Protective effect of Ganoderma lucidum-fermented crop extracts against hydrogen peroxide- or β-amyloid-induced damage in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of stacked β-amyloid peptides in the brain and associated with the generation of oxidative stress. So far, there is no cure for AD or a way to stop its progression. Although the neuroprotective effects of Ganoderma lucidum aqueous extract and G.

Influence of -fermented grain substrate extracts on alleviating food allergy in mice.

Background: is recognized as a tonic in traditional Chinese medicine, and there have been documented findings on the anti-allergic properties of its extract derived from the fruiting body. Due to the limited availability of wild , a specialized grain substrate has been devised for the solid-state fermentation of its fruiting bodies. However, the fermented grain substrate is considered waste and usually used as feeds for animals.

Quantitative microbiological risk assessments for spp. contaminated taiwanese salty chicken in the taiwanese population.

The aim of the study is to develop spp. Quantitative microbial risk assessments (QMRA) and to evaluate the risk of Salmonellosis illness in the Taiwanese population after consumption of Taiwanese salty chicken (TSC). We assume that spp.

Effects of Fermented Citrus Peel on Ameliorating Obesity in Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet.

Although citrus peel is a waste material, it contains a variety of bioactive components. As our preliminary findings showed that citrus peels fermented with T1 contained increased levels of anti-obesity flavonoids, the objective of this study was to prepare fermented citrus peel and to investigate its effect on ameliorating obesity in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). After fermentation, the amounts of limonene, nobiletin and 3-methoxynobiletin in citrus peel were markedly increased.

Development of Fermented Shrimp Shell Product with Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects on Diabetic Rats.

In 2020, approximately 9.3 billion tons of crustaceans were consumed, and 45-48% of shrimp shell (SS) by-products were discarded as waste. In this study, the SS of was fermented by LV33204, LV2122 (strong proteolytic activity), and LV1111 (chitin-degrading activity), and the optimal fermentation conditions of liquid-fermented SS was established.

Dual bacterial strains TTI for monitoring fish quality in food cold chain.

Most microbial time-temperature indicators (TTIs) considered only one spoilage strain. This research compared single and dual spoilage strains-based microbial TTI for quality changes of chilled grouper fish (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus x E. lanceolatus) fillet products during distribution.

Hypouricemic Effect of Submerged Culture of in Potassium Oxonate-Induced Hyperuricemic Rats.

Hyperuricemia is a disease caused by a high level of uric acid in the blood. It is an important factor for gout and may be linked to renal and hepatic failure. The objective of this study was to investigate the hypouricemic effects of submerged culture of .

Evaluation of Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Activities of Soybean Meal Products Fermented by FPS 2520 and N1 in Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet.

The hypoglycemic and antioxidant activities of FPS 2520 and/or N1 fermented soybean meal (SBM) in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) were investigated by assessing plasma glucose levels, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress-induced organ damage. Supplementation with FPS 2520- and/or N1-fermented SBM (500 and 1000 mg/kg of body weight per day) to HFD-induced obese rats for 6 weeks significantly down-regulated the concentration of plasma glucose during the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), as well as the concentration of fasting plasma glucose, insulin, and the value of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In addition, plasma and hepatic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were alleviated in rats fed fermented SBM, especially SBM fermented by mixed strains.

Applications of Nisin and EDTA in Food Packaging for Improving Fabricated Chitosan-Polylactate Plastic Film Performance and Fish Fillet Preservation.

This study aimed to increase the antibacterial activity of chitosan-polylactic acid (PLA) composite film by adding nisin and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). We evaluated the mechanical, physicochemical, and antibacterial properties of various PLA composite films, as well as the enhancement effect of PLA composite films with EDTA + nisin on the preservation of grouper fillets. Films of PLA alone, PLA plus chitosan (C5), PLA plus nisin + EDTA (EN2), and PLA plus chitosan plus nisin + EDTA (C5EN1 and C5EN2) were prepared.

Exploration of Hypoglycemic Activity of Extract and Evaluation of the Molecular Mechanisms.

Although the hypoglycemic potential of brewer's yeast extract has been reported, there is limited information pertaining to the hypoglycemic ingredients of extract and their mechanisms of action available. This study aimed to investigate the in vivo and in vitro hypoglycemic effect of extract and to elucidate its molecular mechanisms. extract was mainly composed of proteins followed by carbohydrates.

Anti-Allergic Diarrhea Effect of Diosgenin Occurs via Improving Gut Dysbiosis in a Murine Model of Food Allergy.

Although the anti-allergic and prebiotic activities of diosgenin have been reported, the influence of diosgenin on intestinal immune and epithelial cells remains unclear. As the gut microbiota plays an important role in allergic disorders, this study aimed to investigate whether the anti-allergic diarrhea effect of diosgenin occurs via improving gut dysbiosis. In a murine food allergy model, the density of fecal bacterial growth on de Man, Rogossa and Sharpe (MRS) plates was diminished, and growth on reinforced clostridial medium (RCM) and lysogeny broth (LB) agar plates was elevated.

Chitosan Inhibits Growth and Urease Production and Prevents Its Infection of Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells.

This study investigated the effects of shrimp chitosan with 95% degree of deacetylation (DD95) in combination with clinical antibiotics on the growth and urease production of . The inhibitory effect of DD95 on the adherence of to the human intestinal carcinoma cells (TSGH9201) was also investigated. Five strains of , including three standard strains and two strains of clinical isolates were used as the test strains.

