A small molecule compound targeting hemagglutinin inhibits influenza A virus and exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity.

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a widespread pathogen that poses a significant threat to human health, causing pandemics with high mortality and pathogenicity. Given the emergence of increasingly drug-resistant strains of IAV, currently available antiviral drugs have been reported to be inadequate to meet clinical demands. Therefore, continuous exploration of safe, effective and broad-spectrum antiviral medications is urgently required.

Isolated cerebral mucormycosis that looks like stroke and brain abscess: A case report and review of the literature.

Background: Cerebral mucormycosis is an infectious disease of the brain caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. These infections are rarely encountered in clinical practice and are often misdiagnosed as cerebral infarction or brain abscess. Increased mortality due to cerebral mucormycosis is closely related to delayed diagnosis and treatment, both of which present unique challenges for clinicians.

Serological Survey of Zika Virus in Humans and Animals in Dejiang Prefecture, Guizhou Province, China.

Objective: The current outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) poses a severe threat to human health. Two ZIKV strains were isolated from mosquitoes collected from the Dejiang prefecture in China in 2016, which was the first isolation of ZIKV in nature in China.

Methods: In this study, serum samples were collected from 366 healthy individuals and 104 animals from Dejiang prefecture in 2017, and the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was used to evaluate the seroprevalence of ZIKV.

A Reverse-transcription Recombinase-aided Amplification Assay for the Rapid Detection of the Far-Eastern Subtype of Tick-borne Encephalitis Virus.

Objective: Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an emerging pathogen in Europe and North Asia that causes tick-borne encephalitis (TBE). A simple, rapid method for detecting TBEV RNA is needed to control this disease.

Methods: A reverse-transcription recombinase-aided amplification (RT-RAA) assay was developed.

[Water Quality in the Henan Intake Area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project].

The molecular weights, as well as the hydrophobicity composition of natural organic matter (NOM) in raw water, were investigated in the Henan intake area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. This study also discusses the formation of carbonaceous disinfection by-products and nitrogenous disinfection by-products during chlorination and chloramination of raw water in this area. Most of the NOM in raw water were small molecules and hydrophobic fractions.

The Relationship between Japanese Encephalitis and Environmental Factors in China Explored Using National Surveillance Data.

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious public health issue. This study was undertaken to better understand the relationship between JE distribution and environmental factors in China. JE data from 2005 to 2010 were retrieved from National Notifiable Disease Report System.

TaqMan Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Detecting and Differentiating Japanese Encephalitis Virus.

Objective: To detect Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) rapidly and distinguish its genotypes, a TaqMan-based reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detection system was developed.

Methods: By aligning the full-length sequences of JEV (G1-G5), six sets of highly specific TaqMan real-time RT-PCR primers and probes were designed based on the highly conserved NS1, NS2, and M genes of JEV, which included one set for non-specific JEV detection and five sets for the detection of specific JEV genotypes. Twenty batches of mosquito samples were used to evaluate our quantitative PCR assay.

Synthesis and self-assembly of a novel amphiphilic diblock copolymer consisting of isotactic polystyrene and 1,4--polybutadiene--poly(ethylene oxide).

Herein, a novel amphiphilic diblock copolymer consisting of isotactic polystyrene (PS) and 1,4--polybutadiene--poly(ethylene oxide) (1,4--PBD--PEO), PS--(1,4--PBD--PEO), was synthesized by the combination of living coordination copolymerization and graft copolymerization. PS--1,4--PBD was firstly synthesized sequential monomer addition in the presence of 1,4-dithiabutandiyl-2,2'-bis(6-cumenyl-4-methylphenoxy) titanium dichloride (complex 1) activated by triisobutyl aluminum modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO). Moreover, hydroboration of double bonds in the 1,4--PBD blocks were performed with 9-borabicyclo[3.

An anatomic study of trifurcate iliotibial bands for correcting valgus knee deformity.

Background: The iliotibial band (ITB) trifurcates into the anterior, central and posterior branches at the knee level, and sometimes the branches must be selectively released to correct the valgus knee deformity during total knee arthroplasty. However, the anatomical morphology of the trifurcate ITBs has not been investigated.

Methods: Fifty-two knees from 26 embalmed cadavers were dissected to observe and record the relationship of the three branches given off from the ITB trifurcation.

Identification of a Newly Isolated Getah Virus in the China-Laos Border, China.

In this study, we isolated a virus strain (YN12031) from specimens of Armigeres subalbatus collected in the China-Laos border. BHK-21 cells infected with YN12031 exhibited an evident cytopathic effect (CPE) 32 h post-infection. The virus particles were spherical, 70 nm in diameter, and enveloped; they also featured surface fibers.

A Centralized Report on Pediatric Japanese Encephalitis Cases from Beijing Children's Hospital, 2013.

Fifteen pediatric cases of suspected Japanese encephalitis (JE) were reported in Beijing Children's Hospital during the late summer of 2013. The clinical manifestations in most cases included high fever, seizures, and abnormal magnetic resonance imaging findings. Twelve of 15 cases were laboratory-confirmed as JE cases by pathogen identification.

Molecular evolution of emerging Banna virus.

Banna virus (BAV) is an emerging pathogen that causes human viral encephalitis and has been isolated from types of blood-sucking insects and mammals in Asia. However, there are no reported systematic studies that describe the origin and evolution of BAV. Here, a phylogenetic analysis of BAVs isolated from a variety of potential vectors and vertebrate hosts worldwide revealed that BAVs emerged in the beginning of the 20th century and do not exhibit a species barrier.

The effects of different levels of superoxide dismutase in Modena on boar semen quality during liquid preservation at 17°C.

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of superoxide dismutase (SOD) on the quality of boar semen during liquid preservation at 17°C. Semen samples from 10 Duroc boars were collected and pooled, divided into five equal parts and diluted with Modena containing different concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 U/mL) of SOD. During the process of liquid preservation at 17°C, sperm motility, acrosome integrity, membrane integrity, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and hydrogen peroxide (H O ) content were measured and analyzed every 24 h.

Isolation and full-length genome analysis of mosquito-borne Manzanilla virus from Yunnan Province, China.

Background: There have been four strains on Manzanilla virus (MANV) identified to date. Here, we identify a novel MANV strain (DHL10M107) isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles mosquitoes from Ruili city, Dehong prefecture, Yunnan Province, in the People's Republic of China.

Results: The DHL10M107 L, M and S genes were sequenced at the nucleotide and deduced amino acid levels.

Real-time RT-PCR Assay for the detection of Tahyna Virus.

A real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assay for the detection of Tahyna virus was developed to monitor Tahyna virus infection in field-collected vector mosquito samples. The targets selected for the assay were S segment sequences encoding the nucleocapsid protein from the Tahyna virus. Primers and probes were selected in conserved regions by aligning genetic sequences from various Tahyna virus strains available from GenBank.