[A review on the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in children with coronavirus disease 2019].

With the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) all over the world, there is an increasing number of children with such infection. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), one of the binding sites for SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans, can bind to viral spike proteins, allowing transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) to activate S-protein to trigger infection and induce the production of various inflammatory factors such as interleukin-1, interferon-l, and tumor necrosis factor. Compared with adults, children tend to have lower expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, which are presumed to be associated with milder symptoms and fewer cases in children.

Effectiveness of backward walking for people affected by stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Backward walking (BW) training is increasingly used in rehabilitation for stroke, but relevant evidence remains unclear.

Objective: To determine the effect of BW training on patients with stroke.

Methods: A keyword search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure database for articles published until November, 2019.

[Spatial autocorrelation analysis of land use and ecosystem service value in Maduo County, Qinghai Province, China at the grid scale].

Research on the spatial quantitative evaluation of land use and ecosystem service value in the source region of the Yellow River is of great significance for ensuring the ecological security of the river basin. Taking Maduo County in the source region of the Yellow River as an example, based on a 3 km × 3 km grid unit, the spatial autocorrelation method was applied to construct an evaluation model of ecosystem service value. The spatial autocorrelation pattern characteristics of Maduo County in 2015 was quantitatively evaluated, and the spatial information of ecosystem service value was visually expressed.

Effect of Early and Intensive Rehabilitation after Ischemic Stroke on Functional Recovery of the Lower Limbs: A Pilot, Randomized Trial.

Objective: We aimed to develop an early and intense lower extremity training technique using a recumbent cycle ergometer system in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: This was a pilot, prospective, randomized, controlled study with 2 parallel groups followed for 3 months with blinded assessment of outcomes. Thirty-one eligible patients were randomized to experimental and control groups.

EGFR mediates astragaloside IV-induced Nrf2 activation to protect cortical neurons against in vitro ischemia/reperfusion damages.

In this study, we tested the potential role of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) against oxygen and glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R)-induced damages in murine cortical neurons, and studied the associated signaling mechanisms. AS-IV exerted significant neuroprotective effects against OGD/R by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, thereby attenuating oxidative stress and neuronal cell death. We found that AS-IV treatment in cortical neurons resulted in NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling activation, evidenced by Nrf2 Ser-40 phosphorylation, and its nuclear localization, as well as transcription of antioxidant-responsive element (ARE)-regulated genes: heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1) and sulphiredoxin 1 (SRXN-1).

Slip effects on mixed convective peristaltic transport of copper-water nanofluid in an inclined channel.

Peristaltic transport of copper-water nanofluid in an inclined channel is reported in the presence of mixed convection. Both velocity and thermal slip conditions are considered. Mathematical modelling has been carried out using the long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximations.

SOX2 overexpression correlates with poor prognosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: The aim of present study was to investigate the expression of SOX2, a key transcription factor, in LSCC and to assess its prognostic significance.

Methods: SOX2 expression of 161 LSCC tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry using a tissue microarray and statistically analyzed for its correlation with clinicopathological charateristics and patient outcome. In addition, SOX2 expression was also observed in 20 self-paired fresh LSCC tissues by western blot.

Chronic caffeine treatment attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced by guinea pig spinal cord homogenates in Wistar rats.

Dysfunction of adenosinergic systems has been implicated in the development of multiple sclerosis in humans and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in animals. Caffeine, a non-selective antagonist of adenosine receptors, has been shown to provide protection against myelin oligodendroglia glycoprotein (MOG)-induced EAE in mice. In this study, we showed that chronic caffeine similarly imparts neuroprotection against EAE induced in rats by guinea pig spinal cord homogenates (GPSCH).

Idazoxan attenuates spinal cord injury by enhanced astrocytic activation and reduced microglial activation in rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

Idazoxan, an imidazoline 2 receptor (I(2)R) ligand, has been shown to protect against brain injury in several animal models of neurological disorders. In the present study we investigated the effect of idazoxan on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis. EAE was induced by immunizing Wistar rats with guinea pig spinal cord homogenates emulsified in CFA, followed by daily treatment of idazoxan (0, 0.

[Detection of serum biomakers of osteosarcoma by proteomic profiling].

Objective: To detect differentially expressed proteins in serum of patient with osteosarcoma.

Methods: 8 serum protein samples were recruited (4 cases of osteosarcoma and 4 cases of normal adults), cross-labeled with variant CyDye, followed by two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2-D DIGE), image analysis, and identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS).

Results: 24 protein spot-features were significantly increased, and 34 were significantly decreased in the serum from patients with osteosarcoma relative to the controls.

Establishment and characteristics of two syngeneic human osteosarcoma cell lines from primary tumor and skip metastases.

Aim: To characterize and compare the different biological behaviors of 2 novel human osteosarcoma cell lines, Zos and Zos-M, established respectively from the primary tumor and the skip metastasis of an osteosarcoma patient.

Methods: In vitro studies included morphological observations, karyotype analysis, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide cell proliferation assay, and cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Subcutaneous and intravenous inoculations into nude mice were carried out to study the tumorigenicity and the metastatic potential.

Comparative proteomic analysis of human osteosarcoma and SV40-immortalized normal osteoblastic cell lines.

Aim: Comparative proteomics provide a powerful approach in screening for alterations in protein levels and post-translational modifications that are associated with tumors. In the present study, we aimed to identify candidate biomarkers to distinguish osteosarcoma (OS) cells from normal osteoblastic cells.

Methods: We employed 3 OS cell lines (U2OS, IOR/OS9, and SaOS-2), and used the SV40-immortalized normal osteoblastic cell line (hFOB1.

Bufalin induces apoptosis in human osteosarcoma U-2OS and U-2OS methotrexate300-resistant cell lines.

Aim: To investigate the antiproliferative activity and apoptosis-inducing effects of bufalin on human osteosarcoma cell lines.

Methods: U-2OS and U-2OS methotrexate (MTX) 300-resistant cell lines were treated with bufalin. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay.

2-D DIGE and MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of the serum proteome in human osteosarcoma.

We performed 2-D DIGE on proteins prepared from serum obtained from patients with osteosarcoma (OS) and controls, to identify differentially expressed proteins that might serve as serum biomarkers for OS prognosis. Proteins found to be differentially expressed were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis, coupled with database interrogation. We compared serum samples from four individuals with OS to four age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

[Analysis of the factors affecting the recurrence of giant cell tumor of bone].

Objective: To analyze the clinical factors affecting the recurrence of giant cell tumors (GCT) of bone.

Methods: The complete data of 146 cases with GCT were reviewed. Thirteen clinical factors were analyzed by chi(2) analysis.

[Changes of alkaline phosphatase sugar chains in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue].

Objective: To investigate the changes of sugar chain structures of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in hepatoma tissue and its relation to the invasiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: The binding ratios of ALP from 9 normal liver tissues, 16 hepatoma tissues and 16 noncancerous tissues surrounding hepatoma were analysed by affinity chromatography on various lectin columns including leukoagglutinating phytohemagglutinin (L-PHA), lentil lectin (LCA), Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA), erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin (E-PHA) and Sambucus nigra bark agglutinin (SNA).

Results: The binding ratios of ALP on L-PHA (22.