Unprecedented Deep Ultraviolet (DUV) Birefringence in Fluorides Constructed from Linear π-Group Anisotropic Structure Building Units.

Advancing laser technologies requires maximizing the anisotropy of crystalline media and overcoming current birefringence limitations. We introduce the strategy of linear π group anisotropic structure building units (ABUCB), leading to an unprecedented large birefringence (Δn), a record-high Δnobv. of 0.

Visible-Light-Induced Regio- and Stereoselective C(sp)-H Trifluoroethylation of Enamides with 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl Iodide.

A photoredox-catalyzed regio- and stereoselective trifluoroethylation reaction of enamides using commercially available 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl iodide as trifluoroethylating agents has been developed, furnishing geometrically defined and synthetically and physiochemically pivotal β-trifluoroethylated enamides bearing a diverse range of functional groups.

[Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Microbial Nutrient Limitations and Carbon Use Efficiency in Lou Soil].

Soil microbial metabolism is vital for nutrient cycling and stability of an ecosystem. To elucidate the long-term effects of biochar application on nutrient limitations and carbon use efficiency (CUE) of soil microbial metabolisms, biochars pyrolyzed at 450℃ from trunks and branches of fruit trees under an oxygen-limited condition were mixed with the top Lou soils (0-20 cm) with application amounts of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 t·hm in 2012. Corn-wheat rotation was carried out afterwards for seven years.

miR-454 performs tumor-promoting effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma via reducing NR3C2.

Background: Aberrant miRNAs expression regulates the occurrence and progression of a variety of cancers, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This study aims to illustrate the potential effects of miR-454/nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2 (NR3C2) on the biological behaviors of OSCC cells.

Methods: GEO database was applied to detect and analyze the expression of miR-545 and NR3C2 in OSCC tissues.

Photoredox-catalyzed stereoselective alkylation of enamides with -hydroxyphthalimide esters decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions.

Stereoselective β-C(sp)-H alkylation of enamides with redox-active -hydroxyphthalimide esters a photoredox-catalyzed decarboxylative cross-coupling reaction is demonstrated. This methodology features operational simplicity, broad substrate scopes, and excellent stereoselectivities and functional group tolerance, affording a diverse array of geometrically defined and synthetically valuable enamides bearing primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl groups in satisfactory yields.

Stereoselective C(sp)-H Alkylation of Enamides with Unactivated Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids via Decarboxylative Cross-Coupling Reactions.

An efficient and straightforward stereoselective alkylation reaction of enamides using commercially available and easily accessible unactivated alkyl carboxylic acids as alkylating agents is described, giving rise to a diverse array of synthetically important and geometrically defined β-alkylated enamides bearing primary, secondary, or tertiary alkyl moieties. This transformation also shows excellent functional group tolerance, satisfying atom economy, and operational simplicity.

TfNHNHBoc as a SCF source for the sulfenylation of indoles.

An unprecedented use of trifluoromethanesulfonyl hydrazides as effective SCF sources has been established in the sulfenylation of indoles. A range of substituted indoles participated in CuCl-catalyzed oxidative sulfenylation reaction with TfNHNHBoc in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide to furnish structurally diverse 3-indolyl trifluoromethyl thioethers in moderate to good yields with very high regioselectivity.

TfNHNHBoc as a Trifluoromethylating Agent for Vicinal Difunctionalization of Terminal Alkenes.

An unprecedented application of trifluoromethanesulfonyl hydrazides as trifluoromethylating agents has been demonstrated in two vicinal difunctionalization reactions of terminal alkenes: the copper-catalyzed three-component vicinal chlorotrifluoromethylation of arylakenes with TfNHNHBoc and NaCl and the tandem trifluoromethylation/cyclization of N-arylacrylamides with TfNHNHBoc. The reactions proceeded in the presence of inexpensive oxidants under mild conditions and provided a range of structurally diverse trifluoromethyl-containing compounds with high regioselectivity.

Antioxidant properties and neuroprotective effects of isocampneoside II on hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury in PC12 cells.

Oxidative stress has been considered as a major cause of cell damage in various neurodegenerative disorders. One of the reasonable strategies for delaying the disease's progression is to prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated cellular injury by dietary or pharmaceutical augmentation of free radical scavengers. Isocampneoside II (ICD) is an active phenylethanoid glycoside isolated from the medicinal hardwood genus Paulownia.

High-throughput identification of new protective antigens from a Yersinia pestis live vaccine by enzyme-linked immunospot assay.

Yersinia pestis, the plague pathogen, is a facultative intracellular bacterium. Cellular immunity plays important roles in defense against infections. The identification of T-cell targets is critical for the development of effective vaccines against intracellular bacteria; however, the function of cellular immunity in protection from plague was not clearly understood.