Caribbean maitotoxin elevates [Ca(2+)]i and activates non-selective cation channels in HIT-T15 cells.

Aim: To investigate the cytotoxic mechanism of caribbean maitotoxin (MTX-C) in mammalian cells.

Methods: We used whole-cell patch-clamp techniques and fluorescence calcium imaging to determine the cellular toxic mechanisms of MTX-C in insulin secreting HIT-T15 cells, which is a system where the effects of MTX have been observed. HIT-T15 cells stably express L-type calcium current, making it a suitable model for this study.

[Relationship between condylar marrow signal abnormalities and temporomandibular joint internal derangement].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between condylar marrow signal abnormalities and temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJID).

Methods: Oblique sagittal T1 weighted MR imaging at closed and open mouth and Oblique sagittal T2 weighted MR imaging at closed mouth were obtained from 88 joints of 44 patients suffering from TMD. Condylar marrow signal abnormalities were reviewed and classified into bone marrow edema pattern (hypointense T1, hyperintense T2), sclerosis pattern (hypointense T1 and hypointense T2) and combined edema and sclerosis pattern.

[Relationship between condylar marrow signal abnormalities and temporomandibular joint pain].

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between condylar marrow signal abnormalities and joint pain.

Methods: Oblique sagittal T1 and T2 weighted MR imaging at closed mouth was obtained from 88 joints of 44 patients who complained of unilateral TMJ pain. The condylar marrow signal of pain-free side served as self-control.