Risk factors for acute kidney injury or mortality and long-term follow-up in coronavirus disease 2019 infected patients in the era before vaccination.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe complication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is associated with a higher risk of mortality. Understanding the risk factors contributing to COVID-19-related AKI and mortality before vaccination is important for the initiation of preventative measures and early treatment strategies.

Methods: This study included patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with COVID-19 through polymerase chain reaction from May 2020 to July 2021, admitted in three local hospitals in Taiwan, with an extended follow-up until June 30, 2022.

Simulation and calibration of radiation monitoring of nuclear power plant containment sump waste liquid.

Waste liquid stored in the containment sumps of nuclear power plants may contain a variety of radionuclides. Real-time monitoring of containment sump waste liquid can ensure that accidents, such as leakage of cooling water, can be avoided. This paper presents the design of a radioactive monitoring system for waste liquid in a containment sump.

The non-linear relationship between serum albumin and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a secondary analysis based on a cross-sectional study.

Background: Most studies had shown a linear relationship between serum albumin (sALB) and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether their relationship is non-linear.

Methods: We included 426 patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from December 2017 to November 2018.

A closer association between blood urea nitrogen and the probability of diabetic retinopathy in patients with shorter type 2 diabetes duration.

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is an indicator of renal function and catabolic status in human body. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and a serious threat to the vision of diabetic patients. We included 426 type 2 diabetic patients who visited the endocrinology department of Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and received an ophthalmology consultation from December 2017 to November 2018.

[X-Ray Fluorescence Intensity Calculation for Micro-Particles via MCNPX and WDXRF Experiment].

In order to research the effect of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis on the results in the sample’s micro particles, MCNPX models had been established for an X-ray fluorescence analyzer in this paper. It had studied the characteristics of the samples with different particle sizes, the fluorescence peak counts, the peak to total ratios and the peak to source ratios. A micro particle analysis experiment had been designed for its verification.

[Analyzer Design of Atmospheric Particulate Matter's Concentration and Elemental Composition Based on β and X-Ray's Analysis Techniques].

Monitoring atmospheric particulate matter requires real-time analysis, such as particulate matter's concentrations, their element types and contents. An analyzer which is based on β and X rays analysis techniques is designed to meet those demands. Applying β-ray attenuation law and energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis principle, the paper introduces the analyzer's overall design scheme, structure, FPGA circuit hardware and software for the analyzer.

[Research on the Background Subtraction Method for X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrum with X-Ray Tube Excitation].

X-ray tube is the most commonly used equipment in X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis as excitation source whose primary spectrum has become a major source of the background of X-ray fluorescence spectrum. Background subtraction should go before further analysis of this spectrum. The accuracy of the estimation of the background directly affect the results of subsequent processing steps.

[The Study of Advanced Fundamental Parameter Method in EDXRFA].

The X-ray Fluorescence Analysis(XRFA) is an important and efficient method on the element anylsis and is used in geology, industry and environment protection. But XRFA has a backdraw that the determination limit and accuracy are effected by the matrix of the sample. Now the fundamental parameter is usually used to calculate the content of elements in XRFA, and it is an efficient method if the matrix and net area of characteristic X-ray peak are obtained.

[Application of the racial algorithm in energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence overlapped spectrum analysis].

In the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis, scintillation detector such as NaI (Tl) detector usually has a low energy resolution at around 8%. The low energy resolution causes problems in spectral data analysis especially in the high background and low counts condition, it is very limited to strip the overlapped spectrum, and the more overlapping the peaks are, the more difficult to peel the peaks, and the qualitative and quantitative analysis can't be carried out because we can't recognize the peak address and peak area. Based on genetic algorithm and immune algorithm, we build a new racial algorithm which uses the Euclidean distance as the judgment of evolution, the maximum relative error as the iterative criterion to be put into overlapped spectrum analysis, then we use the Gaussian function to simulate different overlapping degrees of the spectrum, and the racial algorithm is used in overlapped peak separation and full spectrum simulation, the peak address deviation is in +/- 3 channels, the peak area deviation is no more than 5%, and it is proven that this method has a good effect in energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence overlapped spectrum analysis.

[Research on the peak search method based on improved simulated annealing model for x-ray fluorescence spectrum].

In energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis technical analysis, the spectrum information processing has been being the focus of researches, spectrum smooth, peak-search, and peak area processing are the top priority, tA peak search method is based on simulated annealing algorithm principle, and to establish a new search peak model algorithm, this algorithm uses the advantages of the global convergence properties of simulated annealing and the Metropolis criterion is used as a peak valley judgment basis. A new decision criteria on peak valley array is used in this method, too. At the same time, convergence is taken from both ends of the spectrum channel address, it ends up when convergence reaches to the same optimal solution.

[Study on the effect of target thickness on output spectrum in transmission anode micro X-ray tube by MC method].

The transmission anode micro X-ray tube is a key component of energy dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Analysis (EDXRFA) as exciting source. So in EDXRFA we hope to get the primary X-ray spectrum which is simply distributed. In the present paper, the authors used the Monte Carlo (MC) method to study the spectrum character of the transmission anode micro X-ray tube with different thickness of target.