Structural and Functional Deficits in Patients with Poststroke Dementia: A Multimodal MRI Study.

Although many neuroimaging studies have reported structural and functional abnormalities in the brains of patients with cognitive impairments following stroke, little is known about the pattern of such brain reorganization in poststroke dementia (PSD). The present study was aimed at investigating alterations in spontaneous brain activity and gray matter volume (GMV) in PSD patients. We collected T1-weighted and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 20 PSD patients, 24 poststroke nondementia (PSND) patients, and 21 well-matched normal controls (NCs).

Altered Functional Connectivity of Hippocampal Subfields in Poststroke Dementia.

Background: The hippocampus (HP) plays a critical role in memory and orientational functions and is functionally heterogeneous along the longitudinal anterior-posterior axis. Although the previous study has reported volumetric atrophy in hippocampal subfields of patients with poststroke dementia (PSD), how the functional connectivity (FC) is altered in these subfields remains unclear.

Purpose: To examine the FC changes of the HP subfields in patients with PSD.

Atrophic Pattern of Hippocampal Subfields in Post-Stroke Demented Patient.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that hippocampal atrophy is a hallmark of dementia and can be used to predict the outcome of post-stroke demented (PSD) patients. The hippocampus consists of several subfields but their involvement in the pathophysiology of the PSD remains unclear.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate volumetric alterations of hippocampal subfields in patients with PSD.

Gait characteristics and clinical relevance of hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia on deep learning.

Background: Deep learning has always been at the forefront of scientific research. It has also been applied to medical research. Hereditary spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is characterized by gait abnormalities and is usually evaluated semi-quantitatively by scales.

Diffusion-weighted imaging and variable flip angle T1 mapping: a supplement for image-guided biopsy in follow-up analysis of liver fibrosis.

To evaluate the performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and variable flip angle (VFA) T1 mapping as a supplement to image-guided biopsy in follow-up analysis of liver fibrosis. This prospective study was approved by the institution's committee on human research, and written informed consent was provided from the enrolled patients. We investigated five MRI parameters of DWI and VFA T1 mapping, collected from 11 patients who underwent serial ultrasound image-guided biopsy with follow-up MRI within 1.

Fe@polyDOPA--polysarcosine, a T-Weighted MRI Contrast Agent via Controlled NTA Polymerization.

α-Amino acid -thiocarboxyanhydrides (NTAs) are promising cyclic monomers to synthesize polypeptides and polypeptoids via controlled ring-opening polymerizations. Superior to -carboxyanhydrides requiring protection on hydroxyl groups, NTAs are able to tolerate such nucleophiles. In this work, we report the synthesis of NTA monomers containing unprotected phenolic hydroxyl groups of 3,4-dihydroxy-l-phenylalanine (DOPA) and l-tyrosine (Tyr).

Radiofrequency heat-enhanced direct intratumoral chemotherapy for prostate cancer.

A novel, minimally invasive interventional technique, radiofrequency heat (RFH), has been suggested to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy for solid organ tumors. However, the treatment for prostate cancer has not been completely characterized. The aim of the present study was to investigate the and efficiency of chemotherapy in combination with RFH for the treatment of prostate cancer.

Gadolinium-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as a Tumor-Absorbable Contrast Agent for Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Tumors Using Magnetic Resonance Colonography.

Magnetic resonance (MR) contrast agents focusing on special functions are required to improve cancer diagnosis, particularly in the early stages. Here, we designed multifunctional solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) with simultaneous loading of gadolinium (Gd) diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA) and octadecylamine fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) to obtain Gd-FITC-SLNs as a tumor-absorbable nanoparticle contrast agent for the histological confirmation of MR imaging (MRI) findings. Colorectal tumors were evaluated in vitro and in vivo via direct uptake of this contrast agent, which displayed reasonable T1 relaxivity and no significant cytotoxicity at the experimental concentrations in human colon carcinoma cells (HT29) and mouse colon carcinoma cells (CT26).

Radiofrequency hyperthermia promotes the therapeutic effects on chemotherapeutic-resistant breast cancer when combined with heat shock protein promoter-controlled HSV-TK gene therapy: Toward imaging-guided interventional gene therapy.

Objective: Gene therapy is a frontier in modern medicine. In the present study, we explored a new technique for the effective treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) breast cancer by combining fully the advantages of multidisciplinary fields, including image-guided minimally invasive interventional oncology, radiofrequency technology, and direct intratumoral gene therapy.

Results: Combination treatment with PHSP-TK plus RFH resulted in significantly higher TK gene transfection/expression, as well as a lower cell proliferation rate and a higher cell apoptosis index, than those of control groups.

Dimethylfumarate induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via regulating intracellular redox systems in HeLa cells.

Dimethylfumarate (DMF) is cytotoxic to several kinds of cells and serves as an anti-tumor drug. This study was designed to investigate the effects and underlying mechanism of DMF on cervical cancer cells. HeLa cells were cultured and treated with 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 μM DMF, respectively.

Large-diameter compression arteries as a possible facilitating factor for trigeminal neuralgia: analysis of axial and radial diffusivity.

Background: Neurovascular compression (NVC) of the trigeminal nerve is associated with trigeminal neuralgia (TN). Some arteries that compress the trigeminal nerve are large, while others are small. This study evaluated the influence of diameter of compression arteries (DCA) on NVC with and without TN using axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.

Assessment of liver fibrosis using pharmacokinetic parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.

Purpose: To evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in diagnosing and staging liver fibrosis in rabbits.

Materials And Methods: DCE-MRI with gadodiamide (Gd-DTPA-BMA) was performed on a 3.0 Tesla, 60 cm bore MR scanner for rabbits with CCl4 -induced liver fibrosis, and an untreated control group.

Assessment of liver fibrosis by variable flip angle T1 mapping at 3.0T.

Purpose: To evaluate the possibility of using a variable flip angle (VFA) T1 mapping technique to diagnose liver fibrosis.

Materials And Methods: Liver fibrosis was induced in rabbits by repetitive administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ). T1 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in 29 animals (liver fibrosis, n = 18; control, n = 11) using a series of nonenhanced liver acquisition volume acceleration (LAVA) with VFAs at 3.

Research into europium complexes as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (Review).

Europium (Eu) is a paramagnetic lanthanide element that possesses an outstanding luminescent property. Eu complexes are ideal fluorescence imaging (FI) agents. Eu has satisfactory relaxivity and optical properties, and can realize magnetic resonance (MRI)-FI dual imaging applications when used with appropriate cryptands that render it oxidatively stable.

Radiofrequency heat-enhanced chemotherapy for breast cancer: towards interventional molecular image-guided chemotherapy.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide. Recent developments in minimally invasive interventional radiology techniques have significantly improved breast cancer treatment. This study aimed to develop a novel technique for the local management of breast cancers using radiofrequency heat (RFH).

[In vivo study of innervation of degenerative intervertebral discs in rabbit anular-injury model].

Objective: To observe degenerative intervertebral disc and to examine innervation of degenerative discs in the rabbit anular-injury model.

Methods: Two different magnitudes of anular injury at 5 mm depth were performed by 11 blade or 16 gauge needle at the L3-L4 or L5-L6 discs in New Zealand white rabbits (n=48, 2.5-3.