Evaluation of Antiobesity Activity of Soybean Meal Products Fermented by FPS 2520 and N1 in Rats Fed with High-Fat Diet.

Single strain or mixed strains of FPS 2520 and N1 were used to ferment soybean meal (SBM), and the antiobesity activity of the fermented SBM product was investigated in rats fed with high-fat diet (HFD). After fermentation, free amino nitrogen, total peptide, and isoflavone contents were markedly raised, and genistein and daidzein were the major isoflavones in the fermented SBM. After fed with HFD for 10 weeks, obese Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with various fermented products for 6 weeks.

culture supplement ameliorates dyslipidemia and reduces visceral fat accumulation in type 2 diabetic rats.

Diabetic rats were daily fed with a high-cholesterol diet containing 1% or 3% freeze-dried whole submerged culture or its mycelia for 5 weeks. Body weight, adipose tissue weight and plasma triglyceride levels were reduced, while high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels were elevated in rats fed with powder supplement diets. Notably, supplements downregulated the activities of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and lipoprotein lipase, but upregulated the activity of hormone-sensitive lipase in the perirenal adipose tissues.

Evaluation of the hypoglycaemic and antioxidant effects of submerged cultures in type 2 diabetic rats.

We aim to investigate the hypoglycaemic and antioxidant effects of submerged cultures and elucidate the potential mechanisms behind these effects using a type 2 diabetic rat model. Diabetic rats were daily fed with a high-fat diet supplemented with 1% or 3% freeze-dried whole submerged cultures of or mycelia for 5 weeks. We observed significantly decreased fasting plasma glucose levels, homoeostasis model assessment equation-insulin resistance, and plasma glucose in oral glucose tolerance test.

Effects of Chitosan on Clostridium perfringens and Application in the Preservation of Pork Sausage.

The effects of chitosan with 95% deacetylation degree (DD95) on the spore germination, cell proliferation, and heat resistance of Clostridium perfringens CCRC 10,648 and CCRC 13,019 were investigated, and its application on pork sausage with sodium nitrite reduction was also evaluated. DD95 chitosan can strongly reduce the heat resistance of both strains. The D and D values for strain CCRC 13,019 decreased from 40.

Oral administration with chitosan hydrolytic products modulates mitogen-induced and antigen-specific immune responses in BALB/c mice.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether oral administration in BALB/c mice with chitosan hydrolytic products including chitosan hydrolysate, LMWC and a chitooligosaccharide mixture (oligomixture), modulates mitogen-induced and antigen-specific immune responses. A water-soluble chitosan hydrolysate was obtained via cellulase degradation of chitosan, and a LMWC and the oligomixture were separated from this hydrolysate. In non-immunized mice, both the chitosan hydrolysate and oligomixture significantly increased the phagocytic activity of peritoneal macrophages.

Effect of chitosan molecular weight on anti-inflammatory activity in the RAW 264.7 macrophage model.

Chitosan (300 kDa) was degraded by cellulase to chitosans with molecular weights (MWs) of 156, 72, 7.1, and 3.3 kDa and a chitooligosaccharide mixture (COS).

Effects of chitosan molecular weight on its antioxidant and antimutagenic properties.

Chitosan (300.0kDa) was enzymatically degraded to obtain six degraded chitosans with molecular weights (MWs) of 156.0, 72.

pH Effects on solubility, zeta potential, and correlation between antibacterial activity and molecular weight of chitosan.

Six chitosans with molecular weights (MWs) of 300, 156, 72.1, 29.2, 7.

Production of Bacillus subtilis-fermented red alga Porphyra dentata suspension with fibrinolytic and immune-enhancing activities.

The fermented marine alga Porphyra dentata suspension was tested for its fibrinolytic and immune-enhancing activities. An isolated Bacillus subtilis N2 strain was selected for its fibrinolytic activity on fibrin plates. After investigating the effects of biomass amounts of P.

In Vitro and In Vivo Anticancer Effects of Sterol Fraction from Red Algae Porphyra dentata.

Porphyra dentata, an edible red macroalgae, is used as a folk medicine in Asia. This study evaluated in vitro and in vivo the protective effect of a sterol fraction from P. dentata against breast cancer linked to tumor-induced myeloid derived-suppressor cells (MDSCs).

Proximate composition, total phenolic content, and antioxidant activity of seagrape (Caulerpa lentillifera).

Unlabelled: The proximate composition of seagrape (Caulerpa lentillifera) from culture ponds in Penghu, Taiwan was analyzed. The phenolic content and the antioxidant activities including the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ferric ion-reducing activity, hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity, and ferrous ion chelating (FIC) activity of the ethanolic extracts of dry seagrape samples using 2 drying methods of freeze drying and thermal drying were compared with the ethanolic extract of Oolong tea as a reference. The contents (dry weight basis) of carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid, crude fiber, and ash of seagrape obtained from culture ponds in Taiwan were 64.

Effects of cultural medium and conditions on the proliferation and hypoglycemic activity of Saccharomyces pastorianus no. 54.

A yeast strain of Saccharomyces pastorianus no. 54 with hypoglycemic activity was isolated from soils of a winery. The aims of this study were first to investigate the effects of the cultivation conditions on proliferation and hypoglycemic activity of this yeast using the assay model of the differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and then, to confirm in vivo the hypoglycemic activity of cultured yeast by oral administration in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice.