A novel molecular classification system based on the molecular feature score identifies patients sensitive to immune therapy and target therapy.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is heterogeneous and refractory with multidimensional features. This study aims to investigate its molecular classifications based on multidimensional molecular features scores (FSs) and support classification-guided precision medicine.

Methods: Data of bulk RNA sequencing, single nucleotide variation, and single-cell RNA sequencing were collected.

A Comparative Study of DC Beads, Callispheres and Multimodal Imaging Nano-Assembled Microspheres Loaded with Irinotecan in Vitro.

In recent years, the development of drug-eluting embolization beads that can be imaged has become a hot research topic in regard to meeting clinical needs. In our previous study, we successfully developed nano-assembled microspheres (NAMs) for multimodal imaging purposes. NAMs can not only be visualized under CT/MR/Raman imaging but can also load clinically required doses of doxorubicin.

Causality between multiple autoimmune disorders and migraine and its subtypes: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Several studies have reported associations between various autoimmune diseases and migraine. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), this study aimed to evaluate the interplay between autoimmune diseases and migraine.

Methods: Here, instrumental variables, exposure factors, and outcome factors for 10 common autoimmune diseases and migraine and its subtypes were screened.

Radiomics analysis based on contrast-enhanced MRI for predicting short-term efficacy of drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: We developed and validated a clinical-radiomics model for preoperative prediction of the short-term efficacy of initial drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization (D-TACE) treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study of 113 patients with intermediate and advanced HCC, 5343 features were extracted based on three sequences of the arterial phase (AP), diffusion-weighted imaging, and T2-weighted images based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and minimum redundancy maximum correlation and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression were applied for feature selection and model construction. Multifactor logistic regression was used to build a clinical-imaging model based on clinical factors and a clinical-radiomics model.

Influence of Immersion Time on the Frequency Domain Characteristics of Acoustic Emission Signals in Clayey Mineral Rocks.

The frequency domain characteristics of acoustic emission can reflect issues such as rock structure and stress conditions that are difficult to analyze in time domain parameters. Studying the influence of immersion time on the mechanical properties and acoustic emission frequency domain characteristics of muddy mineral rocks is of great significance for comprehensively analyzing rock changes under water-rock coupling conditions. In this study, uniaxial compression tests and acoustic emission tests were conducted on sandstones containing montmorillonite under dry, saturated, and different immersion time conditions, with a focus on analyzing the effect of immersion time on the dominant frequency of rock acoustic emission.

XCR1: A promising prognostic marker that pinpoints targeted and immune-based therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objectives: The lymphotactin receptor X-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (XCR1) is an essential member of the chemokine receptor family and is related to tumor development and progression. Nevertheless, further investigation is required to explore its expression patterns, prognostic values, and functions related to target or immune therapies in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials And Methods: The differential expression patterns of and its prognostic influences were performed through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases.

The curative efficacy of auricular comprehensive therapy on menstrual migraine and its effect on serum prostaglandin.

Objectives: To observe the curative efficacy of auricular comprehensive therapy on menstrual migraine(MM) and its effect on serum prostaglandin F2α(PGF), prostaglandin E2(PGE) contents and ratio, so as to explore its possible mechanism.

Methods: A total of 66 patients with MM of liver-fire syndrome were randomly divided into observation group (33 cases, 2 cases dropped off) and control group (33 cases, 2 cases dropped off), and 20 healthy women were included in the normal group. Patients in the control group were given flunarizine hydrochloride capsules orally, twice a day, for 3 consecutive weeks.

A Transformer-Based microvascular invasion classifier enhances prognostic stratification in HCC following radiofrequency ablation.

Background & Aims: We aimed to develop a Transformer-based deep learning (DL) network for prognostic stratification in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients undergoing RFA.

Methods: A Swin Transformer DL network was trained to establish associations between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) datasets and the ground truth of microvascular invasion (MVI) based on 696 surgical resection (SR) patients with solitary HCC ≤3 cm, and was validated in an external cohort (n = 180). The multiphase MRI-based DL risk outputs using an optimal threshold of .

Machine Learning Methods Based on CT Features Differentiate G1/G2 From G3 Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Rationale And Objectives: To identify CT features for distinguishing grade 1 (G1)/grade 2 (G2) from grade 3 (G3) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) using different machine learning (ML) methods.

Materials And Methods: A total of 147 patients with 155 lesions confirmed by pathology were retrospectively included. Clinical-demographic and radiological CT features was collected.

The efficacy and safety of cadonilimab combined with lenvatinib for first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (COMPASSION-08): a phase Ib/II single-arm clinical trial.

Purpose: This multicenter, open-label, phase Ib/II study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of cadonilimab, a humanized, tetravalent, bispecific antibody plus lenvatinib in first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC).

Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed aHCC were included to receive either 6 mg/kg cadonilimab every 2 weeks plus lenvatinib (cohort A) or 15 mg/kg cadonilimab every 3 weeks plus lenvatinib (cohort B). The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v1.

A novel dual-function SERS-based identification strategy for preliminary screening and accurate diagnosis of circulating tumor cells.

Non-specific adsorption of bioprobes based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technology inevitably endows white blood cells (WBC) in the peripheral blood with Raman signals, which greatly interfere the identification accuracy of circulating tumor cells (CTCs). In this study, an innovative strategy was proposed to effectively identify CTCs by using SERS technology assisted by a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Firstly, a magnetic FeO-Au complex SERS bioprobe was developed, which could effectively capture the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells and endow the tumor cells with distinct SERS signals.

