Diabetic ulcers (DUs) are persistent and challenging complications of diabetes. The consequences of DUs include a decline in functional status, increased risk of infection, hospitalization, and even death. Our study revealed a significant decrease in the levels of cortistatin (CST) in the skin tissue of patients with DUs and diabetic rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteoclasts are over-activated as we age, which results in bone loss. Src deficiency in mice leads to severe osteopetrosis due to a functional defect in osteoclasts, indicating that Src function is essential in osteoclasts. G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are the targets for ∼35% of approved drugs but it is still unclear how GPCRs regulate Src kinase activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study was performed to extract and separate the volatiles with solid-phase microextraction (SPME), and was conducted to analyze volatile odor compounds qualitatively and quantitatively in the production of a strong aroma tallow by mild oxidation. A total of 51 odor compounds were detected in the tallow smelted under different conditions. It was found that the high proportion of aldehydes was an important feature of the aroma components in the oxidized melted tallow, such as 1-hexanal, heptanal, nonanal, octanal, benzaldehyde, etc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolyacrylate emulsions were prepared by Pickering emulsion polymerization with multi-modified hectorite as a modifier. The proper wettability of modified hectorite and the stability of O/W emulsions prove that modified hectorite has good emulsification properties. The stability of polyacrylate latexes and the morphology of polymer latex particles were then investigated to explain the role of multi-modified hectorite in stabilizing polyacrylate latex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscriptional cyclin-dependent kinases regulate all phases of transcription. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) has been implicated in the regulation of promoter-proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II and more recently in transcription termination. Study of the substrates of CDK9 has mostly been limited to approaches that lack a quantitative assessment of CDK9 activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeterochromatin is a distinctive chromatin structure that is essential for chromosome segregation, genome stability and regulation of gene expression. H3K9 methylation (H3K9me), a hallmark of heterochromatin, is deposited by the Su(var)3-9 family of proteins; however, the mechanism by which H3K9 methyltransferases bind and methylate the nucleosome is poorly understood. In this work we determined the interaction of Clr4, the fission yeast H3K9 methyltransferase, with nucleosomes using nuclear magnetic resonance, biochemical and genetic assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFungal degradation of lignocellulosic biomass requires various (hemi-)cellulases and is an important part of the natural carbon cycle. Although induction of cellulases has been described for some saprobic filamentous fungi, the regulation of cellulase transcription is complex and many aspects are still poorly understood. Here, we identified and characterized the novel cellulase regulation factor NcCLR-4 in Neurospora crassa and its ortholog MtCLR-4 in Myceliophthora thermophila.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this paper, a WSe film prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is transferred onto a tapered fiber, and a WSe saturable absorber (SA) is fabricated. In order to measure the third-order optical nonlinearity of the WSe, the Z-scan technique is applied. The modulation depth of the WSe SA is measured as being 21.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarotenoids are considered to be crucial elements in many fields and, furthermore, the significant factor in pepper leaves under low light and chilling temperature. However, little literature focused on the method to determinate and extract the contents of carotenoid compositions in pepper leaves. Therefore, a time-saving and highly sensitive reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method for separation and quantification of 10 carotenoids was developed, and an optimized technological process for carotenoid composition extraction in pepper leaves was established for the first time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Lignocellulolytic fungal cells suffer endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress during lignocellulase synthesis; however, an understanding of this integrated process on a genome-wide scale remains poor. Here, we undertook a systematic investigation of this process in Neurospora crassa (N. crassa) using transcriptomic analysis coupled with genetic screens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online
April 2012
In the title compound, C(25)H(22)BrN(3)O(5)S, the central benzene ring makes dihedral angles of 4.41 (10), 67.09 (9) and 62.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the title compound, C(15)H(13)NO(5), the two benzene rings make a dihedral angle of 3.98 (7)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by weak non-classical inter-molecular C-H⋯O inter-actions that link mol-ecules into centrosymmetric tetra-mers.
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