Chinese Medicine in Colorectal Cancer Treatment: From Potential Targets and Mechanisms to Clinical Application.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a global health challenge necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. There is an increasing trend toward the clinical application of integrative Chinese medicine (CM) and Western medicine approaches. Chinese herbal monomers and formulations exert enhanced antitumor effects by modulating multiple signaling pathways in tumor cells, including inhibiting cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis, suppressing angiogenesis, reversing multidrug resistance, inhibiting metastasis, and regulating immunity.

Human activities have opposing effects on distributions of narrow-ranged and widespread plant species in China.

Human activities have shaped large-scale distributions of many species, driving both range contractions and expansions. Species differ naturally in range size, with small-range species concentrated in particular geographic areas and potentially deviating ecologically from widespread species. Hence, species' responses to human activities may be influenced by their geographic range sizes, but if and how this happens are poorly understood.