Interaction between Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances (PFAS) and Acetaminophen in Disease Exacerbation-Focusing on Autism and the Gut-Liver-Brain Axis.

This review presents a new perspective on the exacerbation of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) through the gut-liver-brain axis. We have summarized evidence reported on the involvement of the gut microbiome and liver inflammation that led to the onset and exacerbation of ASD symptoms. As PFAS are toxicants that particularly target liver, this review has comprehensively explored the possible interaction between PFAS and acetaminophen, another liver toxicant, as the chemicals of interest for future toxicology research.

[Response of Microbial Biomass Carbon and Nitrogen and Rice Quality in a Yellow Soil Paddy Field to Biochar Combined with Nitrogen Fertilizer].

The effects of biochar combined with nitrogen fertilizer on soil microbial carbon, nitrogen (SMBC, SMBN), and rice yield and quality were investigated to provide a scientific basis for soil fertilization and nitrogen fertilizer reduction. Using a field experiment, we set up a nitrogen reduction gradient (T0-T4):0, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% reductions. The same amount of biochar nitrogen was used as the substitute and no nitrogen fertilizer was used as the control (CK).

Integrated backlight module to provide a collimated and uniform planar light source.

We report a novel integrated backlight module (IBLM), which is composed of a compound optical film (COF) and a light guide plate (LGP) without any microstructure. The COF proposed in the paper comprises functions of a conventional microstructure that adjusts the emergent light and two cross brightness enhancement films (BEF). The four surfaces of the LGP are coated with highly reflective film.

Fast optimization method based on the diffuser dot density for uniformity of the backlight module.

A fast optimization method based on the diffuser dot density (DDD) for uniformity of the backlight module (BLM) is proposed in the paper. First, the relationship between the efficiency of the light emerging and the DDD is analyzed, and then a simulation model that is employed to acquire a serial of simulating data is constructed. Second, a mathematic method to profit the relationship is adopted, and a polynomial relationship is derived.