Fluorescence enhancement of cyanine/hemicyanine dyes with adamantane as an auxochrome through host-guest inclusion with methylated cyclodextrin in water.

Fluorescence of cyanine dyes is often quenched in aqueous solution, limiting their application in water or biological system. In this work, a novel strategy of host-guest interaction based on cyanine derivatives containing auxochromes was proposed to enhance fluorescence in aqueous solution and cell imaging. By using the host (methylated β-cyclodextrin, M-β-CD) to inclusion and suppress the TICT effect of the dye, the fluorescence was significantly enhanced at lower host concentration.

One-step Macrocycle-to-Macrocycle Conversion Towards Two New Macrocyclic Arenes with Different Structures and Properties.

Two new macrocyclic arenes H1 and H2 were conveniently synthesized by the one-step reaction of carboxylic acid substituted octopus[3]arene. It was found that H1 was composed of three ethenoanthracene subunits with a rigid hexagonal structure and H2 contained two ethenoanthracene subunits and one anthracene subunit with a rigid house-shaped structure. Among them, H2 exhibited strong blue fluorescence due to the existence of an anthracene subunit.

Chiral Co-assembly Based on a Stimuli-Responsive Polymer towards Amplified Full-Color Circularly Polarized Luminescence.

Stimuli-responsive circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials have been attaching wide attention in the field of optical information storage and encryption, while still facing the challenge of the realization of high luminescence dissymmetry factors (g). This work presents a pair of stimuli-responsive chiral co-assemblies P7R3 and P7S3 by combining polymer PFIQ containing iso-quinoline units with chiral inducers. The obtained chiral co-assemblies can reversibly undergo significant modification in CPL behavior under trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) fumigation and annealing treatment, with the |g| values exhibiting a reversible shift between 0.

Self-Assembled Chiral Polymers Exhibiting Amplified Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence.

Circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) is highly promising in realm of 3D display and optical data storage. However, designing a groundbreaking chiral material with high comprehensive CPEL performance remains a formidable challenge. In this work, a pair of chiral polymers with self-assembled behavior is designed by integrating a chiral BN-moiety into polyfluorene backbone, named R-PBN and S-PBN, respectively.

Single-Molecule White Circularly Polarized Photoluminescence and Electroluminescence from Dual-Emission Enantiomers.

The strategy of integrating conformational isomerization donors and chiral acceptors in a single molecule was proposed to construct white circularly polarized luminescence (WCPL) materials in this work. Consequently, a pair of dual-emission enantiomers, namely (R/S)-DO-PTZ, were designed and synthesized, which displayed white emission with blue and yellow dual-emission bands in solution and solid films with Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.30, 0.

Cucurbit[7]uril as the host of adamantane-modified dyes for fluorescence enhancement in aqueous environments.

Taking advantage of the excellent host-guest complexation ability between an auxochrome (adamantane group) and CB[7], the fluorescence emission performance of dyes in water was effectively improved with the addition of two equivalents of CB[7], which provided an efficient method for increasing fluorescence intensity in aqueous environments. Furthermore, these dyes with the host were successfully used in cell imaging.

Synthesis and properties of an -doped aromatic belt.

A new macrocyclic arene, dibenzofuran[3]arene, was synthesized, which could be conveniently transformed to an -doped aromatic belt with a rigid ring-shaped structure and deep cavity. Moreover, the -doped aromatic belt also showed a high HOMO energy and a narrow HOMO-LUMO gap experimentally and theoretically.

Acceptor Copolymerized Axially Chiral Conjugated Polymers with TADF Properties for Efficient Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence.

Chiral conjugated polymer has promoted the development of the efficient circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL) device, nevertheless, it remains a challenge to develop chiral polymers with high electroluminescence performance. Herein, by the acceptor copolymerization of axially chiral biphenyl emitting skeleton and benzophenone, a pair of axially chiral conjugated polymers namely R-PAC and S-PAC are synthesized. The target polymers exhibit obvious thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) activities with high photoluminescence quantum yields of 81%.

B,N-Embedded Hetero[9]helicene Toward Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence.

The intrinsic helical π-conjugated skeleton makes helicenes highly promising for circularly polarized electroluminescence (CPEL). Generally, carbon helicenes undergo low external quantum efficiency (EQE), while the incorporation of a multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) BN structure has led to an improvement. However, the reported B,N-embedded helicenes all show low electroluminescence dissymmetry factors (g), typically around 1×10.

Naphth[4]arene: Synthesis, Conformations, and Application in Color-Tunable Supramolecular Crystalline Assemblies.

Although the chemistry of macrocyclic arenes has seen rapid development in recent years, the synthesis of new macrocyclic arenes from aromatic rings with no directing groups remains a challenge. In this work, a new macrocyclic arene, naphth[4]arene (NA[4]A), composed of four naphthalene rings bridged by methylene groups, was synthesized using macrocycle-to-macrocycle conversion. NA[4]A shows 1,3-alternate and 1,2-alternate conformations in the solid state, which can be selectively obtained.

Data-driven criterion for the solid-liquid transition of two-dimensional self-propelled colloidal particles far from equilibrium.

