MALAT1 predicts the prognosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia in pediatric patients.

Background: To evaluate the role of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) in the prognosis of severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children.

Methods: According to the median MALAT1 value of 3.2 at baseline, 93 pediatric patients with severe CAP were divided into low (n = 46, median MALAT1 level = 1.

Porphyrin-based porous organic polymers synthesized using the Alder-Longo method: the most traditional synthetic strategy with exceptional capacity.

Porphyrin is a typical tetrapyrrole chromophore-based pigment with a special electronic structure and functionalities, which is frequently introduced into various porous organic polymers (POPs). Porphyrin-based POPs are widely used in various fields ranging from environmental and energy to biomedicine-related fields. Currently, most porphyrin-based POPs are prepared the copolymerization of specific-group-functionalized porphyrins with other building blocks, in which the tedious and inefficient synthesis procedure for the porphyrin greatly hinders the development of such materials.

Single centre analysis of factors influencing surgical treatment of splenic trauma in children.

Objective: This study aims to investigate determinants impacting the surgical management of splenic trauma in paediatric patients by scrutinizing age distribution, etiological factors and concomitant injuries. The analysis seeks to establish a foundation for delineating optimal operative timing.

Methods: A cohort of 262 paediatric cases presenting with splenic trauma at our institution from January 2011 to December 2021 underwent categorization into either the conservative or operative group.

Identification and validation of PCSK9 as a prognostic and immune-related influencing factor in tumorigenesis: a pan-cancer analysis.

Introduction: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-9 (PCSK9) has been primarily studied in the cardiovascular field however, its role in cancer pathophysiology remains incompletely defined. Recently, a pivotal role for PCSK9 in cancer immunotherapy was proposed based on the finding that PCSK9 inhibition was associated with enhancing the antigen presentation efficacy of target programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). Herein, we provide results of a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of PCSK9 that assessed its prognostic and immunological functions in cancer.

Atorvastatin Relieves Cognitive Disorder After Sepsis Through Reverting Inflammatory Cytokines, Oxidative Stress, and Neuronal Apoptosis in Hippocampus.

This present research work reports the possible effects and the underlying mechanism of atorvastatin on survival rate and cognitive disorders after sepsis. Sepsis is a life-threatening dysfunction that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs. Diffuse sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture surgery (CLP) in ICR mice.

Oxymatrine attenuates brain hypoxic-ischemic injury from apoptosis and oxidative stress: role of p-Akt/GSK3β/HO-1/Nrf-2 signaling pathway.

To investigate the potential neuroprotection of oxymatrine in hypoxic-ischemic injury in rat's brain and the associated underlying mechanisms, modified neurological severity scores (mNSS) for neurological functional deficits, 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining for infarct volume, TUNEL assay and flow cytometry analysis for apoptosis were assessed. The expressions of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), phosphorylated GSK3β (p-GSK3β), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) were measured by western blot. Our results showed that infarct volume and the apoptosis of NeuN-positive cells were significantly reduced in rats that administrated oxymatrine, with a corresponding improvement in neurological function after H/I.

Metformin ameliorates sepsis-induced brain injury by inhibiting apoptosis, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Sepsis-induced brain injuries increase mortality, morbidity, cognitive impairment and lack of effective therapeutic treatment. Previous studies have suggested that metformin provides neuroprotective effects against ischemia, brain trauma and other brain damage, but whether metformin protects a septic brain remains unknown. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the possible effects and the mechanism of metformin against septic brain damage using the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model.

Inhibition of TNF-α sepsis of lipopolysaccharide induction using nano cerium oxide system.

Nowadays sepsis was one of the major threatening issues all over the globe which majorly causes death in high rate. To treat sepsis only few reports have been proposed with the help of anti-oxidants. This manuscript stated that the grape is rich in anti-oxidant, with the help of anti-oxidant rich grape extract Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) were synthesized eco-friendly.

Metformin protects the brain against ischemia/reperfusion injury through PI3K/Akt1/JNK3 signaling pathways in rats.

Although Metformin, a first-line antidiabetic drug, can ameliorate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced brain damage, but how metformin benefits injured hippocampus and the mechanisms are still largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective mechanisms of metformin against ischemic brain damage induced by cerebral I/R and to explore whether the Akt-mediated down-regulation of the phosphorylation of JNK3 signaling pathway contributed to the protection provided by metformin. Transient global brain ischemia was induced by 4-vessel occlusion in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.

Expression of NLRC4 in children with septicaemia and mechanisms of NLRC4 in in vitro cytokine secretion.

Septicaemia, a systemic bacterial infection, frequently leads to morbidity and mortality in children. The NOD-like receptor (NLR) family, CARD domain containing 4 (NLRC4) is involved in the control of infections. The aim of the present study was to detect the expression of NLRC4 in the blood samples of children with septicaemia, in addition to investigating the importance of NLRC4 in cytokine production, and the signaling pathways that regulate NLRC4 expression in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages.

Combined use of biomarkers for distinguishing between bacterial and viral etiologies in pediatric lower respiratory tract infections.

Background: In clinical practice it is often troublesome to discriminate bacterial etiologies from viral etiologies in pediatric lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). The aim of this study was to develop an accurate analytic method to improve diagnostic determination for bacterial and viral etiologies in pediatric LRTIs.

Methods: A total of 45 children with confirmed bacterial LRTIs and 51 children with viral LRTIs were finally included after assessment of the children visiting the emergency department with a suspected infection and identification of pathogens.

Impaired cytokine production and decreased TLR2-mediated signaling in mouse infant macrophages.

Infants are known to be more susceptible to pathogens. This might be due in part to the impaired function of macrophage. In the present study, we observed that macrophages from infant mice produced decreased levels of TNF-α and IL-6, but increased IL-10 after stimulation with toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) agonist zymosan.

Erythropoietin attenuates 6-hydroxydopamine-induced apoptosis via glycogen synthase kinase 3β-mediated mitochondrial translocation of Bax in PC12 cells.

The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism by which erythropoietin (EPO) suppressed 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced apoptosis. Our results showed that 6-OHDA remarkably decreased phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) as well as enhanced the level of Bax in the mitochondria. Besides, 6-OHDA decreased the mitochondrial expression of Bcl-2 without altering the cytoplasmic expression of Bcl-2.