A Critical Review on Black Phosphorus-Based Photocatalytic CO Reduction Application.

Energy shortages and greenhouse effects are two unavoidable problems that need to be solved. Photocatalytically converting CO into a series of valuable chemicals is considered to be an effective means of solving the above dilemmas. Among these photocatalysts, the utilization of black phosphorus for CO photocatalytic reduction deserves a lightspot not only for its excellent catalytic activity through different reaction routes, but also on account of the great preponderance of this relatively cheap catalyst.

Bone cement implantation syndrome during hip replacement in a patient with pemphigus and Parkinson's disease: A case report.

Background: Bone cement implantation syndrome (BCIS) is characterized by hypotension, arrhythmia, diffuse pulmonary microvascular embolism, shock, cardiac arrest, any combination of these factors, or even death following bone cement implantation.

Case Summary: An 80-year-old patient with pemphigus and Parkinson's disease underwent total hip replacement under spinal subarachnoid block and developed acute pulmonary embolism after bone cement implantation. The patient received mask mechanical ventilation with a continuous intravenous infusion of adrenaline (2 μg/mL) at a rate of 30 mL/h.

Immobilization of 6-O-α-maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin on the surface of black phosphorus nanosheets for selective chiral recognition of tyrosine enantiomers.

A novel chiral sensing platform, 6-O-α-maltosyl-β-cyclodextrin (Mal-βCD)-based film, is proposed for selective electrochemical recognition of tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomers. Black phosphorus nanosheets (BP NSs) and Mal-βCD modified glassy carbon electrode (Mal-βCD/BP NSs/GCE) were prepared by a layer-to-layer drop-casting method, and the platform was easy to fabricate and facile to operate. It is proposed that the amino and hydroxyl groups of the Tyr enantiomers and the chiral hydroxyl groups of Mal-βCD selectively form intermolecular hydrogen bonds to dominate effective chiral recognition.

General anesthesia affecting on developing brain: evidence from animal to clinical research.

As the recent update of General anaesthesia compared to spinal anaesthesia (GAS) studies has been published in 2019, together with other clinical evidence, the human studies provided an overwhelming mixed evidence of an association between anaesthesia exposure in early childhood and later neurodevelopment changes in children. Pre-clinical studies in animals provided strong evidence on how anaesthetic and sedative agents (ASAs) causing neurotoxicity in developing brain and deficits in long-term cognitive functions. However pre-clinical results cannot translate to clinical practice directly.

Dexmedetomidine Attenuates High Glucose-induced HK-2 Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition by Inhibiting AKT and ERK.

Objective: To explore the protective effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) against high glucose-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in HK-2 cells and relevant mechanisms.

Methods: HK-2 cells were exposed to either glucose or glucose+Dex for 6 h. The production of ROS, morphology of HK-2 cells, and cell cycle were detected.

Propofol Target-controlled Infusion in Anesthesia Induction during Painless Gastroscopy.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using the eyelash reflex as an indicator to calculate the individualised optimal target concentration in anesthesia induction during painless gastroscopy.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Place And Duration Of Study: China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, China, from January to December in 2016.

Efficacy of different analgesic or sedative drug therapies in pediatric patients with congenital heart disease undergoing surgery: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Surgery is an effective therapy for congenital heart disease (CHD) and the management after surgery poses challenges for the clinical workers. We performed this network meta-analysis to enhance the corresponding evidence with respect to the relative efficacy of different drug treatments applied after the CHD surgery.

Methods: Embase and PubMed were systematically retrieved to identify all published controlled trials investigating the effectiveness of drugs for patients up to 25 August, 2018.

Ginsenoside impedes proliferation and induces apoptosis of human osteosarcoma cells by down-regulating β-catenin.

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most commonly occurred primary bone malignancy with high incident rates among children and adolescents. In pharmacologic treatment, the drug ginsenoside has been shown to exert anticancer effects on several malignant diseases. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of ginsenoside on the apoptosis and proliferation of human OS MG-63 and Saos-2 cells by regulating the expression of β-catenin.

Long non-coding RNA LINC00968 attenuates drug resistance of breast cancer cells through inhibiting the Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway by regulating WNT2.

Background: Breast cancer is one the most common cancers, making it the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), with tightly regulated expression patterns, also serve as tumor suppressor during tumorigenesis. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of LINC00968 in breast cancer via WNT2-mediated Wnt2/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Cytosolic HMGB1 Mediates Autophagy Activation in an Emulsified Isoflurane Anesthesia Cell Model.

Inhalation anesthetic isoflurane may cause an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Previous studies have indicated that this cognitive decline is associated with neuroinflammation mediated by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). HMGB1 is released from cells and acts as a damage-associated molecule in neurodegenerative diseases.

A novel electrochemical chiral interface based on the synergistic effect of polysaccharides for the recognition of tyrosine enantiomers.

