Screening of tumor antigens and immunogenic cell death landscapes of prostate adenocarcinoma for exploration of mRNA vaccine.

Background: In this study, effective antigens of mRNA vaccine were excavated from the perspective of ICD, and ICD subtypes of PRAD were further distinguished to establish an ICD landscape, thereby determining suitable vaccine recipients.

Research Design And Methods: TCGA and MSKCC databases were applied to acquire RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data of 554 and 131 patients, respectively. GEPIA was employed to measure prognostic indices.

Androgen receptor deficiency-induced TUG1 in suppressing ferroptosis to promote benign prostatic hyperplasia through the miR-188-3p/GPX4 signal pathway.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterized by the non-malignant enlargement of the prostate, exhibits a pronounced association with inflammation resulting from androgen receptor (AR) deficiency. Ferroptosis, a cell death mechanism triggered by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and closely linked to inflammation, has yet to be fully understood in the context of BPH. Using RNA sequencing, we observed a significant elevation of taurine-upregulated gene 1 (TUG1) long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in BPH tissues compared to normal prostate tissue.

Melittin inhibits tumor cell migration and enhances cisplatin sensitivity by suppressing IL-17 signaling pathway gene LCN2 in castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: Melittin is a small molecule polypeptide extracted from the abdominal cavity of bees, which is used to treat inflammatory diseases and relieve pain. However, the antitumor effect of melittin and its mechanisms remain unclear, especially in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).

Methods: Through CCK-8 assay, colony formation assay, wound healing assay and Transwell migration assay, we explored the effect of melittin on CRPC cell lines.

Artificial intelligence for the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer based on multimodal data: a multicenter study.

Background: The introduction of multiparameter MRI and novel biomarkers has greatly improved the prediction of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa). However, decision-making regarding prostate biopsy and prebiopsy examinations is still difficult. We aimed to establish a quick and economic tool to improve the detection of csPCa based on routinely performed clinical examinations through an automated machine learning platform (AutoML).

Hybridized Chain Reaction-Amplified Alkaline Phosphatase-Induced Ag-Shell Nanostructure for the Sensitive and Rapid Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Immunoassay of Exosomes.

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles that can be utilized as noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other diseases. This study reports on a strategy involving a hybridized chain reaction-amplified chain coupled with an alkaline phosphatase-induced Ag-shell nanostructure for the ultrasensitive and rapid surface-enhanced Raman scattering immunoassay of exosomes. Exosomes from prostate cancer were captured using prostate-specific membrane antigen aptamer-modified magnetic beads; then, the hybridized chain reaction-amplified chain was released, incorporating a large number of functional moieties with signal amplification effects.

Molecular Mechanisms of Noncoding RNA in the Occurrence of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Although several therapeutic options have been shown to improve survival of most patients with prostate cancer, progression to castration-refractory state continues to present challenges in clinics and scientific research. As a highly heterogeneous disease entity, the mechanisms of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) are complicated and arise from multiple factors. Among them, noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), the untranslated part of the human transcriptome, are closely related to almost all biological regulation, including tumor metabolisms, epigenetic modifications and immune escape, which has encouraged scientists to investigate their role in CRPC.

Long-term outcomes of cryoablation for biopsy-proven T1 stage renal cell carcinoma.

Background: To summarize our clinical experience of cryoablation in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) of Chinese population and to evaluate the long-term outcomes of laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) cryoablation (LCA) as well as percutaneous CT-guided cryoablation (PCA) for biopsy-proven T1a and T1b RCC.

Methods: This was a multi-center, retrospective study investigating T1 stage RCC patients from 2011 to 2021. The patients were treated by LCA or PCA according to individual situation.

Identification of Metabolism-Related Gene-Based Subgroup in Prostate Cancer.

Prostate cancer is still the main male health problem in the world. The role of metabolism in the occurrence and development of prostate cancer is becoming more and more obvious, but it is not clear. Here we firstly identified a metabolism-related gene-based subgroup in prostate cancer.

Comprehensive Analysis of m5C Methylation Regulatory Genes and Tumor Microenvironment in Prostate Cancer.

Background: 5-Methylcytidine (m5C) methylation is an emerging epigenetic modification in recent years, which is associated with the development and progression of various cancers. However, the prognostic value of m5C regulatory genes and the correlation between m5C methylation and the tumor microenvironment (TME) in prostate cancer remain unknown.

Methods: In the current study, the genetic and transcriptional alterations and prognostic value of m5C regulatory genes were investigated in The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus datasets.

OTUD6A promotes prostate tumorigenesis via deubiquitinating Brg1 and AR.

Ovarian tumor (OTU) subfamily deubiquitinases are involved in various cellular processes, such as inflammation, ferroptosis and tumorigenesis; however, their pathological roles in prostate cancer (PCa) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we observed that several OTU members displayed genomic amplification in PCa, among which ovarian tumor deubiquitinase 6A (OTUD6A) amplified in the top around 15-20%. Further clinical investigation showed that the OTUD6A protein was highly expressed in prostate tumors, and increased OTUD6A expression correlated with a higher biochemical recurrence risk after prostatectomy.

Ultrasensitive Analysis of Exosomes Using a 3D Self-Assembled Nanostructured SiO Microfluidic Chip.

Conventional microfluidics with a solid mixer for exosome detection is constrained by the low binding efficiency of the solid-liquid boundary effects and reduced sensitivity of individual markers. Here, we report a 3D-SiO porous chip that combines nanoscale porous characteristics and multiple exosome specific markers to greatly improve the sensitivity for biosensing. The lower limit of detection was 220 particles/μL exosomes in PBS.

