Analysis of Pharmacological Activities and Mechanisms of Essential Oil in Leaves of 'Tomentosa' by GC-MS/MS and Network Pharmacology.

Background: Citrus grandis 'Tomentosa,' a fruit epicarp of 'Tomentosa' or (L.) Osbeck is widely used in health food and medicine. Based on our survey results, there are also rich essential oils with bioactivities in leaves, but the chemical compounds in this part and relevant pharmacological activities have never been studied systematically.

Downregulation of lncRNA NEAT1 Ameliorates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Promoting Macrophage M2 Polarization via miR-125a-5p/TRAF6/TAK1 Axis.

The lncRNA nuclear enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) promotes sepsis-inflammatory responses and acute kidney injury (AKI), but little known about the underlying mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the roles of NEAT1 in regulating macrophage polarization and its potential for alleviating inflammatory responses during sepsis pathogenesis. Mouse RAW264.

Cabergoline for the treatment of bromocriptine-resistant invasive giant prolactinomas.

Purpose: Few studies have specifically focused on the effect of cabergoline on invasive giant prolactinomas (IGPs) resistant to bromocriptine. This study aims to evaluate whether cabergoline could be used as an effective therapy for patients with bromocriptine-resistant IGPs.

Methods: This retrospective study included 15 patients with bromocriptine-resistant IGPs who received treatment at our department during 2007-2015.

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Suppresses Extracellular Histone-Induced Release of the Infammatory Mediator Tumor Necrosis Factor-α by Macrophages.

Background/aims: This study investigated signaling pathways via which extracellular histones induce the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release from the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 and the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid (ALA).

Methods: ELISA and western blotting analyses were conducted to detect the release of TNF-α from histone-stimulated RAW 264.

Procalcitonin levels in patients with positive blood culture, positive body fluid culture, sepsis, and severe sepsis: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Numerous investigations on procalcitonin (PCT) have been carried out, although few with large sample size. To deal with the complexity of sepsis, an understanding of PCT in heterogeneous clinical conditions is required.

Methods: Hospitalized patients aged 10-79 years were included in this retrospective and cross-sectional study.

Overweight, obesity and meningioma risk: a meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: Studies of the association between excess body weight and risk of meningioma have produced inconsistent results. Therefore, a meta-analysis of published studies was performed to better assess the association between meningioma and excess body weight.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and EMBASE databases without any limitations.

Alcohol consumption and risk of glioma: a meta-analysis of 19 observational studies.

The relationship between risk of glioma and alcohol consumption has been widely studied, but results have been conflicting. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to systematically assess the relationship between alcohol drinking and risk of glioma. Two electronic databases (PubMed and EMBASE) were searched from inception to 8 August 2013 to identify pertinent studies that linked alcohol drinking with glioma risk.

Reproductive and exogenous hormone factors in relation to risk of meningioma in women: a meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: A number of studies have focused on the association between oral contraceptive (OC), hormonal replacement therapy (HRT) and reproductive factors and meningioma risk, but the results were inconsistent. Thus, a meta-analysis was performed to obtain more precise estimates of risk.

Methods: We conducted a literature search using PubMed and EMBASE databases to July 2013, without any limitations.

Personal hair dyes use and risk of glioma: a meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Use of hair dyes for glioma risk has been investigated in numerous epidemiological studies, but the evidence is inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to estimate the association between hair dyes use and glioma risk.

Methods: We searched PubMed and EMBASE databases without any limitations, covering all papers published by the end of March 8, 2013.

Histones-mediated lymphocyte apoptosis during sepsis is dependent on p38 phosphorylation and mitochondrial permeability transition.

Lymphocyte apoptosis is one reason for immunoparalysis seen in sepsis, although the triggers are unknown. We hypothesized that molecules in plasma, which are up-regulated during sepsis, may be responsible for this. In this study, peripheral lymphocyte apoptosis caused by extracellular histones was confirmed both in mouse and human primary lymphocytes, in which histones induced lymphocyte apoptosis dose-dependently and time-dependently.

[Assessment of the value of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II/IV prognostic models in elderly patients with sepsis].

Objective: To assess and compare the performance of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II/IV (APACHEII/IV) prognostic models in elderly patients with sepsis.

Methods: A totally of 82 elderly patients with sepsis were retrospectively assessed in geriatric intensive care unit of General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command between July 2011 and December 2011. APACHEII/IV scores were recorded within 24 hours after admission.

Exogenous and endogenous hormones in relation to glioma in women: a meta-analysis of 11 case-control studies.

Background And Objective: Previous investigations of glioma risk in women have focused on oral contraceptive (OC), hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and reproductive factors. However, the results of published studies were inconclusive and inconsistent. Thus, a meta-analysis based on published case-control studies was performed to assess the role of exogenous and endogenous hormones factors in glioma risk.

Intraoperative microvascular Doppler monitoring in intracranial aneurysm surgery.

Background: Surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms is often compromised by incomplete exclusion of the aneurysm or stenosis of parent vessels. Intraoperative microvascular Doppler (IMD) is an attractive, noninvasive, and inexpensive tool. The present study aimed to evaluate the usefulness and reliability of IMD for guiding clip placement in aneurysm surgery.