Stimuli-Responsive Codelivery System Self-Assembled from Dynamic Covalent Reaction of Macrocyclic Disulfides for Cancer Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Chemotherapy.

Supramolecular self-assembly has gained increasing attention to construct multicomponent drug delivery systems for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Despite that these self-assembled nanosystems present surprising properties beyond that of each subcomponent, the spontaneous nature of co-self-assembly causes significant difficulties in control of the synthesis process and consequently leads to unsatisfactory influences in downstream applications. Hence, we utlized an dynamic covalent reaction based on thiol-disulfide exchange to slowly produce disulfide macrocycles, which subsequently triggered the co-self-assembly of an anticancer drug (doxorubicin, DOX) and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agent of ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles (IO NPs).

Radioactive I Seed Inhibits Cell Migration and Invasion and Promotes Apoptosis by Inactivating the VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway in Cholangiocarcinoma.

Objectives: To investigate the potential mechanisms of I seed implantation therapeutic treatment on inactivating the VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT pathway in cholangiocarcinoma.

Methods: The human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines HCCC-9810 and HuCCT1 were purchased for in vitro studies. The BALB/c nude mice were obtained for in vivo studies.

Quantitative analysis with multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography to evaluate residual tumor activity of hepatocellular carcinoma after DEB-TACE.

Most hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) treated by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with drug-eluting beads (DEB-TACE) are characterized by coagulation necrosis; therefore, it is often difficult to distinguish enhancement in the arterial phase that would lead to false negative evaluation. This study aimed to evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of the difference value of multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) in predicting residual tumor activity in HCC lesions after DEB-TACE. This retrospective diagnostic study analyzed CECT images of 73 HCC lesions in 57 patients 20 to 40 days (average 28 days) after DEB-TACE treatment at our Hospital from January to December 2019.

Phase 2 Study of the PD-1 Inhibitor Serplulimab plus the Bevacizumab Biosimilar HLX04 in Patients with Previously Treated Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Introduction: Current treatments for patients with previously treated advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) provide modest survival benefits. We evaluated the safety and antitumor activity of serplulimab, an anti-PD-1 antibody, plus the bevacizumab biosimilar HLX04 in this patient population.

Methods: In this open-label, multicenter, phase 2 study in China, patients with advanced HCC who failed prior systemic therapy received serplulimab 3 mg/kg plus HLX04 5 mg/kg (group A) or 10 mg/kg (group B) intravenously every 2 weeks.

Photosensitive small extracellular vesicles regulate the immune microenvironment of triple negative breast cancer.

Currently, the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is limited by the special pathological characteristics of this disease. In recent years, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has created new hope for the treatment of TNBC. Moreover, PDT can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and improve tumor immunogenicity.

Gold nanorods with iron oxide dual-modal bioprobes in SERS-MRI enable accurate programmed cell death ligand-1 expression detection in triple-negative breast cancer.

The efficiency of immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is relatively low due to the difficulty in accurately detecting immune checkpoints. The detection of TNBC-related programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression is important to guide immunotherapy and improve treatment efficiency. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging exhibit great potential for early TNBC diagnosis.

Using host-guest interactions at the interface of quantum dots to load drug molecules for biocompatible, safe, and effective chemo-photodynamic therapy against cancer.

Combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and chemotherapy (CHT) by loading an anti-cancer drug and a photosensitizer (PS) into the same delivery nanosystem has been proposed as an effective approach to achieve synergistic effects for a safe cancer treatment. However, exploring an ideal delivery nanosystem has been challenging, because the noncovalent interactions must be maintained between the multiple components to produce a stable yet responsive nanostructure that takes into account the encapsulation of drug molecules. We addressed this issue by engineering the interfacial interaction between AgS quantum dots (QDs) using a pillararene derivative to direct the co-self-assembly of the entire system.

In vitro comparative study of multimodal imaging nano-assembled microspheres with two clinical drug-eluting beads loaded with doxorubicin.

DC Beads and CalliSpheres are commonly used microspheres in clinical transcatheter arterial chemoembolization, but these microspheres cannot be visualized by themselves. Therefore, in our previous study, we developed multimodal imaging nano-assembled microspheres (NAMs), which are visualized under CT/MR and the location of embolic microspheres can be determined during postoperative review, facilitating the evaluation of embolic areas and guiding subsequent treatment. Moreover, the NAMs can be carried with positively and negatively charged drugs, increasing the choice of drugs.

Data-Driven Assisted Decision Making for Surgical Procedure of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Resection and Prognostic Prediction: Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models.

Background Currently, surgical decisions for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) resection are difficult and not sufficiently personalized. We aimed to develop and validate data driven prediction models to assist surgeons in selecting the optimal surgical procedure for patients. Methods Retrospective data from 361 HCC patients who underwent radical resection in two institutions were included.

A noninvasive nomogram model based on CT features to predict DNA mismatch repair deficiency in gastric cancer.

Objectives: DNA mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) status has served as a positive predictive biomarker for immunotherapy and long-term prognosis in gastric cancer (GC). The aim of the present study was to develop a computed tomography (CT)-based nomogram for preoperatively predicting mismatch repair (MMR) status in GC.

Methods: Data from a total of 159 GC patients between January 2020 and July 2021 with dMMR GC (n=53) and MMR-proficient (pMMR) GC (n=106) confirmed by postoperative immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were retrospectively analyzed.