A Shortest Distance Priority UAV Path Planning Algorithm for Precision Agriculture.

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have made significant advances in autonomous sensing, particularly in the field of precision agriculture. Effective path planning is critical for autonomous navigation in large orchards to ensure that UAVs are able to recognize the optimal route between the start and end points. When UAVs perform tasks such as crop protection, monitoring, and data collection in orchard environments, they must be able to adapt to dynamic conditions.

Chinese Yam-Derived Adhesive Microgel for Effective Management of Uncontrolled Hemorrhage and Trauma-Induced Skin Wounds.

Chinese yam (), a traditional medicinal plant, has gained renewed interest in contemporary research due to its broad therapeutic potential. In this study, we developed an adhesive yam microgel through a series of peeling, grinding, sieving, and rehydration processes. Our in vitro experiments demonstrated that the yam microgel was noncytotoxic, effectively scavenged free radicals, and promoted cell migration.

Photocatalytic therapy via photoinduced redox imbalance in biological system.

Redox balance is essential for sustaining normal physiological metabolic activities of life. In this study, we present a photocatalytic system to perturb the balance of NADH/NAD in oxygen-free conditions, achieving photocatalytic therapy to cure anaerobic bacterial infected periodontitis. Under light irradiation, the catalyst TBSMSPy can bind bacterial DNA and initiate the generation of radical species through a multi-step electron transfer process.

Synthetic Access to l-Guluronic Acid via Fluorine-Directed C-5 Epimerization.

l-Guluronic acid is integral to the structures of alginates and to the pathogenesis of . The exploitation of this hexose in both existing and new contexts is, however, limited by its prohibitively high commercial cost. We report on a short and efficient synthetic route to an l-GulA building block from a simple d-mannose thioglycoside.

miMatch: a microbial metabolic background matching tool for mitigating host confounding in metagenomics research.

Metagenomic research faces a persistent challenge due to the low concordance across studies. While matching host confounders can mitigate the impact of individual differences, the influence of factors such as genetics, environment, and lifestyle habits on microbial profiles makes it exceptionally challenging to create fully matched cohorts. The microbial metabolic background, which modulates microbial composition, reflects a cumulative impact of host confounders, serving as an ideal baseline for microbial sample matching.

MoS Nanosheets at Low Doses Induced Cardiotoxicity in Developing Zebrafish via Ferroptosis: Influence of Lateral Size and Surface Modification.

The widespread applications of molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets inevitably result in their release into aquatic environments, necessitating an exploration of their potential toxic effects on aquatic organisms. This study analyzes the cardiac responses of zebrafish larvae exposed to MoS, with a focus on the influence of size and surface modifications. At higher concentrations (1 and 5 mg/L), MoS nanosheets hampered larval growth without influencing cardiomyogenesis.

Accurate prediction of the 2022 M 6.9 Menyuan and M 6.8 Luding earthquake epicentres.

In 2022, the M 6.9 Menyuan (Qinghai Province) and M 6.8 Luding (Sichuan Province) earthquakes occurred successively on China's North-South seismic belt.

Tissue-specific and functional loci analysis of CASP14 gene in the sheep horn.

Under the current context of intensive farming, small-horned animals are more suitable for large-scale breeding. The CASP14 gene, closely associated with skin and keratin formation, may influence horn size due to its link with skin development. This study comprehensively analyzed the tissue-specific expression of CASP14 using RNA-Seq data, identified functional sites through whole-genome sequencing (WGS), and investigated allele-specific expression (ASE) validated by KASP assays.

Supramolecular cyclodextrin-based reservoir as nasal delivery vehicle for rivastigmine to brain.

The purpose of this study involved the synthesis of supramolecular reservoir (i.e. cyclodextrin metal-organic framework, MOF) using cyclodextrins as building blocks, followed by cross-linking to obtain crosslinked CD framework (CDF) using CD-MOF as template and functionalized with borneol (BO) to enhance rivastigmine (RIV) permeation and facilitate brain targeting via intranasal administration.

Clinical characteristics of patients with maintenance hemodialysis affected by COVID‑19: A single‑center retrospective study.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading continuously worldwide. Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients are a particular group at higher risk of contracting COVID-19. The aim of the present study was to investigate the various risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of co-infection with COVID-19 among patients with MHD.

Enzymatically catalyzed molecular aggregation.

The dynamic modulation of the aggregation process of small molecules represents an important research objective for scientists. However, the complex and dynamic nature of internal environments in vivo impedes controllable aggregation processes of single molecules. In this study, we successfully achieve tumor-targeted aggregation of an aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer (AIE-PS), TBmA, with the catalysis of a tumor-overexpressed enzyme, γ-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT).

