De-Methyl Esterification Modification of Root Pectin Mediates Cd Accumulation of Lactuca sativa.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agricultural soil brings severe health risks through the dietary intake of Cd-polluted crops. The comprehensive role of pectin in lowering Cd accumulation is investigated through low Cd accumulated (L) and high Cd accumulated (H) cultivars of L. sativa.

Landform and lithospheric development contribute to the assembly of mountain floras in China.

Although it is well documented that mountains tend to exhibit high biodiversity, how geological processes affect the assemblage of montane floras is a matter of ongoing research. Here, we explore landform-specific differences among montane floras based on a dataset comprising 17,576 angiosperm species representing 140 Chinese mountain floras, which we define as the collection of all angiosperm species growing on a specific mountain. Our results show that igneous bedrock (granitic and karst-granitic landforms) is correlated with higher species richness and phylogenetic overdispersion, while the opposite is true for sedimentary bedrock (karst, Danxia, and desert landforms), which is correlated with phylogenetic clustering.

Application of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiac arrhythmia.

The rapid growth in computational power, sensor technology, and wearable devices has provided a solid foundation for all aspects of cardiac arrhythmia care. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been instrumental in bringing about significant changes in the prevention, risk assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of arrhythmia. This review examines the current state of AI in the diagnosis and treatment of atrial fibrillation, supraventricular arrhythmia, ventricular arrhythmia, hereditary channelopathies, and cardiac pacing.

Novel and Neuroprotective Tetranortriterpenoids from Chinese Mangrove Xylocarpus granatum Koenig.

Eight new tetranortriterpenoids (1-8) were isolated from the twigs and leaves of the Chinese mangrove plant Xylocarpus granatum, together with four related known ones (9-12). The structures of new compounds were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis. The absolute configuration of 9-epixylogranatin A (1) was determined by time-dependent density functional theory-electronic circular dichroism (TDDFT-ECD) calculations of the solution conformers.

Testing stem cell therapy in a rat model of inflammatory bowel disease: role of bone marrow stem cells and stem cell factor in mucosal regeneration.

Background: The gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal cells turnover regularly under physiological conditions, which may be stimulated in various pathological situations including inflammation. Local epithelial stem cells appear to play a major role in such mucosal renewal or pathological regeneration. Less is clear about the involvement of multipotent stem cells from blood in GI repair.

Absolute configurations of integracins A, B, and 15'-dehydroxy-integracin B.

Integracins A (1) and B (2), potent HIV-1 integrase inhibitors, and 15'-dehydroxy-integracin B (3) were isolated for the first time from Chinese mangrove plant Sonneratia hainanensis. Their absolute configurations were determined by the Mosher's method and specific rotation analysis of alcohols (6 and 7) obtained from integracin A in two steps and by chemical correlation. Integracin A (1) also exhibited significant cytotoxicity against the tumor cell lines HepG2 and NCI-H460 with both 100% inhibitions at 25 µg/ml.

Paracaseolide A, first α-alkylbutenolide dimer with an unusual tetraquinane oxa-cage bislactone skeleton from Chinese mangrove Sonneratia paracaseolaris.

A novel α-alkylbutenolide dimer, paracaseolide A (2), characterized by an unusual tetraquinane oxa-cage bislactone skeleton bearing two linear alkyl chains, was isolated from the mangrove plant Sonneratia paracaseolaris. The structure of 2 was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. A plausible retrosynthetic pathway for paracaseolide A (2) was proposed.

Piperidine alkaloids from Chinese mangrove Sonneratia hainanensis.

A new diphenacyl-piperidine alkaloid, sonneratine A (2), identified as a piperidine ring bearing two phenacyl substitutes at C-2 and C-6, and a known related derivative, (+/-)1-(2-piperidyl)-4-( P-methoxyphenyl)-butanone-2 (3), were isolated from the leaves and stems of the Hainan mangrove Sonneratia hainanensis. The structure of the new compound was determined by extensive analysis of its spectroscopic data and by comparison of its NMR data with those reported in the literature.

Diastereoisomeric macrocyclic polydisulfides from the mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza.

The uncommon macrocyclic polydisulfides, trans-3,3'-dihydroxy-1,5,1',5'-tetrathiacyclodecane (1), cis-3,3'-dihydroxy-1,5,1',5'-tetrathiacyclodecane (2), along with five known related cyclic disulfides, gymnorrhizol (3), neogymnorrhizol (4), bruguiesulfurol (5), brugierol (6), and isobrugierol (7), were isolated from the mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza collected from Guangdong Province, China. Structures of compounds 1 and 2 were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data, by comparison of their NMR spectroscopic data with those of the co-occurring known compounds, as well as by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. A possible biogenetic origin was also proposed.