Mirabegron Add-On Tamsulosin for Men with Overactive Bladder Symptoms: A Pooled Analysis of Four Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Overactive bladder symptoms (OABSs) affect patients' quality of life (QOL) worldwide. This pooled analysis compared the efficacy and safety of mirabegron add-on tamsulosin with those of tamsulosin add-on placebo in OABS treatment.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, and the Cochrane Controlled Trial Register databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy of mirabegron add-on therapy to tamsulosin in the treatment of OABS.

Real-Time and Online Monitoring of Hazardous Volatile Organic Compounds in Environmental Water by an Unmanned Shipborne Mass Spectrometer System.

Hazardous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the critical concerns in environmental water due to their toxicity to aquatic organisms and drinking water. Therefore, rapid detection of hazardous VOCs in environmental water is highly needed as many analytical methods are limited to on-site monitoring. In this work, we designed a novel unmanned shipborne mass spectrometer (US-MS) system for the real-time and online monitoring of hazardous VOCs in environmental water.

Development and validation of a novel nomogram for predicting systemic inflammatory response syndrome's occurrence in patients undertaking flexible ureteroscopy.

Background: The occurrence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is an early alert for sepsis after flexible ureteroscopy (fURS). Once sepsis occurs, it often leads to severe or fatal consequences. We aimed to identify SIRS patients preoperatively by developing and validating a feasible prognostic nomogram model based on retrospective cohort analysis.

Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds for Identifying Patients With Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

Diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is a major challenge in clinical practice. The development and validation of a novel, sensitive and specific assay for diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis is urgently needed. From April 2018 to June 2019, 53 patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), 32 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and 48 healthy controls were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University.

Bioinformatics analysis based on immune-autophagy-related lncRNAs combined with immune infiltration in bladder cancer.

Background: To construct a prognostic model based on immune-autophagy-related long noncoding RNA (IArlncRNAs), mainly to predict the overall survival rate (OS) of bladder cancer patients and investigate its possible mechanisms.

Methods: Transcriptome and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We identified the IArlncRNA by co-expression analysis, differential expression analysis, and Venn analysis.

Real-time analysis of intermediate products from non-thermal plasma degradation of ethyl acetate in air using PTR-MS: Performance evaluation and mechanism study.

Non-thermal plasma (NTP) has developed into an emerging end-of-pipe technology for treating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in unhygienic point source of air streams. In this work, NTP oxidation of low-concentration ethyl acetate was performed in a coaxial double dielectric barrier discharge reactor. The effects of initial ethyl acetate concentration, gas flow rate, and external electrode length on ethyl acetate degradation were systematically investigated as a function of discharge power.

The critical role of BAP1 mutation in the prognosis and treatment selection of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: The BAP1 mutation is commonly found kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) and a potential biomarker of individualized therapy. We evaluated the clinical significance of BAP1 mutation in the prognosis and treatment therapies for KIRC. Potential key pathways and related genes associated with these mechanisms were also identified in this investigation.

The efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate in patients with high-risk prostate cancer: a meta-analysis based on six randomized control trials.

Background: Abiraterone acetate, a CYP17 enzyme inhibitor, can block the synthesis of androgens in the adrenal gland, prostate, and testis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of abiraterone acetate in high-risk prostate cancer patients, including metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC).

Methods: A meta-analysis based on 6 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was undertaken in compliance with the guidelines of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Exhaled breath analysis using on-line preconcentration mass spectrometry for gastric cancer diagnosis.

Breath volatile biomarkers are capable of distinguishing patients with various cancers. However, high throughput analytical technology is a prerequisite to a large-cohort study intended to discover reliable breath biomarkers for cancer diagnosis. Single-photon ionization (SPI) is a universal ionization technology, and SPI-mass spectrometry (SPI-MS) shows a remarkable advantage in the comprehensive detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), in particular, nonpolar compounds.

Detection of the effects of triclosan (TCS) on the metabolism of VOCs in HepG2 cells by SPI-TOFMS.

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by organisms and cell metabolism have demonstrated great physiological and pathological values. At present, there is a great interest in the study of volatile metabolome to determine whether VOCs can serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers. In view of the sensitivity of VOCs to physiological changes, the aim of this study was to investigate alterations in VOC profiles in the in vitro headspace of HepG2 cells after exposure to triclosan (TCS).

Risk factors for hemorrhage requiring embolization after percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically review and identify the risk factors for severe hemorrhage after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Methods: We searched the PubMed and EMBASE database for literature related to the risk factors of severe hemorrhage after PCNL requiring angiography and embolization through to September 2019. The necessary data for each eligible study were extracted by 2 independent reviewers.

Design of a Compact Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer for Space Application.

A miniature reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF MS) with orthogonal extraction coupled with electron impact (EI) ionization source can be used to perform in situ gas composition analysis in a planetary environment. However, performances such as the mass resolution, sensitivity, limit of detection, mass range, and mass accuracy are often decreased because of miniaturization. Herein, a compact instrument for space applications has been developed, and its performance has been evaluated.

A review of the relatively complex mechanism of JS-K induced apoptosis in cancer cells.