Tumor microenvironment pH-responsive pentagonal gold prism-based nanoplatform for multimodal imaging and combined therapy of castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Given that there is lack of effective therapies for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the combination of photothermal (PTT), photodynamic (PDT), and chemical therapy (CT) has emerged as a prominent strategy. Tumor-targeted delivery and controlled release of antitumor drug are key-elements of any combined therapy. Considering these important elements, we designed and constructed tumor microenvironment (TME)-activated nanoprobes (PGP/CaCO@IR820/DTX-HA).

SNP-mediated lncRNA-ENTPD3-AS1 upregulation suppresses renal cell carcinoma via miR-155/HIF-1α signaling.

Over the last decade, more than 10 independent SNPs have been discovered to be associated with the risk of renal cell carcinoma among different populations. However, the biological functions of them remain poorly understood. In this study, we performed eQTL analysis, ChIP-PCR, luciferase reporter assay, and Cox regression analysis to identify the functional role and underlying mechanism of rs67311347 in RCC.

Microfluidic Raman biochip detection of exosomes: a promising tool for prostate cancer diagnosis.

Tumor-derived exosomes, which contain RNA, DNA, and proteins, are a potentially rich non-invasive source of biomarkers. However, no efficient isolation or detection methods are yet available. Here, we developed a microfluidic Raman biochip designed to isolate and analyze exosomes in situ.

LPCAT1 enhances castration resistant prostate cancer progression via increased mRNA synthesis and PAF production.

Our previously study shown that Lysophosphatidylcholine Acyltransferase1 (LPCAT1) is overexpressed in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) relative to primary prostate cancer (PCa), and androgen controls its expression via the Wnt signaling pathway. While highly expressed in CRPC, the role of LPCAT1 remains unclear. In vitro cell experiments referred to cell transfection, mutagenesis, proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle progression and apoptosis, Western blotting, Pulse-chase RNA labeling.

LINC02738 Participates in the Development of Kidney Cancer Through the miR-20b/Sox4 Axis.

Background: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can affect tumorigenesis. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCAG) suggest that is highly expressed in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is expected to be a potential biological target. We conducted this study to verify this.

Evaluation of prostate cancer based on MALDI-TOF MS fingerprinting of nanoparticle-treated serum proteins/peptides.

The serum MALDI-TOF MS spectrum includes signals for serum proteins and peptides between 1000 and 12,000 Da in size, presenting a fingerprint-like pattern. However, whole serum MALDI-TOF MS signals are complex and prejudiced for data analysis. Pre-treatment with specific nanomaterials can simplify the mass spectrum while retaining the characteristics of the fingerprint pattern.

Fluorescent polymer dots and graphene oxide based nanocomplexes for "off-on" detection of metalloproteinase-9.

Numerous studies have demonstrated that cancer-related matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is an ideal biomarker for cancer diagnosis. However, most MMP-9 detection methods are expensive and time-consuming, and more convenient and specific MMP-9 detection methods are needed both clinically and in research. In the present study, peptide-linked polymer dots were assembled onto a graphene oxide surface to construct a graphene oxide-peptide-polymer dot (GO-Pep-Pdot) nanocomplex for sensitive, rapid, and accurate detection of MMP-9.

Urinary exosome miR-30c-5p as a biomarker of clear cell renal cell carcinoma that inhibits progression by targeting HSPA5.

Exosome-derived miRNAs are regarded as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of many human cancers. However, its function in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains unclear. In this study, differentially expressed miRNAs from urinal exosomes were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS) and verified using urine samples of ccRCC patients and healthy donors.

Unilateral Renal Tumor Cryoablation and Contralateral Radical Nephrectomy of Bilateral Renal Tumors by Transumbilical 3D Multichannel Laparoendoscopic Single-Site Surgery.

Unilateral renal tumor cryoablation and contralateral radical nephrectomy of bilateral renal tumors were performed by transumbilical three-dimensional (3D) multichannel laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) surgery, in an attempt to verify the feasibility and safety of the procedure, sum up the operational experience, and evaluate the surgical outcome. This was a 47-year-old female patient with a body mass index of 27.34 kg/m without backache, low back pain, hematuria, urinary urgency, frequent urination, dysuria, and other symptoms.

Caspase polymorphisms and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The aim of our study was to determine the impact of genetic polymorphisms in the caspase (CASP) genes on prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We genotyped 7 potentially functional polymorphisms in CASP3, CASP7, CASP8, CASP9, CASP10 genes in 362 HCC patients of receiving surgical resection of HCC tumor. The associations of genotype and haplotype with overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) were analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazards model.

Performance of the Prostate Health Index in predicting prostate biopsy outcomes among men with a negative digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography.

The [-2]proPSA (p2PSA) and its derivatives, the p2PSA-to-free PSA ratio (%p2PSA), and the Prostate Health Index (PHI) have greatly improved discrimination between men with and without prostate cancer (PCa) in prostate biopsies. However, little is known about their performance in cases where a digital rectal examination (DRE) and transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) are negative. A prospective cohort of 261 consecutive patients in China with negative DRE and TRUS were recruited and underwent prostate biopsies.

MiR-608 rs4919510 is associated with prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered potential markers for risk and prognosis of various cancers. In the current study, we aimed to determine whether miR-608 rs4919510 affected hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis. We genotyped rs4919510 using DNA from blood samples of 362 HCC patients receiving surgical resection of HCC tumor.