Underactuated AUV Nonlinear Finite-Time Tracking Control Based on Command Filter and Disturbance Observer.

The three-dimensional (3D) path following problem of an underactuated autonomous underwater vehicle with ocean currents disturbances is addressed in this paper. Firstly, the motion equation under the ocean currents disturbance is established, and the dynamic model of 3D tracking error is constructed based on virtual guidance method. Then, a finite-time control scheme based on super-twisting observer and command filtered backstepping technology is proposed.

The highly conserved 5' untranslated region as an effective target towards the inhibition of Enterovirus 71 replication by unmodified and appropriate 2'-modified siRNAs.

Background: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a highly infectious agent that plays an etiological role in hand, foot, and mouth disease. It is associated with severe neurological complications and has caused significant mortalities in recent large-scale outbreaks. Currently, no effective vaccine or specific clinical therapy is available against EV71.

[Epidemiological analysis on leprosy in China, 2009].

Objective: To study the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy and to provide evidence for specific strategies development on leprosy control.

Methods: Descriptive analysis of data from the national leprosy surveillance system was carried out in 2009.

Results: A total number of 1597 new cases were detected in 2009 with a case detection rate of 0.

[Preparation, characterization and application of anti-human adenovirus monoclonal antibody with neutralization activity.].

Aim: To prepare, identify and apply anti-human adenoviru(HAdv)neutralization monoclonal antibody(mAb).

Methods: BALB/c mice were immunized with live human adenovirus type3(HAdv-3) strain intranarially. Sp2/0 cells were fused with the spleen cells harvested from BALB/c mice.

[Association between hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Xi'an and enterovirus 71].

Objective: To isolate the prevalent strain of enterovirus 71 (EV71) in Xi'an area in 2008, and compare the concordance of viral isolation, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescent technique in detecting EV71, find the fast and effective method for detection, and analyze the differences between the EV71 strains isolated from Xi'an and Fuyang, Anhui.

Method: Virus isolation and RT-PCR were carried out on vesicle fluid and throat swab specimens that were collected from the patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease, RD and HEp-2 cell lines were used for viral isolation. The virus was identified by using immunofluorescence technique.

Mathematical guide to minimize donor size in full-thickness skin grafting.

Background: Full-thickness skin grafting is a common repair option in dermatologic surgery. Generally, a 3:1 ellipse is designed for the donor area. This results in occasional large donor site defects.

[A long-term evolution on the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy, towards the goal of its elimination in 1949 - 2007 in China].

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of leprosy during the evolution of the disease, towards the goal of elimination for the past 50 years and longer, so as to provide experiences for accelerating eradication of leprosy in China.

Methods: Data were collected from National Surveillance System of Leprosy which was composed annually of all the data from county-based leprosy unit reporting system. All the data were reviewed retrospectively.

[Construction and preliminary panning of Fab phage display antibody library against respiratory syncytial virus].

Objective: To construct a human phage display antibody library, which will help to develop new drugs and vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and solve many of the issues that have limited the progression and application of murine monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) in the clinic. This can provide a platform for human antibody preparation and diagnosis, prophylaxis and therapy of RSV infection in children.

Methods: Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated from 52 children with RSV infection.

[Fusion expression of human beta defensin 4 in Escherichia coli and preparation of its polyclonal antibody].

Aim: To construct the prokaryotic fusion expression vector of human beta defensin 4 (HBD4), and to express GST-HBD4 fusion protein in Escherichia coli (E.coli) and prepare polyclonal antibody of GST-HBD4.

Methods: The gene encoding mature peptide of HBD4 (mHBD4) was amplified by PCR from cloning vector PMD18-T/HBD4 which contained the full-length HBD4 cDNA and then cloned into prokaryotic expression vector PGEX-4T-2 to construct PGEX-4T-2/mHBD4.

[Comparative proteome analysis of human papillomavirus-infected cervical specimens and the difference between the high- and low-risk genotypes of human papillomavirus].

