HDS screening with patient-derived primary cells guided individualized therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma- and .

Objective: To analyze and evaluate the role of the High-throughput Drug Sensitivity (HDS) screening strategy in identifying highly sensitive drugs against esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).

Methods: A total of 80 patients with progressive ESCC were randomly divided into the observation (40 cases) and the control groups (40 cases). In the observation group, primary ESCC cells were isolated from the tumor tissues with a gastroscope, and drug sensitivity screening was performed on cells derived from the 40 ESCC cases using the HDS method, followed by verification in a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) mouse model.

Magnifying image-enhanced endoscopy-only mode boosted early cancer diagnostic efficiency: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: Magnifying image-enhanced endoscopy (MIEE) is an advanced endoscopy with image enhancement and magnification used in preoperative examination. However, its impact on the detection rate is unknown.

Methods: We conducted an open-label, randomized, parallel (1:1:1), controlled trial in 6 hospitals in China.

Early development of esophageal squamous cell cancer: Stem cells, cellular origins and early clone evolution.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), a highly malignant cancer with poor prognosis, is an example of the classical view of cancer development based on stem cell origin and multistep progression. In the past five years, the applications of large-scale sequencing and single-cell sequencing have expanded to human esophageal normal tissues and precancerous lesions, which, coupled with the application of transgenic lineage tracing technology in mouse models, has provided a more comprehensive and detailed understanding of esophageal stem cell heterogeneity and early clonal evolution of ESCC. In this review, we discuss the heterogeneity of esophageal basal-layer stem cells and their potential relationship with cells of ESCC origin.

Single-cell transcriptomics provides insights into the origin and microenvironment of human oesophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia.

Background: High-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HIN) is the precursor of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The molecular and functional properties of HIN are determined by intrinsic origin cells and the extrinsic microenvironment. Yet, these factors are poorly understood.

Endoscopic features of esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by cytological atypia.

Little is known about esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by cytological atypia (HGINc). We aimed to elucidate the endoscopic features of HGINc compared with esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia dominated by architectural atypia (HGINa). All patients pathologically diagnosed as esophageal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia after endoscopic submucosal dissection at our center between January 2018 and December 2019 were included in this study.

Anemoside B4 sensitizes human colorectal cancer to fluorouracil-based chemotherapy through src-mediated cell apoptosis.

Currently, 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) based chemotherapy is the primary option for colorectal cancer after surgery, whereas chemotherapy resistance related mortality is observed in a large proportion of patients. Anemoside B4 (AB4) is a triterpene saponin, which exhibits a considerable activity in oncotherapy. In this study, we explored the efficacy of AB4 in FU-based chemotherapy in colorectal cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Diverse regulatory manners of human telomerase reverse transcriptase.

Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is the core subunit of human telomerase and plays important roles in human cancers. Aberrant expression of hTERT is closely associated with tumorigenesis, cancer cell stemness maintaining, cell proliferation, apoptosis inhibition, senescence evasion and metastasis. The molecular basis of hTERT regulation is highly complicated and consists of various layers.

Regulation of the master regulator FOXM1 in cancer.

FOXM1 (forkhead box protein M1) is a critical proliferation-associated transcription factor that is widely spatiotemporally expressed during the cell cycle. It is closely involved with the processes of cell proliferation, self-renewal, and tumorigenesis. In most human cancers, FOXM1 is overexpressed, and this indicates a poor prognosis for cancer patients.

Transplantation of autologous esophageal mucosa to prevent stricture after circumferential endoscopic submucosal dissection of early esophageal cancer (with video).

Background And Aims: Esophageal stricture is a common adverse event after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) when it involves the entire circumference of the esophagus. We aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of endoscopic transplantation of autologous esophageal mucosa in preventing stricture formation after circumferential ESD.

Methods: Nine patients who underwent circumferential ESD for early esophageal cancer were enrolled.

Organic Boundary Location Based on Color-Texture of Visual Perception in Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Video.

This paper addresses the problem of automatically locating the boundary between the stomach and the small intestine (the pylorus) in wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) video. For efficient image segmentation, the color-saliency region detection (CSD) method is developed for obtaining the potentially valid region of the frame (VROF). To improve the accuracy of locating the pylorus, we design the model.

Hue-texture-embedded region-based model for magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging image segmentation based on visual features.

Background And Objective: Magnification endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) has become a feasible tool for detecting diseases within the human gastrointestinal tract, and is more applied by physicians to search for pathological abnormalities with gastric cancer such as precancerous lesions, early gastric cancer and advanced cancer. In order to improve the reliability of diseases detection, there is a need for applying or proposing computer-assisted methodologies to efficiently analyze and process ME-NBI images. However, traditional computer vision methodologies, mainly segmentation, do not express well to the specific visual characteristics of NBI scenario.

Long-term outcomes of endoscopic resection of gastric GISTs.

Objective: Although the endoscopic treatment of gastric stromal tumors is a recently accepted therapy, the long-term outcomes of this approach remain unknown. The aims of this study were to assess the long-term effectiveness and safety of endoscopic resection for gastric GISTs.

Methods: A total of 60 consecutive patients undergoing endoscopic resection of gastric GISTs were enrolled in a retrospective single-center study.