Broiler litter moisture and trace metals contribute to the persistence of strains that harbor large plasmids carrying siderophores.

Broiler litter sampling has proven to be an effective method for determining the status of a broiler chicken flock and understanding the ecology of prior to harvest. In this study, we investigated the ecology of within the litter ( = 224) from two commercial broiler houses in the United States. We employed culture enrichment methods and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to determine the prevalence and load of and utilized antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to characterize select isolates.

Automatic analysis of high, medium, and low activities of broilers with heat stress operations via image processing and machine learning.

Heat stress is a major welfare problem in the poultry industry, altering broilers' activity levels. Advancements in image processing and machine learning provide opportunities to automatically quantify and analyze broiler activity. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of moderate heat exposure on broiler behavioral activity via image processing and machine learning.

Hawthorn total flavonoids ameliorate hyperlipidemia through AMPK/SREBP1-c and PPARα/PGC-1α/CPT-1A pathway activation and gut microbiota modulation.

Background: The increased prevalence of hyperlipidemia significantly affects human health worldwide. Although drug treatment is very effective, the harm to the human body cannot be ignored. Improvement of lipid metabolism by natural medicinal and food homologous products is an effective approach to ameliorate hyperlipidemia and it has gradually become a research focus.

A survey of open-access datasets for computer vision in precision poultry farming.

Computer vision has progressively advanced precision poultry farming. Despite this substantial increase in research activity, computer vision in precision poultry farming still lacks large-scale, open-access datasets with consistent evaluation metrics and baselines, which makes it challenging to reproduce and validate comparisons of different approaches. Since 2019, several image/video datasets have been published and open-accessed to alleviate the issue of dataset scarcity.

Association between handgrip strength and mortality risk among cardiovascular disease patients: A cohort study from the NHANES 2011-2014.

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and handgrip strength (HGS) are recognized mortality risk factors. However, the synergistic effect of CVD and HGS on mortality remains unclear. This study investigated the relationship between HGS and mortality in CVD patients.

Development and validation of machine-learning models for monitoring individual behaviors in group-housed broiler chickens.

Animals' individual behavior is commonly monitored by live or video observation by a person. This can be labor intensive and inconsistent. An alternative is the use of machine learning-based computer vision systems.

LOXL2-induced PEAR1 Ser891 phosphorylation suppresses CD44 degradation and promotes triple-negative breast cancer metastasis.

CD44 is associated with a high risk of metastasis, recurrence, and drug resistance in various cancers. Here we report that platelet endothelial aggregation receptor 1 (PEAR1) is a CD44 chaperone protein that protected CD44 from endocytosis-mediated degradation and enhances cleavage of the CD44 intracellular domain (CD44-ICD). Furthermore, we found that lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2), an endogenous ligand of PEAR1, bound to the PEAR1-EMI domain and facilitated the interaction between PEAR1 and CD44 by inducing PEAR1 Ser891 phosphorylation in a manner that was independent of its enzyme activity.

Light-Controlled Regulation of Dual-Enzyme Properties in YbGd-Carbon Quantum Dots Nano-Hybrid for Advanced Biosensing.

Compared to nanozymes with single enzyme activity, those with multiple enzyme activities possess broader application potential due to their diversified enzymatic functionalities. However, the multienzyme nanozymes currently face challenges of interference among different enzymatic activities during practical applications. In this study, we report the synthesis of a light-responsive YbGd-carbon quantum dots nano-hybrid, termed YbGd-CDs, which exhibits controllable enzyme-mimicking activities.

PHE1-based IgG-like antibody platform provides a novel strategy for enhanced T-cell immunotherapy.

Introduction: Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) can simultaneously target two epitopes of different antigenic targets, bringing possibilities for diversity in antibody drug design and are promising tools for the treatment of cancers and other diseases. T-cell engaging bsAb is an important application of the bispecific antibody, which could promote T cell-mediated tumor cell killing by targeting tumor-associated antigen (TAA) and CD3 at the same time.

Methods: This study comprised antibodies purification, Elisa assay for antigen binding, cytotoxicity assays, T cell activation by flow cytometry and xenogenic tumor model .

Roles of Nontraditional Lipid Parameters for Predicting Restenosis in Patients with Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis After Endovascular Treatment.

Purpose: Nontraditional lipid parameters are associated with intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) progression. This study aimed to investigate the association of nontraditional lipid parameters with the risk of restenosis in patients with ICAS after endovascular treatment (EVT).

Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled consecutive patients with symptomatic ICAS after successful EVT followed by at least 3 months of angiography.

