Biocontrol potential of endophytic A9 against rot disease of .

Introduction: is a popular edible fungus with high economic and nutritional value. However, the rot disease caused by , pose a serious threat to the quality and yield of . Biological control is one of the effective ways to control fungal diseases.

Ecosystem sustainability of rice and aquatic animal co-culture systems and a synthesis of its underlying mechanisms.

Integrated planting and breeding of rice and aquatic animals, including traditional rice-fish co-culture (RF), has been conducted for over 1200 years. It is one of the primary modes of modern ecologically sustainable agriculture. Rice and aquatic animal (RA) co-culture systems reduce risks of environmental pollution, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, maintain soil fertility, stabilize grain incomes, and preserve paddy field biodiversity.

Evaluating response mechanisms of soil microbiomes and metabolomes to Bt toxin additions.

The accumulation and persistence of Bt toxins in soils from Bt plants and Bt biopesticides may result in environmental hazards such as adverse impacts on soil microorganisms. However, the dynamic relationships among exogenous Bt toxins, soil characteristics, and soil microorganisms are not well understood. Cry1Ab is one of the most commonly used Bt toxins and was added to soils in this study to evaluate subsequent changes in soil physiochemical properties, microbial taxa, microbial functional genes, and metabolites profiles via 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing, high-throughput qPCR, metagenomic shotgun sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics.

Combined metagenomic and metabolomic analyses reveal that Bt rice planting alters soil C-N metabolism.

The environmental impacts of genetically modified (GM) plants remain a controversial global issue. To address these issues, comprehensive environmental risk assessments of GM plants is critical for the sustainable development and application of transgenic technology. In this paper, significant differences were not observed between microbial metagenomic and metabolomic profiles in surface waters of the Bt rice (T1C-1, the transgenic line) and non-Bt cultivars (Minghui 63 (the isogenic line) and Zhonghua 11 (the conventional japonica cultivar)).

Environmental Behaviors of () Insecticidal Proteins and Their Effects on Microbial Ecology.

proteins are crystal proteins produced by () in the early stage of spore formation that exhibit highly specific insecticidal activities. The application of proteins primarily includes transgenic plants and biopesticides. Transgenic crops with insect resistance (via )/herbicide tolerance comprise the largest global area of agricultural planting.

Molecular cloning, and optimized production and characterization of recombinant cyclodextrin glucanotransferase from sp. T1.

Unlabelled: Cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase (CGTase) is an enzyme which degrades starch to produce cyclodextrins (CDs). In this study, the β-CGTase producing strain T1 was identified as sp. by its morphological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence analysis.

The cold - resistance mechanism of a mutagenic Volvariella volvacea strain VH3 with outstanding traits revealed by transcriptome profiling.

Background: The straw mushroom (Volvariella volvacea) is one of the important vegetables that is popular for its delicious taste. However, the straw mushroom is sensitive to low temperature, resulting in economic loss during transportation and storage. We obtained a novel straw mushroom strain, named VH3, via ultraviolet mutagenesis.

Weighted gene co-expression network analysis unveils gene networks regulating folate biosynthesis in maize endosperm.

Unlabelled: Folates are essential elements for human growth and development, and their deficiency can lead to serious disorders. Waxy maize is a rich source of folates; however, the regulatory mechanism underlying folate biosynthesis in the endosperm remains unclear. Here, we examined changes in the folate content of maize endosperm collected at 15, 18, 21, 24, and 27 days after pollination (DAP) using liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometry and identified genes related to folate biosynthesis using transcriptome sequencing data.

Biochemical characterization of a GH10 xylanase from the anaerobic rumen fungus and application in bread making.

is an anaerobic rumen microorganism which can produce plant cell wall degrading enzymes. In this study, a new GH10 xylanase gene from was identified, cloned and expressed in GS115. The recombinant protein ArXyn10 was characterized after being purified by Ni-NTA.

Composition and diversity of gut microbiota in Pomacea canaliculata in sexes and between developmental stages.

Background: The apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, is one of the world's 100 worst invasive alien species and vector of some pathogens relevant to human health.

Methods: On account of the importance of gut microbiota to the host animals, we compared the communities of the intestinal microbiota from P. canaliculata collected at different developmental stages (juvenile and adult) and different sexes by using high-throughput sequencing.

A sensitive immunosensor based on graphene-PAMAM composites for rapid detection of the CP4-EPSPS protein in genetically modified crops.

A simple electrochemical immunosensor based on nitrogen-doped graphene and polyamide-amine (GN-PAM) composites was proposed for the detection of the CP4-EPSPS protein in genetically modified (GM) crops. In this immunosensor, the amplification of the detection signal was realized through antibodies labeled with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The electrochemical responses of the immunosensor were linear (R = 0.

Stochastic processes drive bacterial and fungal community assembly in sustainable intensive agricultural soils of Shanghai, China.

