Topical lyophilized thrombin application improves wound healing for posterior spinal surgery.

Background: The erector spinae plane block (ESPB) was proposed as a part of the postoperative multimodal analgesic regimen to improve pain management after posterior spinal surgery. However, ESPB might cause more surgical incisional wound exudate and poor wound healing, which might be improved after topical lyophilized thrombin application.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study on patients who received posterior spinal surgery between January 2018 and December 2021.

Deferoxamine regulates neuroinflammation and iron homeostasis in a mouse model of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication after surgery, especially amongst elderly patients. Neuroinflammation and iron homeostasis are key hallmarks of several neurological disorders. In this study, we investigated the role of deferoxamine (DFO), a clinically used iron chelator, in a mouse model of surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction and assessed its neuroprotective effects on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and memory function.

Deferoxamine pre-treatment protects against postoperative cognitive dysfunction of aged rats by depressing microglial activation via ameliorating iron accumulation in hippocampus.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication of elderly patients after surgery. The mechanisms of POCD have not been clarified. Iron accumulation is a feature of neurodegeneration.

Propofol postsynaptically suppresses stellate neuron excitability in the entorhinal cortex by influencing the HCN and TREK-2 channels.

The entorhinal cortex (EC) provides a majority of the excitatory inputs to the hippocampus and is part of the neural circuitry that is involved in memory formation. Although many studies have investigated the effects of propofol in the hippocampus, the function of propofol in the EC remains unclear. Here, using whole-cell patch clamp recordings, we found that propofol induced a postsynaptic outward current and dramatically suppressed the firing rates in the entorhinal stellate neurons, the axons of which form the perforant pathway and relay the main inputs to hippocampus.

microRNA-23b regulates the expression of inflammatory factors in vascular endothelial cells during sepsis.

miR-23b is a multifunctional microRNA that contributes to the regulation of multiple signaling pathways. It has been reported that miR-23b prevents multiple autoimmune diseases through the regulation of inflammatory cytokine pathways. In addition, the function and underlying mechanisms of miR-23b on sepsis are currently being investigated.

Landiolol in the treatment of the intraoperative supraventricular tachycardia: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Supraventricular tachycardia during the induction of anesthesia may carry a higher risk.

Study Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of intravenous landiolol in Chinese patients with intraoperative supraventricular tachycardia during anesthesia.

Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, multicenter, phase 2 study.

Continuous and noninvasive measurement of systolic and diastolic blood pressure by one mathematical model with the same model parameters and two separate pulse wave velocities.

There is keen interest in continuous and noninvasive blood pressure (BP) measurement. However, many technologies have a shortcoming of complex mechanical structure. In our study, two arterial pulses are acquired by photoplethysmography (PPG) at ear and toe in order to explore a new method of measuring BP by pulse wave velocity (PWV).

Statistical analysis of blood pressure measurement errors by oscillometry during surgical operations.

Objectives: Although a validated oscillometry sphygmomanometer satisfies the accuracy criteria of Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI), its long-term blood pressure (BP) measurement error during operations remains to be determined. We aim to (a) compare the error range throughout surgical operations with the accuracy criteria of AAMI, and (b) investigate the probabilities of occurrence of abnormal, large errors and clinically meaningful errors.

Methods: BP level were measured from 270 participants using oscillometry and arterial cannulation (invasive method) in the same BP monitor throughout surgeries.

Adenosine A3 receptor agonist reduces early brain injury in subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of early brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage. Adenosine A3 receptor (A3R) activation produces anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the effects of a selective A3R agonist, 2-chloro-N⁶-(3-iodobenzyl)-adenosine-5'-N-methyluronamide (CL-IB-MECA), on early brain injury and inflammatory response after subarachnoid haemorrhage were studied.

Pharmacokinetics of propofol and extrahepatic UGT1A6 gene expression in anhepatic rats.

Objective: The metabolic enzyme of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 (UGT1A6) has been considered to metabolize propofol intra- or extrahepatically. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics of propofol and UGT1A6 mRNA expression in extrahepatic organs before and during the anhepatic status in rats.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with propofol (10 mg/kg) intravenously and a blood sample was taken at 2-60 min after injection.

Continuous and noninvasive blood pressure measurement: a novel modeling methodology of the relationship between blood pressure and pulse wave velocity.

In this paper, we aim to establish a new mathematical model that relates pulse wave velocity (PWV) to blood pressure (BP) for continuous and noninvasive BP measurement. For the first time, we derive an ordinary differential equation (ODE) expressing the fundamental relation between BP, elastic modulus G and PWV. The general solution of this ODE is the mathematical BP-PWV model.

Neuroprotection (and lack of neuroprotection) afforded by a series of noble gases in an in vitro model of neuronal injury.

Xenon-induced neuroprotection has been well studied both in vivo and in vitro. In this study, the neuroprotective properties of the other noble gases, namely, krypton, argon, neon and helium, were explored in an in vitro model of neuronal injury. Pure neuronal cultures, derived from foetal BALB/c mice cortices, were provoked into injury by oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD).

Vasoplegic syndrome during liver transplantation.

A 56-yr-old woman with chronic hepatitis B and decompensated hepatic cirrhosis was treated with liver transplantation. At the beginning of the neohepatic phase, her arterial blood pressure remained at 60/40 mm Hg for approximately 40 min and did not respond to vasoconstrictive drugs. Her other clinical and laboratory values remained normal, apart from a high cardiac output and low systemic vascular resistance.

Thirty-five percent oxygen pre-conditioning protects PC12 cells against death induced by hypoxia.

The present study is designed to investigate the effect of pre-conditioning with 35% O2 on PC12 cell death induced by hypoxia. This study investigated whether 35% O2 pre-conditioning for 3 h, followed by 12 h recovery, can protect PC12 cells against death induced by subsequent exposure to hypoxia for 72 h. The result showed that pre-conditioning with 35% O2 partly blocked the decrease in 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction induced by hypoxia in PC12 cells.

[Propofol ameliorates rat liver ischemia-reperfusion injury possibly by inhibiting nuclear factor-kappaB expression].

Objective: To explore the role of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in the protective effects of propofol against liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.

Methods: Forty male rats were randomized into 4 equal groups, namely the sham operation (N) group, IR group with hepatic IR injury (induced by ischemia of the left, right and median hepatic lobes for 1 h followed by reperfusion for 2 h), propofol (P) group with sham operation and propofol perfusion at 10 mg kg(-1) h(-1), and propofol treatment (PIR) group with IR injury and propofol perfusion. RT-PCR was used to detect the transcription level of NF-kappaB, and Western blotting was used for assaying NF-kappaB protein expression in the liver.

[Role of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway in mediating mRNA expression of high mobility group box1 protein in the liver in septic rats].

Objective: To investigate the role of Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway in mediating mRNA expression of high mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) in the liver in septic rats.

Methods: Using a sepsis model of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), 98 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n=10), CLP group (n=40), AG490 treatment group (n=24), and Rapamycin (RPM) treatment group (n=24). At serial time points animals in each group were sacrificed, and blood as well as hepatic tissue samples were harvested to determine HMGB1 mRNA expression and serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) contents.