Nitric oxide (NO) works as a signaling molecule, toxicant, and antioxidant in the body's physiological and pathological processes. JS-K is designed to be activated by glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and release NO in a sustained and controlled manner within the tumor cells. JS-K also promotes apoptosis in cancer cells through mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, cell factor β-catenin/T (TCF) signaling pathway, and other mechanisms.

JS-K, a nitric oxide pro-drug, regulates growth and apoptosis through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in prostate cancer cells.

Background: In view of the fact that JS-K might regulate ubiquitin E3 ligase and that ubiquitin E3 ligase plays an important role in the mechanism of CRPC formation, the goal was to investigate the probable mechanism by which JS-K regulates prostate cancer cells.

Methods: Proliferation inhibition by JS-K on prostate cancer cells was examined usingCCK-8 assays. Caspase 3/7 activity assays and flow cytometry were performed to examine whether JS-K induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells.

JS-K promotes apoptosis by inducing ROS production in human prostate cancer cells.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemical species that alter redox status, and are responsible for inducing carcinogenesis. The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of the glutathione S transferase-activated nitric oxide donor prodrug, JS-K, on ROS accumulation and on proliferation and apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells. Cell proliferation and apoptosis, ROS accumulation and the activation of the mitochondrial signaling pathway were measured.

MicroRNA-200c suppresses cell growth and metastasis by targeting Bmi-1 and E2F3 in renal cancer cells.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the functions of miR-200c in the regulation of tumor growth and metastasis in renal cancer cells, and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. In this study, miR-200c was up- and downregulated in two renal cancer cell lines, namely ACHN and A498, and the proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of the cells were measured. The expression levels of various mRNAs and proteins were then analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively.

Resveratrol promotes regression of renal carcinoma cells via a renin-angiotensin system suppression-dependent mechanism.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on renal carcinoma cells and explore possible renin-angiotensin system-associated mechanisms. Subsequent to resveratrol treatment, the cell viability, apoptosis rate, cytotoxicity levels, caspase 3/7 activity and the levels of angiotensin II (AngII), AngII type 1 receptor (AT1R), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were evaluated in renal carcinoma cells. The effects of AngII, AT1R, VEGF and COX-2 on resveratrol-induced cell growth inhibition and apoptosis were also examined.

Prostatic melioidosis rarely reported in China: two cases report and literatures review.

Melioidosis is a fatal, endemic disease caused by Burkholderiapseudomallei which is a gram-negative bacillus. Melioidosis present diversely that ranging from chronic disease to fulminant sepsis, and may affect almost any organ in the body. And in China, melioidosis presenting primarily as prostatic abscesses has rarely been reported.

A reactive oxygen species activation mechanism contributes to JS-K-induced apoptosis in human bladder cancer cells.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cellular oxidant stress are regulators of cancer cells. The alteration of redox status, which is induced by increased generation of ROS, results in increased vulnerability to oxidative stress. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) 1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (JS-K, C13H16N6O8) on proliferation and apoptosis in bladder cancer cells and explored possible ROS-related mechanisms.

MicroRNA-429 suppresses cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and metastasis by direct targeting of BMI1 and E2F3 in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: MicroRNA-429 (miR-429), a short noncoding RNA belonging to the miR-200 superfamily, plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. It also acts as a modulator of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, a cell development regulating process that affects tumor development and metastasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of miR-429 in regulating growth and metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.

Clinicopathologic features of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma: report of one case and review of literatures.

Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a rare renal mesenchymal tumor with malignant potential and is frequently associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). As metastasis of the tumor cells occur early, EAML is considered a potentially malignant tumor type and intrigues further research on it. Under the microscope, we could find the tumor was composed of atypical polygonal cells sheet mixed with classic angiomyolipoma (AML) components such as blood vessels with notable thick vascular walls, smooth muscle-like cells and adipocytes.

miR-200c inhibits invasion, migration and proliferation of bladder cancer cells through down-regulation of BMI-1 and E2F3.

Background: MicroRNA-200c (miR-200c) is one of the short noncoding RNAs that play crucial roles in tumorigenesis and tumor progression. It also acts as considerable modulator in the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a cell development regulating process that affects tumor development and metastasis. However, the role of miR-200c in bladder cancer cells and its mechanism has not been well studied.

microRNA-183 plays as oncogenes by increasing cell proliferation, migration and invasion via targeting protein phosphatase 2A in renal cancer cells.

The aim of this study was to investigate the function of miR-183 in renal cancer cells and the mechanisms miR-183 regulates this process. In this study, level of miR-183 in clinical renal cancer specimens was detected by quantitative real-time PCR. miR-183 was up- and down-regulated in two renal cancer cell lines ACHN and A498, respectively, and cell proliferation, Caspase 3/7 activity, colony formation, in vitro migration and invasion were measured; and then the mechanisms of miR-183 regulating was analyzed.

A miniaturised electron ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometer that uses a unique helium ion removal pulsing technique specifically for gas analysis.

A miniaturised reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer combined with an electron ionisation ion source has been developed for the analysis of gases. An entirely new helium ion removal pulsing technique in this mass spectrometer is used to achieve an improved performance for the first time. The helium carrier gas, which enters into the source along with the gaseous sample, is simultaneously ionised and then orthogonally introduced into the time-of-fight mass analyser.