Inflammatory and Nutritional Markers as Indicators for Diagnosing and Assessing Disease Activity in MS and NMOSD.

Background: Inflammation and nutritional markers have recently gained recognition for their roles in the fabrication of cognitive control centers demyelinating illnesses. Inflammatory indices such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), along with nutritional markers like albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (HB), and body mass index (BMI), may predict disease occurrence. However, their potential in evaluating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) remains unexplored.

Identification of potential biomarkers for neuromyelitis optica by quantitative proteomics.

Objective: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) was a serious autoimmune inflammatory condition affecting the central nervous system. Currently, there was a lack of diagnostic biomarkers for AQP4-IgG-negative NMO patients.

Methods: A comparative proteomic analysis was conducted on the CSF of 10 patients with NMO and 10 patients with non-inflammatory neurological disorders (NND) using tandem mass tagging technology.

Serum apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) is a novel stroke biomarker.

Background: Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-recruitment domain (ASC) is a promising stroke biomarker. However, a large study of human serum ASC has not yet to be reported; additionally, the diagnostic value of prehospital concentration and practicality of ASC remains unknown.

Methods: We recruited 774 Chinese stroke patients, including 523 with ischemic stroke (IS) and 251 with hemorrhagic stroke (HS) within 14 days following symptom onset in the emergency department, alongside 481 healthy individuals and 64 cognitive impairment patients as controls.

Establishment of a comprehensive diagnostic model for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders based on the analysis of laboratory indicators and clinical data.

Background: To establish a comprehensive diagnostic model for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) based on laboratory indicators and clinical data.

Methods: A retrospective method was used to query the medical records of patients with NMOSD from January 2019 to December 2021. At the same time, clinical data of other neurological diseases were also collected for comparison.

Establishment of SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG) Reference Intervals for Elder Population in China based on 3,733 Samples.

Background: Establishment of reference intervals (RIs) for different biomarkers is essential for clinical monitoring. The purpose of this study was to establish laboratory RIs of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG for elder population.

Materials: Performance verification was conducted with reference to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines, including linearity, imprecision, and allowable dilution ratio.

Remnant Cholesterol and Dyslipidemia Are Risk Factors for Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Severe Guillain-Barré Syndrome by Promoting Monocyte Activation.

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is the most common severe acute paralytic neuropathy, with a mortality rate of 5% and permanent sequelae rate of 10%. Currently, the cause of GBS remains unclear. Therefore, we sought to determine potential predictors for GBS and its severity.

EMT-Related Markers in Serum Exosomes are Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Invasive Pituitary Adenomas.

Purpose: Assessing the invasiveness of pituitary adenomas (PAs) is critical to making the best surgical and treatment plan. However, it is difficult to determine the invasiveness of pituitary adenomas based on current clinical methods, such as imaging and histological methods. The present article aims to investigate noninvasive methods to discover viable biomarkers for invasive pituitary adenomas and provide a basis for early intervention of pituitary adenomas.

Dual-detection fluorescent immunochromatographic assay for quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD-ACE2 blocking neutralizing antibody.

The global effort against the COVID-19 pandemic dictates that routine quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies is vital for assessing immunity following periodic revaccination against new viral variants. Here, we report a dual-detection fluorescent immunochromatographic assay (DFIA), with a built-in self-calibration process, that enables rapid quantitative detection of neutralizing antibodies that block binding between the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Thus, this assay is based on the inhibition of binding between ACE2 and the RBD of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by neutralizing antibodies, and the affinity of anti-human immunoglobulins for these neutralizing antibodies.

Potential biomarkers identified by tandem mass tags based quantitative proteomics for diagnosis and classification of Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Background And Purpose: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory autoimmune and demyelinating disease of the peripheral nervous system. Currently, valid biomarkers are unavailable for the diagnosis of GBS.

Methods: A comparative proteomics analysis was performed on the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 10 patients with GBS and 10 patients with noninflammatory neurological disease (NND) using the tandem mass tags technique.

Discovery of Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosing and Predicting the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis Using TMT-Based Quantitative Proteomics.

Objective: Here, we aimed to identify protein biomarkers that could rapidly and accurately diagnose multiple sclerosis (MS) using a highly sensitive proteomic immunoassay.

Methods: Tandem mass tag (TMT) quantitative proteomic analysis was performed to determine the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from 10 patients with MS and 10 non-inflammatory neurological controls (NINCs). The DEPs were analyzed using bioinformatics tools, and the candidate proteins were validated using the ELISA method in another cohort comprising 160 samples (paired CSF and plasma of 40 patients with MS, CSF of 40 NINCs, and plasma of 40 healthy individuals).

Longitudinal Analysis of Risk Factors for Clinical Outcomes of Meningitis/Encephalitis in Post-Neurosurgical Patients: A Comparative Cohort Study During 2014-2019.

Purpose: Our study is a retrospective observational study conducted in one of the largest clinical centers of neurosurgery in China. We aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the isolates responsible for nosocomial meningitis/encephalitis in post-neurosurgical patients. Meanwhile, we tried to evaluate the risk factors for mortality following meningitis/encephalitis.