[Characteristics of Vegetation and Soil of Degraded Grasslands and Their Relationships in Xizang].

To investigate the characteristics of grassland degradation on a regional scale in Xizang, data on grassland degradation from the second grassland survey of Xizang and 12 vegetation and soil indicators from the National Tibetan Plateau Data Center were collected. Using ArcMap, 10 000 random sample points were selected on raster data （excluding non-grassland, desertification, and salinization data, leaving 7 949 valid sample points）. The multi-value extraction to-point method was applied to extract degradation and indicator data for each sample point.

Heavy metal(loid)s in agriculture soils, rice, and wheat across China: Status assessment and spatiotemporal analysis.

Heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) accumulation in agricultural soils, rice, and wheat is of particular concern in China, while the status and spatio-temporal distribution of HMs in the soil-crops system have been rarely reported at the national scale. This study aimed to summarize the overall pollution status, spatiotemporal patterns, and drivers of HMs in agricultural soil, rice, and wheat nationwide. The metal-polluted data from 1030 agricultural soils, rice, and wheat in China were collected from the literature published from 2000 to 2022.

[Effects of Seasonal Asymmetric Warming on Soil CO Release in Karst Region].

Seasonal asymmetric warming is one of the distinguishing features of global warming. However, if this feature is not considered in studying the effects of global changes on terrestrial ecosystems, it might probably cause misunderstanding of these studies. The releasing features of soil CO in Karst regions under various warming scenarios were simulated following a four-year continuous warming period using infrared radiators.

[Short-term Mechanism of Warming-induced Stability for Organic Carbon in the Karst Plateau Soil].

Elucidating the mechanisms of warming-induced stability for soil organic C is one of the keys for evaluating the tendency of soil C sources/sinks in projected global warming models. Organic C densities in soil, and soil physical and biochemical fractions, under different warming scenarios in the Karst Plateau were investigated following a 4-yr continuous warming using infrared radiators, density fractionation and acid hydrolysis. Six treatments were arranged: no warming (ambient temp, CK); symmetric warming (ambient+2.

[Nutrient accumulation and cycling in pure and mixed plantations of Azadirachta indica and Acacia auriculiformis in a dry-hot valley, Yunnan Province, southwest China].

To ease the implementation of effective nutrient management for plantations with different vegetation restoration patterns and to assist in the selection of appropriate species and forestation patterns, nutrient (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) accumulation and cycling were investigated and compared in three plantations (10-year-old Azadirachta indica, Acacia auriculiformis and mixed A. indica--A. auriculiformis plantations) in Yuanmou Valley, a dry-hot valley of Yunnan Province, Southwestern China.

[Relationship between changes of herbaceous plants and Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution under walnut forest of inhibition of snails in mountainous regions of Yunnan Province].

Objective: To explore the relationship between the changes of herbaceous plants and Oncomelania hupensis snail distribution under the walnut forest of inhibition of snails in mountainous regions of Yunnan Province.

Methods: The experimental field was established at Sanying Village of Eryuan County, Yunnan Province, where the "Flourishing Forest and Controlling Snails Project" was implemented. The different stand ages (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 years)of walnut forest in experimental groups were selected based on the method of space replacing time, and the non-stocked land was served as a control group.

[Effect of agroforestry model on inhibition of Oncomelania snails in plateau mountainous area of Yunnan Province].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of agroforestry models on the inhibition of Oncomelania snails in the plateau mountainous area of Yunnan Province.

Methods: The experimental field was established at Sanying Village of Eryuan County, Yunnan Province, where the "Flourishing Forest and Controlling Snails Project" was implemented. Different drought crops (alfalfa, vegetables, broad bean, garlic, lettuce, celery, green onions, and wheat) were intercropped under walnut forest in experimental groups, and the crops were not intercropped under walnut forest in a control group.

[Distribution of oncomelania hupensis snails and effect of plantations on snail control under different land uses at a gentle hilly region].

Objective: To provide better afforestation/forestation patterns for snail (Oncomelania hupensis) control in gentle hilly region in China.

Methods: The snails were investigated and the effects of afforestation on snail community were analyzed at the plots with or without snail-controlling forest.

Results: The community of snails exhibited a middling variation at the area without snail-controlling forest (control area), where the living snail frame occurrence (LSFO) and mean snail density (MSD) were 26.

[Soil labile organic carbon contents and their allocation characteristics under different land uses at dry-hot valley].

Soil organic carbon (SOC), readily oxidation organic carbon (ROC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC)and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) contents and their allocation ratios were comparatively investigated under Leucaena leucocephala woodland, Acacia auriculiformis woodland, dry cropland and wasteland in dry-hot valley. Results showed that SOC contents were not significant differences among the four land uses with the range of 4.22-5.

[Effects of soil texture and water content on the mineralization of soil organic carbon in paddy soils].

To understand how soil texture and water content affect the mineralization of organic C in paddy soil, 3 selected soils (sandy loam, clay loam, and silty clay) were incubated (25 degrees C) with 14 C-labelled rice straw (1.0 g x kg(-1)) at water content varied from 45% to 105% of water holding capacity (WHC). Data indicated that, in the sandy loam and clay loam, the mineralization rate of 14 C-labelled rice straw reached the maximum at 75% WHC, as 53% and 58% of the straw C mineralized in the incubation period of 160 d, whereas in the silty clay, it increased gradually (from 41.

[Effects of temperature on organic carbon mineralization in paddy soils with different clay content].

An incubation test with three kinds of paddy soil (sandy loam, clay loam, and silty clay soils) in subtropical region was conducted at 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 degrees C to examine the response of the mineralization of soil organic carbon (SOC) to temperature change. The results showed that during the period of 160 d incubation, the accumulative mineralized amount of SOC in sandy loam, clay loam, and silty clay soils at 30 degrees C was 3.5, 5.

[Relationship between organic carbon and water content in four type wetland sediments in Sanjiang Plain].

Characteristic and relationship were analyzed between organic carbon and water content in four types of wetlands (one cultivated wetland and three typical natural wetlands including fen, marsh and marshy meadow) in Sanjiang Plain of Northeastern China. Results show that there are distinct differences in the depths of organic carbon deposition, the organic carbon and water content in sediment profiles of these four type wetlands. There are significant positive correlations between organic carbon and water content in sediment profiles of the same type wetland (p < 0.