form the "donor-like" effect and affect the transport properties of BiSbTe significantly. Here, it is demonstrated that the over-stoichiometric Sb fills Te vacancies and weakens the defect scattering, resulting in a desirable carrier mobility.

Plateau-Rayleigh Instability in Soft-Lattice Inorganic Solids.

Plateau-Rayleigh instability─a macroscopic phenomenon describing the volume-constant breakup of one-dimensional continuous fluids─has now been widely observed in adatoms, liquids, polymers, and liquid metals. This instability enables controlled wetting-dewetting behavior at fluid-solid interfaces and, thereby, the self-limited patterning into ordered structures. However, it has yet to be observed in conventional inorganic solids, as the rigid lattices restrict their "fluidity".

High density lath twins lead to high thermoelectric conversion efficiency in BiTe modules.

Thermoelectric (TE) generators based on bismuth telluride (BiTe) are recognized as a credible solution for low-grade heat harvesting. In this study, an combinative doping strategy of both the donor (Ag) and the acceptor (Ga) in AgGaTe as dopants is developed to modulate the microstructure and improve the value of p-type BiSbTe. Specifically, the distribution of Ag and Ga in the matrix synergistically introduces multiple phonon scattering centers including lath twins, triple junction boundaries, and Sb-rich nanoprecipitates, leading to an obviously suppressed lattice thermal conductivity of 0.

Effect of glyceryl monopalmitate on the gelatinization, rheological and retrogradation properties of Japonica rice starch.

Background: Starch-based food is easy to retrograde during cold storage after gelatinization, which leads to quality fission and a relatively short shelf life. Some lipids can effectively enhance the storage stability of starch gels by the formation of starch-lipid complexes. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of glyceryl monopalmitate (GMP) on gelatinization, rheological and retrogradation properties of Japonica rice starch (JS) at different conditions and to analyze the correlation between the physical-chemical properties and structural characteristics of the JS-GMP complex.

Characterizing and Engineering Rhamnose-Inducible Regulatory Systems for Dynamic Control of Metabolic Pathways in .

Fine-tuning gene expression is of great interest for synthetic biotechnological applications. This is particularly true for the genus , which is well-known as a prolific producer of diverse natural products. Currently, there is an increasing demand to develop effective gene induction systems.

Deep Integration of Fiber-Optic Communication and Sensing Systems Using Forward-Transmission Distributed Vibration Sensing and on-off Keying.

The deep integration of communication and sensing technology in fiber-optic systems has been highly sought after in recent years, with the aim of rapid and cost-effective large-scale upgrading of existing communication cables in order to monitor ocean activities. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, a high-degree of compatibility was shown between forward-transmission distributed fiber-optic vibration sensing and an on-off keying (OOK)-based communication system. This type of deep integration allows distributed sensing to utilize the optical fiber communication cable, wavelength channel, optical signal and demodulation receiver.

Effect of High-Pressure Torsion Temperatures on the Precipitation and Properties of Cu-Cr Alloy.

This study examines the impact of high-pressure torsion (HPT) processing at various temperatures on the precipitation behavior of Cu-Cr alloys. The introduction of defects through HPT is observed to promote the precipitation of Cr atoms. Unlike the traditional large-scale precipitation that typically occurs around 400 °C, HPT can induce the precipitation of solute atoms even at room temperature.

Curcumin alleviates osteoarthritis in mice by suppressing osteoclastogenesis in subchondral bone via inhibiting NF-κB/JNK signaling pathway.

This study explored the mechanism of curcumin (CUR) suppressing osteoclastogenesis and evaluated its effects on osteoarthritis (OA) mouse. Bone marrow-derived macrophages were isolated as osteoclast precursors. In the presence or absence of CUR, cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8, osteoclastogenesis was detected by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, F-actin rings formation was detected by immunofluorescence, bone resorption was detected by bone slices, IκBα, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were detected using western blot, osteoclastogenesis-related gens were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Polytypic metal chalcogenide nanocrystals.

By engineering chemically identical but structurally distinct materials into intricate and sophisticated polytypic nanostructures, which often surpass their pure phase objects and even produce novel physical and chemical properties, exciting applications in the fields of photovoltaics, electronics and photocatalysis can be achieved. In recent decades, various methods have been developed for synthesizing a library of polytypic nanocrystals encompassing IV, III-V and II-VI polytypic semiconductors. The exceptional performances of polytypic metal chalcogenide nanocrystals have been observed, making them highly promising candidates for applications in photonics and electronics.

Ultra-Stretchable Composite Organohydrogels Polymerized Based on MXene@Tannic Acid-Ag Autocatalytic System for Highly Sensitive Wearable Sensors.