MiR-16-1 plays a role in reducing migration and invasion of glioma cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are novel small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post transcriptional level. Compelling evidence shows that there are causative links between miRNAs deregulation and cancer development and progression. This study aims to explore the functions of miR-16-1 on proliferation, apoptosis, motility, and invasion of glioma cells.

Intracerebroventricular transplantation of human amniotic epithelial cells ameliorates spatial memory deficit in the doubly transgenic mice coexpressing APPswe and PS1ΔE9-deleted genes.

Background: Human amniotic epithelial cells (HAECs), which have characteristics of both embryonic and pluripotent stem cells, are therefore a candidate in cell therapy without creating legal or ethical problems. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular transplantation of HAECs on doubly transgenic mice of Alzheimer's disease (AD) coexpressing presenilin-1 (PS1) and mutant Sweden amyloid precursor protein (APPswe) genes.

Methods: The offspring mice genotypes were detected using PCR identification of APPswe and PS1 gene.

[Effect of continuous hemofiltration for treatment of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after acute myocardial infarction in elderly patients].

Objective: To study the effect of continuous hemofiltration (CH) on the prognosis of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in elderly patients.

Methods: Thirty-four elderly patients with MODS after AMI admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) were grouped into continuous hemofiltration (CH) group and non-CH (NCH) group. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHEII) scores and Marshall scores were assessed upon admission in ICU and 7 days after the admission.

Serum and lung endothelin-1 increased in a canine model of ventilator-induced lung injury.

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in acute lung injury (ALI), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and in ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). A change in the balance of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and NO in the ALI/ARDS can also add to these problems. However, the profile of ET-1 and the balance of ET-1 and NO are still unknown in a VILI model.

[Changes of thyroxin and monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR expression in senior patients with sepsis].

Objective: To investigate the changes of thyroxin and monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR expression in senior patients with sepsis and explore their clinical significance.

Methods: According to the 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS international sepsis definitions, 125 senior patients with sepsis free of thyroid conditions were divided into non-severe sepsis group (n=86) and severe sepsis group (n=39), with another 30 healthy subjects as the control. Thyroid function was assayed by chemoluminescence method in these patients and monocyte HLA-DR expression was determined by flow cytometry.

[Role of assessment and monitoring of human leucocyte antigen-DR on CD14+ monocyte in postoperative infection in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation].

Objective: To investigate the changes in expression level of human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) on CD14(+) monocyte (CD14(+)/HLA-DR) in the patients after orthotopic liver transplantation, and its role in monitoring postoperative infection.

Methods: Sixty-three patients with liver transplantation were divided into three groups, non-infection group with 47 cases, infection group with 10 cases and septic shock group with 6 cases [according to the definition of septic shock of American College of Chest Physicians/Society for Critical Care Medicine (ACCP/SCCM)]. CD14(+)/HLA-DR expression ratio was assessed with flow cytometer, and its clinical implication was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve assay.

[Therapeutic effect of low-dose thyroxin in elderly patients with refractory heart failure and euthyroid sick syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of low-dose thyroxin in elderly patients with refractory heart failure (RHF) and euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS).

Methods: Fifty-four elderly patients with RHF and ESS were randomized into conventional treatment group (n=32) and L-thyroxine group with additional oral L-thyroxine at the daily dose of 6.25-25 microg (n=22).

[Early bronchoscopic sputum suction in elderly patients with aspiration pneumonia-induced acute heart and lung failure].

Objective: To observe the effect of early bronchoscopic sputum suction in elderly patients with acute heart and lung failure due to aspiration pneumonia.

Methods: Comprehensive treatments were administered for 52 elderly patients with acute heart and lung failure resulting from aspiration pneumonia, and in 27 of the patients, bronchoscopic sputum suction was performed with the other 25 serving as the control group. The indices of the heart and lung functions (central venous pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, arterial blood partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide) were measured after the treatment and compared between the two groups.

[Effect of C5a on expression of thrombomodulin in endothelial cells in vitro].

Objective: To investigate the effect of C5a on the expression of thrombomodulin (TM) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Methods: HUVECs cultured in vitro were stimulated with C5a for 8, 12, 16, 20 hours in a concentration of 200 microg/L, and also with different concentrations of 100, 200, 300 microg/L for 12 hours respectively. The levels of both mRNA and protein expression of TM was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting respectively, and the dose and time dependent effects of C5a on the expression of TM were evaluated.

[Expression and characterizations of a novel full-length gene PKIbeta related to human glioma].

Objective: To obtain differentially expressed genes related to human glioma using cDNA microarray and to characterization of one novel full-length gene.

Method: Four samples of human glioma samples, 1 fetal brain tissue sample, and 2 normal brain tissue samples were used to extract the total RNA, and the mRNA was used to make probes. After hybridization and washing procedure, the products of hybridization were scanned using computer system.

[Effect of mechanical ventilation with different tidal volume on small intestine in dogs suffering from acute lung injury].

Objective: To compare the effect of different tidal volume (VT) on intestinal tissue in oleic acid-induced acute lung injury (ALI) dogs undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV).

Methods: ALI was induced with oleic acid in dogs. While all of them were undergoing MV, they were randomized into two groups: low VT group (n=6), with VT 6 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 10 cm H2O (1 cm H2O= 0.