Biomimetic Slippery Surface with Exclusive Liquid-Repellent and Self-Cleaning Properties for Antifouling.

The nature always offers amazing inspiration, where it is highly desirable to endow coatings on marine equipment with powerful functions. An excellent example is slippery zone of pitcher, which possesses novel liquid-repellent and self-cleaning performance. Therefore, this study presents an efficient fabrication method to prepare a novel coating.

The role of PALLD-STAT3 interaction in megakaryocyte differentiation and thrombocytopenia treatment.

Impaired differentiation of megakaryocytes constitutes the principal etiology of thrombocytopenia. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a crucial transcription factor in regulating megakaryocyte differentiation, however the precise mechanism of its activation remains unclear. PALLD, an actin-associated protein, has been increasingly recognized for its essential functions in multiple biological processes.

interaction of naphthoquine with ivermectin, atovaquone, curcumin, and ketotifen in the asexual blood stage of 3D7.

Unlabelled: Naphthoquine is a promising candidate for antimalarial combination therapy. Its combination with artemisinin has demonstrated excellent efficacy in clinical trials conducted across various malaria-endemic areas. A co-formulated combination of naphthoquine and azithromycin has also shown high clinical efficacy for malaria prophylaxis in Southeast Asia.

Efficacy of radiofrequency ablation vs. transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatic hemangiomas.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of large hepatic hemangiomas (LHH) (5-9.9 cm in diameter).

Methods And Materials: This study retrospectively collected data from 82 patients with LHH treated at Chaoyang Central Hospital.

A platinum glutamate acid complex as a peroxidase mimic: high activity, controllable chemical modification, and application in biosensors.

Recent strides in nanotechnology have given rise to nanozymes, nanomaterials designed to emulate enzymatic functions. Despite their promise, challenges such as batch-to-batch variability and limited atomic utilization persist. This study introduces Pt(Glu), a platinum glutamic acid complex, as a versatile small-molecule peroxidase mimic.

Metformin promotes the normalization of abnormal blood vessels after radiofrequency ablation deficiency in hepatocellular carcinoma by microRNA-302b-3p targeting thioredoxin-interacting protein.

Metformin has shown great promise in the treatment of HCC. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) deficiency results in recurrence and metastasis of remaining HCC tumors. Here, we aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of metformin in HCC after RFA deficiency.

Amino Pyridine Iodine as an Additive for Defect-Passivated Perovskite Solar Cells.

Defect passivation of the perovskite surface and grain boundary (GBs) has become a widely adopted approach to reduce charge recombination. Research has demonstrated that functional groups with Lewis acid or base properties can successfully neutralize trap states and limit nonradiative recombination. Unlike traditional Lewis acid-base organic molecules that only bind to a single anionic or cationic defect, zwitterions can passivate both anionic and cationic defects simultaneously.

pH-driven preparation of pea protein isolate-curcumin nanoparticles effectively enhances antitumor activity.

Soluble pea protein isolate-curcumin nanoparticles were successfully prepared at a novel pH combination, with encapsulation efficiency and drug loading amount of 95.69 ± 1.63 % and 32.

The compound artemisinin-hydroxychloroquine ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a lethal disease characterized by a progressive decline in lung function. Currently, lung transplantation remains the only available treatment for PF. However, both artemisinin (ART) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) possess potential antifibrotic properties.

Interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens under 8 stocking densities measured by integrative deep learning techniques.

Interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens provide quantitative measures to calculate and optimize space allocations for bird flocks. However, these metrics were often measured manually and have not been examined for different stocking densities of laying hens. The objectives of this study were to 1) integrate and develop several deep learning techniques to detect interindividual distances and orientations of laying hens; and 2) examine the 2 metrics under 8 stocking densities via the developed techniques.

Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and calcified aortic stenosis in elderly patients: a cross-sectional study.

Insulin resistance (IR) is associated with a variety of cardiovascular diseases, but there are few studies on the correlation between IR and calcified aortic stenosis (CAS). In this study, the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, which reflects IR, was used to investigate the correlation between IR and CAS. The study included 183 elderly patients who were diagnosed with CAS by transthoracic echocardiography.

Early Detection of Avian Diseases Based on Thermography and Artificial Intelligence.

Non-invasive measures have a critical role in precision livestock and poultry farming as they can reduce animal stress and provide continuous monitoring. Animal activity can reflect physical and mental states as well as health conditions. If any problems are detected, an early warning will be provided for necessary actions.