Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A multicenter registry study in Guangdong, China.

Background: A lack of demographic and clinical data hinders efforts of health care providers in China to support patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). Therefore, the aim of the present retrospective study was to provide an overview of the demographic and clinical characteristics of Chinese patients with T1D.

Methods: Hospital medical records of patients with T1D (diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2011) in 105 secondary and tertiary hospitals across Guangdong province were reviewed.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 potentiates glucotoxicity-diminished insulin secretion via stimulation of cAMP-PKA signaling in INS-1E cells and mouse islets.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-enhanced insulin secretion is mainly mediated by cAMP-PKA and cAMP-Epac2 signaling pathways at physiological glucose concentrations. However the cellular mechanisms underlying the insulinotropic action of GLP-1 at glucotoxicity remain largely unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of GLP-1 on glucotoxicity-diminished insulin secretion and explored the roles of these two cAMP-linked pathways in mediating the effects of GLP-1 under glucotoxic conditions.

[Cross-sectional study of current situation of glycemic control with type 1 diabetes in Guangdong Province].

Objective: To investigate the glycemic control and the related factors of type 1 diabetic patients in Guangdong Province.

Methods: Medical records and blood samples of type 1 diabetic patients were collected in 89 tertiary and secondary hospitals from all of the 21 cities in Guangdong Province. The clinical data were analyzed to explore the correlates of glycemic control.

[The effects of glycemic control on ophthalmic refraction in diabetic patients].

Objective: To evaluate effects of glycemic control on refraction in diabetic patients.

Methods: Twenty newly diagnosed diabetic patients were included in this study. The random blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, fasting C-peptide and postprandial 2 h C-peptide levels were measured before treatment.

Effects of glycemic control on refraction in diabetic patients.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of glycemic control on refraction in diabetic patients.

Methods: Twenty newly diagnosed diabetic patients were included in this study. The random blood glucose, HbA1c levels, fasting C-peptide and postprandial 2h C-peptide were measured before treatment.

[Evaluation of insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes with euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp].

Objective: To investigate insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes (T1DM) with euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp.

Methods: Eight cases of newly diagnosed T1DM and 8 cases of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) were selected. Their insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was evaluated with euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp after 2 week insulin intensive treatment and compared with that of 10 healthy volunteers (normal control group, NC group).

[Evaluation of insulin secretion and insulin resistance by hyperglycemic clamp in Graves disease patients with impaired glucose tolerance].

Objective: To investigate the state of insulin secretion and insulin resistance in patients of Graves disease (GD) with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) by hyperglycemic clamp.

Methods: Six cases of Graves disease with IGT were selected as GD + IGT group and ten healthy volunteers as normal control group (NC group). All the subjects were required to fast for 12 hours and then underwent hyperglycemic clamp to assay insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.

[Evaluation of first phase insulin secretion by a nateglinide-intravenous glucose insulin release test in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics].

Objective: To evaluate the function of the first phase of insulin secretion of pancreatic B cells in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetics using nateglinide-intravenous glucose insulin release test (NG-IVGIRT).

Methods: NG-IVGIRT and intravenous glucose insulin release test (IVGIRT) were done in 8 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and NG-IVGIRT was done in 8 normal people. Insulin and glucose of blood were determined at - 15, 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 min in NG-IVGIRT or IVGIRT.

[The expression of G proteins alpha-subunit mRNA in different thyroid diseases].

Objective: To investigate the expression of G proteins alpha subunit mRNA in different thyroid diseases.

Methods: Twenty-three thyroid specimens were obtained during surgery, 5 from patients with Graves' disease (GD), 7 from patients with multinodular goiter (MNG), 6 from patients with eufunctioning thyroid adenoma (EFTA) and 5 from patients with thyroid papillary cancer (TPC). The expression of stimulating and inhibiting G proteins alpha subunit mRNA were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).