We establish an explicit data-driven criterion for identifying the solid-liquid transition of two-dimensional self-propelled colloidal particles in the far from equilibrium parameter regime, where the transition points predicted by different conventional empirical criteria for melting and freezing diverge. This is achieved by applying a hybrid machine learning approach that combines unsupervised learning with supervised learning to analyze a huge amount of the system's configurations in the nonequilibrium parameter regime on an equal footing. Furthermore, we establish a generic data-driven evaluation function, according to which the performance of different empirical criteria can be systematically evaluated and improved.

Multisite survey of bacterial contamination in ready-to-eat meat products throughout the cooking and selling processes in urban supermarket, Nanjing, China.

Objective: Ready-to-eat (RTE) meat is a kind of popular instant food easily contaminated by microbes, which is one of the causes of foodborne diseases. This study analyzes the possible sources of RTE food bacterial contamination during processing and subsequent selling.

Method: Samples of eight kinds of RTE meat were collected from four supermarkets in Nanjing, China.

Reactive oxygen species inhibits invasion into HepG2 epithelial cells.

(Lm) can colonize human gastrointestinal tract and subsequently cross the intestinal barrier. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced by NADPH oxidase. However, the role of ROS in bacterial invasion remains to be less understood.

Overexpression of long non-coding RNA H19 is associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer and increased proliferation and migration in colon cancer cells.

Long non-coding RNA-imprinted maternally expressed transcript (non-protein coding) (H19) has been previously identified to be involved in the development of a number of types of cancer. However, the function of H19 in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer remains unclear. The expression level of H19 in colorectal tumor tissues, and the association between H19 expression and clinicopathological variables and prognosis was investigated in the present study.

Effect of Long Noncoding RNA H19 Overexpression on Intestinal Barrier Function and Its Potential Role in the Pathogenesis of Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Recently, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19 has been reported to be related with VDR signaling and the development of inflammatory diseases including osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the expression level of H19 and VDR in ulcerative colitis (UC) tissues and to investigate the effect of H19 overexpression on intestinal epithelial barrier function.

Methods: The expression level of H19, miR-675-5p, and VDR in UC tissues and paired normal tissues collected from 12 patients with UC was investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Targeting HCCR expression resensitizes gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy via down-regulating the activation of STAT3.

The human cervical cancer oncogene (HCCR) has been found to be overexpressed in a variety of human cancers. However, the level of expression of HCCR and its biological function in gastric cancer are largely unknown. In this study, we evaluated HCCR expression in several gastric cancer cell lines and in one normal gastric mucosal cell line.

Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide on TNF-α and IFN-γ-induced injury of intestinal epithelial barrier function in Caco-2 monolayers.

Background And Aim: Studies have verified the protective effect of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) on gastric ulcer and ulcerative colitis, but the mechanisms are not fully illustrated. In this study, the possible protective effect of H2S on TNF-α/IFN-γ induced barrier dysfunction was investigated in Caco-2 cell monolayers.

Method: The barrier function of Caco-2 monolayers was evaluated by measuring trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and FITC-Dextran 4 kDa (FD-4) trans-membrane flux.

Protective effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on ethanol-induced intestinal barrier injury both in vitro and in vivo.

Studies have suggested the role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) in protecting intestinal barrier function from injuries induced by multiple reagents. Vitamin D deficiency was reported to be associated with poor prognosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). This study is designed to investigate the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on ethanol-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and the underlying mechanisms utilizing Caco-2 cell monolayers and a mouse model with acute ethanol injury.

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase inhibits the translocation of bacteria of gut-origin in mice with peritonitis: mechanism of action.

Exogenous intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), an enzyme produced endogenously at the brush edge of the intestinal mucosa, may mitigate the increase in aberrant intestinal permeability increased during sepsis. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of the inhibitory effect of IAP on acute intestinal inflammation and to study the molecular mechanisms underlying IAP in ameliorating intestinal permeability. We used an in vivo imaging method to evaluate disease status and the curative effect of IAP.

Aberrant methylation of the SPARC gene promoter and its clinical implication in gastric cancer.

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) gene has been shown to be epigenetically silenced in several cancers. We investigated the loss of expression and promoter methylation of this tumor suppressor gene in gastric cancers and correlated the data with clinicopathological features. We observed the loss of SPARC mRNA and SPARC protein expression in 7 of 10 (70%) gastric cancer cell lines.

Protective effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 on lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal epithelial tight junction injury in caco-2 cell monolayers.

Lipopolysaccharide was found to be elevated in the plasma of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and may play an important role in the pathogenesis and propagation of these intestinal diseases. To illustrate the destructive effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and to test the protective effect of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) on LPS-induced barrier injury, an in vitro intestinal epithelia barrier model was established with Caco-2 monolayers and treated with clinically relevant concentrations (1-10 ng/ml) of LPS with or without 1,25(OH)2D3. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and FITC-Dextran 40kda (FD-40) flux were measured to reflect monolayer permeability.

[Experimental study of radiofrequency ablation of liver in swine].

Objective: To explore the feasibility and efficacy of multiple-radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in swine liver.

Methods: One swine undergone percutaneous and intra-operative RFA for three times in succession (an interval of 5 days) guided by real-time ultrasound. Then 6 ablated lesions formed.

Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) suppresses angiogenesis by down-regulating the expression of VEGF and MMP-7 in gastric cancer.

Background: Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is a glycoprotein that functions to inhibit angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasion in different types of cancer. The ability of SPARC to modulate neovascularisation is believed to be mediated in part by its ability to modulate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of SPARC expression in gastric cancer cells on proliferation and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.