Porous carbon from tobacco stalk for removal of organic dyes from water.

Tobacco stalk, a kind of agricultural residue, will cause environmental pollution because it contains some harmful substances such as nicotine. To realize the high-value utilization of this agricultural residue, we prepared porous carbon (TS-C) by high temperature carbonization using tobacco stalk as a precursor. It was found that TS-C displays a hierarchical pore structure and high Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of 1416 m g.

[Expression of the costimulatory molecule BTLA in synovial tissues from rheumatoid arthritis patients].

Aim: To detect the expression of B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) antigen in synovial tissues from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients.

Methods: The expression and distribution of BTLA antigen was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, fluorescence double-staining was used to further identify the cell types expressing BTLA.