Clinical features and prognostic factors of patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with chemotherapy: a population-based study.

Background: In inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), chemotherapy is a common treatment strategy. However, there is a lack of reliable methods to predict the prognosis of patients with inoperable HCC after chemotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the clinical characteristics of patients with inoperable HCC and to establish and validate nomogram models for predicting the survival outcomes in this patient group following chemotherapy.

CT-based radiomics analysis to predict local progression of recurrent colorectal liver metastases after microwave ablation.

The objective of this study is to establish and validate a radiomics nomogram for prediction of local tumor progression (LTP) after microwave ablation (MWA) for recurrent colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) after hepatic resection. We included 318 consecutive recurrent CRLM patients (216 of training while 102 of validation cohort) with contrast-enhanced computerized tomography images treated with MWA between January 2014 and October 2018. Support vector machine-generated radiomics signature was incorporated together with clinical information to establish a radiomics nomogram.

polysaccharide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in mice by regulating gut microbiota.

is appreciated for its edible and medicinal benefits especially for lung protection. However, the contained active components have been understudied, and further research is required to fully exploit its potential application. We aimed to probe into the beneficial effects of polysaccharide (POP) in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung inflammatory injury mice.

Irradiation stent with 125 I plus TACE versus sorafenib plus TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma with major portal vein tumor thrombosis: a multicenter randomized trial.

Background And Aim: Treatment strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and Vp4 [main trunk] portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) remains limited due to posttreatment liver failure. We aimed to assess the efficacy of irradiation stent placement with 125 I plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) (ISP-TACE) compared to sorafenib plus TACE (Sora-TACE) in these patients.

Methods: In this multicenter randomized controlled trial, participants with HCC and Vp4 PVTT without extrahepatic metastases were enrolled from November 2018 to July 2021 at 16 medical centers.

Sarcopenia increases the risk of early biliary infection after percutaneous transhepatic biliary stent placement.

Purpose: To assess the association between sarcopenia and the risk of early biliary infection (EBI) after percutaneous transhepatic biliary stent (PTBS) placement in patients with inoperable biliary tract cancer (BTC).

Patients And Methods: In this single center, retrospective observational study, patients diagnosed with inoperable BTC undergoing PTBS placement between January 2013 and July 2021 were enrolled. Preoperative sarcopenia was defined based on skeletal muscle mass measured by computed tomography images on the level of third lumbar vertebra within one month before PTBS placement.

Safety and Efficacy of Computed Tomography-Guided Iodine-125 Brachytherapy as a Salvage Treatment for Locoregional Lymph Node Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the clinical safety and efficacy of computed tomography (CT)-guided iodine-125 (I) brachytherapy as a salvage treatment for esophageal cancer with locoregional lymph node recurrence (LNR).

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included patients with esophageal cancer who developed locoregional LNR after initial curative resection followed by CT-guided I brachytherapy as a salvage treatment (January 2014 to January 2020). Local tumor progression-free survival (LTPFS) was assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, v1.

I-125 seeds brachytherapy with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: I-125 seeds brachytherapy (ISB) has been used to improve the clinical effectiveness of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aim to appraise the safety and clinical efficacy of combined ISB and TACE for the treatment of subcapsular HCC.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective investigative study extending from January 2017 to December 2020, involved individuals suffering from subcapsular HCC, who were subjected to TACE treatment with or without ISB in our center.

The Prognostic Value of Sarcopenia and Myosteatosis in Biliary Tract Cancer After Palliative Treatment With Radiation-Emitting Metallic Stent.

Background: Radiation-emitting metallic stent (REMS) placement is increasingly used for malignant biliary obstruction (MBO) caused by unresectable biliary tract carcinoma (UBTC) in clinical practice. The study is aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of sarcopenia, myosteatosis, and their combination on overall survival (OS) in patients treated with REMS for UBTC.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with UBTC who underwent REMS placement between January 2013 and May 2021 were included consecutively in this retrospective study.

Efficacy and Safety of Radioactive I Seed Implantation for Patients with Oligo-Recurrence Soft Tissue Sarcomas.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of computed tomography-guided radioactive iodine-125 (I) seed implantation for oligo-recurrence soft tissue sarcomas following surgical resection.

Materials And Methods: Patients with oligo-recurrence soft tissue sarcomas after curative surgical resection between June 2013 and December 2020 were included. The primary outcome measure was objective response rate according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.

A novel irradiation stent versus conventional irradiation stent for malignant dysphagia: A prospective randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To evaluate whether a novel irradiation stent (NIS) could decrease the rate of recurrent dysphagia, compared to the conventional irradiation stent (CIS) in patients with malignant dysphagia.

Materials And Methods: We performed an open-label randomized controlled trial of participants with malignant dysphagia. A total of 94 participants were parallelly allocated into the NIS group or the NIS group between April 2019 and April 2020.

Interventional Treatment for Cholangiocarcinoma.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is the second most common type of primary liver malignancy. The latest classification includes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, with the latter one further categorized into perihilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma. Although surgical resection is the preferred treatment for CCA, less than half of the patients are actually eligible for radical surgical resection.