Vimentin as a universal receptor for pseudorabies virus infection in pig and human cells.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV), known to infect pigs and found in various species, including humans, shows zoonotic potential. This study identified vimentin (VIM), a highly conserved intermediate filament protein expressed in multiple mammalian species and tissues, as a universal receptor for PRV infections in human and porcine cells. The adsorption of PRV is positively correlated with the level of VIM expressed in different cells.

FUS/circZEB1/miR-128-3p/LBH feedback loop contributes to the malignant phenotype of GSCs via TNF-α-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most lethal and common primary tumor of central nervous system with a poor prognosis. Glioma stem cells (GSCs) are particularly significant in GBM proliferation, invasion, self-renewal and recurrence. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in various physiological and pathological processes, including regulating the biological behavior of GBM.

Quasi-One-Dimensional Fibrous Phosphorus: An Air-Stable Low-Symmetry Semiconductor with High Anisotropy.

Due to their novel optical and optoelectronic properties, 2D materials have received increasing interest for optoelectronics applications. However, when the width of the channel layer decreases to the nanoscale, the properties of 2D materials can be seriously influenced due to the boundary defects and the approximation of physical dimensions and mean free path of the electron. That brings many challenges to developing novel electronics.

Extreme Heat Exposure Induced Acute Kidney Injury through NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation in Mice.

Climate change has resulted in a marked increase in heat extremes that carry a severe risk for morbidity and mortality. Kidney is sensitive to heat stimulation, and acute kidney injury (AKI) is the early event. In this study, we investigated the adverse effects of heat extremes and their underlying mechanism.

Enteral micronutrient supplementation and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm or low birth weight infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The association of enteral micronutrient supplementation and the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm or low birth weight (LBW) infants is controversial. This research was prospectively registered (CRD42023454034). We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, ClinicalTrials.

The inoculation of Bacillus paralicheniformis and Streptomyces thermoviolaceus enhances the lignocellulose degradation and microbial communities during spent mushroom substrate composting.

The burgeoning global mushroom industry has precipitated challenges related to the efficient and sustainable utilization of spent mushroom substrate (SMS). Composting is regarded as an efficient way for the ecological utilization of SMS. The addition of microbial inoculants can promote the composting process and improve the quality of compost products.

High-risk powered two-wheelers scenarios generation for autonomous vehicle testing using WGAN.

Objective: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to revolutionize the future of mobility by significantly improving traffic safety. This study presents a novel method for validating the safety performance of AVs in high-risk scenarios involving powered 2-wheelers (PTWs). By generating high-risk scenarios using in-depth crash data, this study is devoted to addressing the challenge of public road scenarios in testing, which often lack the necessary complexity and risk to effectively evaluate the capabilities of AVs in high-risk situations.

Based on improved joint detection and tracking of UAV for multi-target detection of livestock.

In agriculture, specifically livestock monitoring, drones' ability to track multiple targets is essential for advancing the field. However, limited computing resources and unpredictable drone movements often cause issues like ambiguous video frames, object obstructions, and size deviations. These inconsistencies reduce tracking accuracy, making traditional algorithms inadequate for handling drone footage.

zMAP toolset: model-based analysis of large-scale proteomic data via a variance stabilizing z-transformation.

Isobaric labeling-based mass spectrometry (ILMS) has been widely used to quantify, on a proteome-wide scale, the relative protein abundance in different biological conditions. However, large-scale ILMS data sets typically involve multiple runs of mass spectrometry, bringing great computational difficulty to the integration of ILMS samples. We present zMAP, a toolset that makes ILMS intensities comparable across mass spectrometry runs by modeling the associated mean-variance dependence and accordingly applying a variance stabilizing z-transformation.

RDBSB: a database for catalytic bioparts with experimental evidence.

Catalytic bioparts are fundamental to the design, construction and optimization of biological systems for specific metabolic pathways. However, the functional characterization information of these bioparts is frequently dispersed across multiple databases and literature sources, posing significant challenges to the effective design and optimization of specific chassis or cell factories. We developed the Registry and Database of Bioparts for Synthetic Biology (RDBSB), a comprehensive resource encompassing 83 193 curated catalytic bioparts with experimental evidences.

CPMKG: a condition-based knowledge graph for precision medicine.

Personalized medicine tailors treatments and dosages based on a patient's unique characteristics, particularly its genetic profile. Over the decades, stratified research and clinical trials have uncovered crucial drug-related information-such as dosage, effectiveness, and side effects-affecting specific individuals with particular genetic backgrounds. This genetic-specific knowledge, characterized by complex multirelationships and conditions, cannot be adequately represented or stored in conventional knowledge systems.