Electrochemical chiral interface based on two polysaccharides, soluble starch (SS) and chitosan (CS), was fabricated and used for chiral recognition of tyrosine (Tyr) enantiomers via square wave voltammetry (SWV). The SS-CS composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the oxidation peak current ratio of L-Tyr to D-Tyr (I/I) and the difference between the peak potential (ΔEp = E - E) were observed to be 1.

Downregulation of the long noncoding RNA MBNL1-AS1 protects sevoflurane-pretreated mice against ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting KCNMA1.

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is the most common and cost-effective treatment for older adults with long-standing osteoarthritis. During TKA, muscle cells suffer from prolonged oxygen deficiency, which leads to altered cell metabolism that reduces the energy demand and maintains cell homeostasis before blood flow is restored. This study focused on the role of the lncRNA muscleblind-like 1 antisense RNA 1 (MBNL1-AS1) in protecting sevoflurane-pretreated mice against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury after TKA, as well as the elucidation of the potential associated mechanism.

Propofol elicits autophagy via endoplasmic reticulum stress and calcium exchange in C2C12 myoblast cell line.

In this study, we investigated the relationship between propofol and autophagy and examined whether this relationship depends on ER stress, production of ROS (reactive oxygen species), and disruption of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. To this end, we measured C2C12 cell apoptosis in vitro, along with Ca2+ levels; ROS production; and expression of proteins and genes associated with autophagy, Ca2+ homeostasis, and ER stress, including LC3 (microtubule-associate protein 1 light chain 3), p62, AMPK (adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase), phosphorylated AMPK, mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin), phosphorylated mTOR, CHOP (C/BEP homologous protein), and Grp78/Bip (78 kDa glucose-regulated protein). We found that propofol treatment induced autophagy, ER stress, and Ca2+ release.

Analgesic effects of microRNA-129-5p against bone cancer pain through the EphB1/EphrinB2 signaling pathway in mice.

The study aims to investigate the analgesic effects of microRNA-129-5p (miR-129-5p) on bone cancer pain (BCP) by targeting Eph receptor B1 (EphB1) through the EphB1/EphrinB2 signaling pathway. BCP mice models were established, and C3H/HeJ female mice were classified into the normal, blank, negative control (NC), miR-129-5p mimics, miR-129-5p inhibitors, EphB1 knockout (KO), and miR-129-5p inhibitors + EphB1 KO groups. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate the miR-129-5p expression, and messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expressions of EphB1, p-EphB1, EphrinB2, and p-EphrinB2.

LncRNA NONRATT021972 Was Associated with Neuropathic Pain Scoring in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs were involved in the processes of diabetes. Our study was aimed to explore clinical potential of LncRNA NONRATT021972 in diabetic neuropathic pain and investigate detailed mechanisms.

Methods: 154 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled as experimental group paired with control.

Effects of Patient-Controlled Epidural Analgesia and Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia on Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Spinal Fusion Surgery.

We compared the outcomes of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in analgesia after spinal fusion surgery. A total of 120 patients who underwent spinal fusion surgeries between April 2013 and April 2015 at Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital were selected for this study based on defined inclusion criteria. All patients were randomly divided into 2 groups before surgery: PCEA group (n = 65) and PCIA group (n = 55).

Comparison of pain relief between patient-controlled epidural analgesia and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for patients undergoing spinal fusion surgeries.

Introduction: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the postoperative analgesic effects of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) and patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) for patients undergoing spinal fusion surgeries.

Method: Relevant articles were identified using computerized and manual search strategies. Statistical analyses were undertaken by the CMA 2.

Complications and adverse effects associated with intraoperative nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery under general anesthesia.

This study covers a large cohort of patients (3,029 cases) who underwent thyroid surgery under intraoperative nerve monitoring (IONM). Most common problems and complications associated with the surgery were identified and analyzed. On the basis of this analysis, we provide some practical advices and suggestions which specialists in the field will find useful in their surgical practice.

Epigenetic upregulation of Cdk5 in the dorsal horn contributes to neuropathic pain in rats.

Numerous reports have shown that cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), a proline-directed serine/threonine kinase, critically contributes to the induction and maintenance of chronic pain induced by peripheral inflammation and nerve injury. Recent evidence has also suggested the critical role of an epigenetic mechanism in the setting of chronic pain. The present study aims to elucidate the cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-mediated upregulation of Cdk5 and its functional significance in rats with neuropathic pain induced by chronic constriction injury (CCI) in the sciatic nerve.

[Clinical significance of liver function and autoantibodies in patients with acute or chronic drug-induced liver injury].

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of liver function and autoantibodies in patients with acute or chronic drug-induced liver injury.

Methods: 51 patients with drug-induced liver injury were divided into acute drug induced liver injury group and chronic drug induced liver injury group, liver function and autoantibodies were compared between these two groups.

Results: There was no significant difference (P more than 0.