Objective: To perform an comparative proteome analysis of human papillomavirus-infected cervical specimens and to investigate different expressions between high- and low-risk genotypes.

Methods: The cervical specimens were divided into two groups (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia group and condyloma acuminatum group) according to their genotypes. Using comparative proteome technology, high-risk human papillomavirus-infected cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, low-risk human papillomavirus-infected condyloma acuminatum, and normal cervical intraepithelial tissue were compared.

[Effects of Baobaole oral liquid on neuron excitability of feeding center in anorectic rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of Baobaole oral liquid on neuronal excitability in lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and ventromedial hypothalamic nuclear (VMN) in anorectic rats.

Methods: The anorectic rat model was established by feeding with special prepared forage for a week, and then Baobaole oral liquid, a liquid extract of a compound traditional Chinese medicine for activating spleen, was administered once a day for 3 weeks. Finally, extracellular recording from LHA and VMN neurons in rats were made in order to characterize their responses to gastric vagal nerve stimulation and intravenous injection of glucose in the normal, untreated, and Baobaole-treated groups.

Syphilis in China: results of a national surveillance programme.

Background: After a massive syphilis epidemic in the first half of the 20th century, China was able to eliminate this infection for 20 years (1960-80). However, substantial changes in Chinese society have been followed by a resurgent epidemic of sexually transmitted diseases. Sporadic reports have provided clues to the magnitude of the spread of syphilis, but a national surveillance effort is needed to provide data for planning and intervention.

Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among long-distance truck drivers in Tongling, China.

Little is known about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV, among truck drivers in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted among truck drivers in Tongling of Anhui Province. A total of 550 truck drivers were interviewed with a structured questionnaire, and blood samples were collected and tested for HIV, syphilis, and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2), and urine specimens for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis.

[Effect of er'bao granule on integration of ingestion behavior-related information by neurons in lateral hypothalamic area of anorexia rats].

Objective: To confirm the effect of Er'bao granule (EBG) on the sensitivity to peripheral afferent signal of neurons in lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) to illustrate the central mechanism of EBG in promoting ingestion behavior.

Methods: The anorexia rat model was established by feeding special prepared forage for one week, and all the model rats were administrated with EBG by gavage for 3 weeks. The spontaneous discharge of LHA neurons was recorded using electro-physiological extracellular recording method, and its response to electrical stimulus on gastric vagus nerve and intravenous injection of glucose were observed and compared among the normal, model and treated groups.

[Treatment of respiratory syncytial virus by intravenous gamma-globulin].

Aim: To explore in vitro and in vivo the effect of the intravenous gamma-globulin (IVgammaG) on the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Methods: (1) The microdose cytopathogenic inhibition assay (MCIA) was used to observe the effect of different concentrations of IVgammaG on RSV replication. (2) 40 BALB/c mice were infected with RSV and then randomly divided into four groups: namely, the IVgammaG treatment group, the ribavirin treatment group, the Palivizumab treatment group and the normal saline group (control group).

[Long-term results after the correction of the paralytic ectropion caused with leprosy in 115 eyes].

Objective: To analyze the long-term results after the correction of the paralytic ectropion in leprosy.

Methods: Seventy-four patients with 115 paralytic ectropion eyes after leprosy were treated with the surgical procedures included medial canthoplasty, medial canthal tendon plication, lateral tarsal strip, medial canthal resection, lateral canthoplasty, and lid shortening. The results were evaluated with the follow-ups from 2 to 4 years.

[Genetic diversity of human Parvovirus B19 VP1 unique region].

Objective: Human Parvovirus B19 (HPV B19) is a small (23 nm), non-enveloped DNA virus found in 1974. It has been proved that HPV B19 is associated with a variety of childhood diseases, such as erythema infectious, transient aplastic crisis, aplastic anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and arthropathy, etc. There have been no any effective vaccines to prevent HPV B19 infection so far.