Monitoring of viral myocarditis injury using an energy-confined upconversion nanoparticle and nature-inspired biochip combined CRISPR/Cas12a-powered biosensor.

The early diagnosis and timely intervention of viral myocarditis urgently require a noninvasive detection approach. Therefore, we present a CRISPR/Cas12a-powered biosensor that integrates an exceptionally efficient upconversion luminescent resonance energy transfer (LRET) with a nature-inspired biochip to determine a golden-standard cardiac biomarker (cardiac troponin I). First, a unique sandwich-structured energy-confined upconversion nanoparticle (acting as the energy donor) is synthesized to dramatically reinforce the LRET's ability.

Effects of Population Bottleneck and Balancing Selection on the Chinese Alligator Are Revealed by Locus-Specific Characterization of MHC Genes.

Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) is an endangered freshwater crocodilian endemic to China, which experienced a severe bottleneck about 30 years ago. In this study, we developed locus-specific primers to investigate the polymorphism of 3 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) loci in 3 Chinese alligator populations, in combination with 6 neutral microsatellite markers as a contrast. We found the genetic trace for the bottleneck effect on the endangered Chinese alligator: the low allelic diversity (2 alleles at each locus), the low nucleotide substitution rate (no more than 0.