Sustainable intensive cropping systems have been implemented for three decades in suburban agricultural districts of Shanghai, China. These human-managed soils have been developed from paleosol or alluvial soils across different regions. However, little is known about the geographical distribution patterns of microbes and microbial community assembly in the sustainable intensive soils after decades of anthropogenic disturbances.

Identification and Functional Characterization of a Novel Immunomodulatory Protein From SH.

A novel fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP) was found in the precious medical and edible mushroom SH, defined as FIP-mco, which belongs to the FIP family. Phylogenetic analyses of FIPs from different origins were performed using Neighbor-Joining method. It was found that FIP-mco belonged to a new branch of the FIP family and may evolved from a different ancestor compared with most other FIPs.

Production and characterization of the C/ N single-labeled insecticidal protein Cry1Ab/Ac using recombinant Escherichia coli.

Synthetic Cry1Ab/Ac proteins expressed by genetically modified (GM) crops have a high potential to control insect pests without utilizing large amounts of chemical insecticides. Before these crops are used in agriculture, the environmental fate and interactions in the soil must be understood. Stable isotope-labeled Cry1Ab/Ac protein is a highly useful tool for collecting such data.

Development of a lateral flow test strip for simultaneous detection of BT-Cry1Ab, BT-Cry1Ac and CP4 EPSPS proteins in genetically modified crops.

A colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip (ICS) for simultaneous detection of multiple transgenic proteins, including CP4 EPSPS, BT-Cry1Ab and BT-Cry1Ac, was developed in this study. The sensitivity of the strip to the target protein was 5 ng/mL for CP4 EPSPS, 100 ng/mL for BT-Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac, respectively. Parallel analysis for maize, soybean, sugar beet and cotton showed the strip could detect 1% of transgenic content in crops containing BT-Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac, and, at least, 0.

A new approach for breeding low-temperature-resistant Volvariella volvacea strains: Genome shuffling in edible fungi.

Volvariella volvacea is difficult to store fresh because of the lack of low-temperature resistance. Many traditional mutagenic strategies have been applied in order to select out strains resistant to low temperature, but few commercially efficient strains have been produced. In order to break through the bottleneck of traditional breeding and significantly improve low-temperature resistance of the edible fungus V.

Edible Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Rice T1C-1 for Sprague Dawley Rats through Horizontal Gene Transfer, Allergenicity and Intestinal Microbiota.

In this study, assessment of the safety of transgenic rice T1C-1 expressing Cry1C was carried out by: (1) studying horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in Sprague Dawley rats fed transgenic rice for 90 d; (2) examining the effect of Cry1C protein in vitro on digestibility and allergenicity; and (3) studying the changes of intestinal microbiota in rats fed with transgenic rice T1C-1 in acute and subchronic toxicity tests. Sprague Dawley rats were fed a diet containing either 60% GM Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) rice T1C-1 expressing Cry1C protein, the parental rice Minghui 63, or a basic diet for 90 d. The GM Bt rice T1C-1 showed no evidence of HGT between rats and transgenic rice.

Analysis of synonymous codon usage patterns in the edible fungus Volvariella volvacea.

In this study, trends in synonymous codons usage of Volvariella volvecea have been first examined by analysis of complete coding sequences and gene chip data. The results showed that GC content at three codon positions are obviously different and there were several factors shaping the codon usage of V. volvacea genes, including base composition.

[Codon usage bias in the straw mushroom Volvariella volvacea].

We analyzed the whole genome coding sequence of Volvariella volvacea to study the pattern utilization of codons by Codon W 1.4.2.

Teth137, a Conserved Factor of Unknown Function from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus JW200, Represses the Transcription of the adhE Gene In Vitro.

Teth137, a 13.7 kD protein of unknown function from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus JW200, is encoded by 360 nucleotides and has been obtained by DNA-coupled column previously. However, no function study of Teth137 has been published.

Application of GFAT as a novel selection marker to mediate gene expression.

The enzyme glutamine: fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (GFAT), also known as glucosamine synthase (GlmS), catalyzes the formation of glucosamine-6-phosphate from fructose-6-phosphate and is the first and rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. For the first time, the GFAT gene was proven to possess a function as an effective selection marker for genetically modified (GM) microorganisms. This was shown by construction and analysis of two GFAT deficient strains, E.

The aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase (AdhE) in relation to the ethanol formation in Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus JW200.

A bifunctional aldehyde/alcohol dehydrogenase gene (adhE) from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus JW200 was identified and cloned. To unambiguously characterize the activity of AdhE, the recombinant protein was purified. The purified AdhE exhibited high enzymatic activity attributed to aldehyde dehydrogenase (11.

Expression, purification and characterization of a recombinant beta-glucosidase from Volvariella Volvacea.

For the first time, a beta-glucosidase gene from the edible straw mushroom, Volvariella volvacea V1-1, has been over-expressed in E. coli. The gene product was purified by chromatography showing a single band on SDS-PAGE.