Conductive hydrogels have attracted widespread attention in the fields of biomedicine and health monitoring. However, their practical application is severely hindered by the lengthy and energy-intensive polymerization process and weak mechanical properties. Here, a rapid polymerization method of polyacrylic acid/gelatin double-network organohydrogel is designed by integrating tannic acid (TA) and Ag nanoparticles on conductive MXene nanosheets as catalyst in a binary solvent of water and glycerol, requiring no external energy input.

Grain Manipulation by Annealing Treatment Realizes High-Performance N-Type BiTeSe Thermoelectric Material and Device.

BiTe-based materials play a crucial role in solid cooling and power generation, but the rapidly deteriorated ZT with rising temperatures above 450 K severely limits further applications. Here, this paper reports a novel preparation method of annealing treatment for molten ingot, which can enhance the thermoelectric performance of n-type BiTeSe in a wide temperature range. Instead of conventional halides, copper is adopted to regulate the carrier concentration and grain size to optimal levels.

Caspase-4 in glioma indicates deterioration and unfavorable prognosis by affecting tumor cell proliferation and immune cell recruitment.

Gliomas are the most common malignant tumors of the central nervous system, accounting for approximately 80% of all malignant brain tumors. Accumulating evidence suggest that pyroptosis plays an essential role in the progression of cancer. Unfortunately, the effect of the pyroptosis-related factor caspase-4 (CASP4) on immunotherapy and drug therapy for tumors has not been comprehensively investigated.

Peripheral Injection of hUC-MSCs in the Treatment of Acute Liver Failure: A Pre-Clinical Cohort Study in Rhesus Monkeys.

Background: Using a toxin-induced lethal acute liver failure (ALF) monkey model, we have recently shown that early peripheral infusion of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) can alleviate liver damage and improve animal survival by suppressing the activation of circulating monocytes and the subsequent cytokine storm. Here, we explored whether the administration of hUC-MSCs could still improve ALF when the cytokine storm is fully developed.

Method: We treated ALF monkeys with peripheral delivery of hUC-MSCs at 48 hr after toxin challenge.

Orthogonal Deprotection of Photolabile Protecting Groups and Its Application in Oligosaccharide Synthesis.

We herein report for the first time the inter- and intramolecular orthogonal cleavage of two -nitrobenzyl (NB) analogues. It is shown that the nitroveratryl (NV) group can be photolyzed with high priority when NV and -nitrobenzyl carbonate (NBC) are used together as the protecting groups of glycans. Notably, the photolytic products could be used directly in the subsequent glycosylation without further purification.

Microbially mediated sulfur oxidation coupled with arsenate reduction within oligotrophic mining-impacted habitats.

Arsenate [As(V)] reduction is a major cause of arsenic (As) release from soils, which threatens more than 200 million people worldwide. While heterotrophic As(V) reduction has been investigated extensively, the mechanism of chemolithotrophic As(V) reduction is less studied. Since As is frequently found as a sulfidic mineral in the environment, microbial mediated sulfur oxidation coupled to As(V) reduction (SOAsR), a chemolithotrophic process, may be more favorable in sites impacted by oligotrophic mining (e.

Repetitive traumatic brain injury-induced complement C1-related inflammation impairs long-term hippocampal neurogenesis.

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202503000-00027/figure1/v/2024-06-17T092413Z/r/image-tiff Repetitive traumatic brain injury impacts adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus, leading to long-term cognitive impairment. However, the mechanism underlying this neurogenesis impairment remains unknown.

Beyond Conventional Enhancements: Self-Organization of a Buffer Material on Tin Oxide as a Game-Changer for Improving the Performance of Inverted Organic Solar Cells.

Inverted organic solar cells (OSCs) have garnered significant interest due to their remarkable stability. In this study, the efficiency and stability of inverted OSCs are enhanced via the in situ self-organization (SO) of an interfacial modification material Phen-NaDPO onto tin oxide (SnO). During the device fabrication, Phen-NaDPO is spin-coated with the active materials all together on SnO.

Mechanism of acoustic pressure spectrum shifting toward lower frequencies in applied current thermoacoustic imaging.

. Thermoacoustic tomography (TAT) is a promising imaging technique used for early cancer diagnosis, tumor therapy, animal study and brain imaging. Although it is widely known that the TAT frequency response depends on the pulse width of the source and the size of the object, a thorough comprehension of the quantitative frequency modulation in TAT and the mechanism governing the shift in the thermoacoustic pressure spectrum towards lower frequencies with respect to the excitation source is still lacking.

Insulin-like growth factor-1 promotes the testicular sperm production by improving germ cell survival and proliferation in high-fat diet-treated male mice.

Background: A decrease in semen volume among men is comparable to the rising prevalence of obesity worldwide. The anabolic hormone insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) can promote proliferation and differentiation in cultured mouse spermatogonial stem cells and alleviate abnormal in vitro spermatogenesis. Additionally, serum IGF-1 level is negatively correlated with body mass index.