X-ray-guided and ultrasound-guided percutaneous transluminal angioplasty to treat arteriovenous fistula dysfunction in hemodialysis patients: A retrospective controlled study.

Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of X-ray-guided and ultrasound-guided percutaneous transluminal angioplasty in treating arteriovenous fistula dysfunction.

Materials And Methods: Data for 219 patients with arteriovenous fistula dysfunction between January 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The primary endpoints were technical success, clinical success, and primary patency rates.

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Intervals and Outcomes of Repeated Transarterial Chemoembolization in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: Given that the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has disrupted operations globally, an institution's ability to repeat transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has also been affected. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 on the intervals and outcomes of TACE in HCC patients.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study included 154 HCC patients who underwent follow-up after TACE treatment from January 2020 to March 2020 (n = 71, study group) and January 2019 to March 2019 (n = 83, control group) at two institutions in China.

Prognostic Value of Preoperative Prognostic Nutritional Index and Body Mass Index Combination in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Transarterial Chemoembolization.

Background: The aim of our study was to validate the value of combined preoperative prognostic nutritional index and body mass index in predicting overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in patients who underwent treatment of transarterial chemoembolization.

Methods: A single-centered retrospective study of 285 unresectable HCC patients who received treatment of transarterial chemoembolization from January 2013 to June 2015 was conducted. In our retrospective analysis, preoperative PNI and BMI data of patients were calculated and analyzed.

Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Autophagy Enhances the Anticancer Effect of Iodine-125 Seed Radiation on Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Autophagy has been reported to play a radioresistance role in high-dose-rate irradiation. However, its mechanisms and roles in continuous low-dose-rate (CLDR) irradiation have not been clearly understood. Iodine-125 (I-125) seed brachytherapy is a modality of CLDR irradiation and has been used in the treatment of various cancers.

Oligorecurrence Non-small Cell Lung Cancer After Failure of First-Line Chemotherapy: Computed Tomography-Guided I Seed Implantation vs. Second-Line Chemotherapy.

To compare the efficacy and safety of computed tomography (CT)-guided I seed implantation with second-line chemotherapy in treatment of oligorecurrence non-small cell lung cancer after failure of first-line chemotherapy. Data of oligorecurrence non-small cell lung cancer patients after failure of first-line chemotherapy at two institutions were retrospectively reviewed from January 2013 to July 2018. A total of 53 patients who received the treatment of I seed implantation or second-line chemotherapy were eligible for this study.

Iodine‑125 seed radiation induces ROS‑mediated apoptosis, autophagy and paraptosis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Iodine‑125 (125I) seed brachytherapy has been proven to be a safe and effective treatment for advanced esophageal cancer; however, the mechanisms underlying its actions are not completely understood. In the present study, the anti‑cancer mechanisms of 125I seed radiation in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells (Eca‑109 and KYSE‑150) were determined, with a particular focus on the mode of cell death. The results showed that 125I seed radiation significantly inhibited cell proliferation, and induced DNA damage and G2/M cell cycle arrest in both ESCC cell lines.

Embolotherapy of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Eastern perspective.

Asia suffers a particularly large prevalence of the world's hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), accounting for nearly 72.5% of the newly diagnosed 609,596 cases and 72.4% of the 566,269 deaths.

Comparison of 125 Iodine Seed-Loaded Stents with Different Diameters in Esophageal Cancer: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study.

Currently, there are no recommendations or guidelines concerning the preferred diameter of esophageal stents for palliative treatment, owing to the lack of adequate evidence. We therefore conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate whether 18 mm stents would achieve a similar function of dysphagia relief with fewer complications and longer survival compared to 20 mm stents. Esophageal cancer patients who underwent 125 iodine seed-loaded stent placement with a diameter of either 18 mm (n = 103) or 20 mm (n = 54) were included at five hospitals in China.

Thyroid cancer MR molecular imaging via SHP2-targeted nanoparticles.

Background: Molecular imaging has generated a great demand to develop targeted contrast agents for MR imaging.

Materials And Methods: In this study, we synthesized Src homology 2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2)-targeted and polylactic-co-glycolic acid--based nanoparticles (NPs), which encapsulated perfluoropentane and being chelated with gadolinium (Gd) as an efficient molecular probe for targeting MR imaging on thyroid carcinoma.

Results: These NPs displayed practical properties and favorable biocompatibility in vitro.

Radiomics Facilitates Candidate Selection for Irradiation Stents Among Patients With Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer.

To develop a model to select appropriate candidates for irradiation stent placement among patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer with malignant biliary obstruction (UPC-MBO). This retrospective study included 106 patients treated with an irradiation stent for UPC-MBO. These patients were randomly divided into a training group (74 patients) and a validation group (32 patients).

Risk Prediction for Early Biliary Infection after Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Stent Placement in Malignant Biliary Obstruction.

Purpose: To establish a nomogram for predicting the occurrence of early biliary infection (EBI) after percutaneous transhepatic biliary stent (PTBS) placement in malignant biliary obstruction (MBO).

Materials And Methods: In this multicenter study, patients treated with PTBS for MBO were allocated to a training cohort or a validation cohort. The independent risk factors for EBI selected by multivariate analyses in the training cohort were used to develop a predictive nomogram.