Sex Differences in the Association Between Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy and Mortality in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Study.

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a severe complication of type 2 diabetes. Significant sex-related differences have been observed in type 2 diabetes consequences such as mortality. However, the effect of sex on the association between CAN and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes is currently unknown.

Idebenone Protects Photoreceptors Impaired by Oxidative Phosphorylation Disorder in Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is an aerobic metabolic mechanism, and its dysfunction plays an important role in the pathological changes of ischemic diseases. However, systematic studies on the occurrence of retinal detachment (RD) are lacking.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the human retina was performed to detect the metabolic changes of various retinal cells after RD.

Proximity to petrochemical industry and risk of childhood asthma occurrence.

Adverse effects on the respiratory system were associated with intensive petroleum-related industrial activities. The study aimed to assess the impact of petrochemical exposure on childhood asthma using various surrogate indices. A singleton birth cohort from 2004 to 2017 was conducted, leveraging two linked nationwide databases in Taiwan.

Long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants and risk of Parkinson's disease: a population-based multipollutant model study.

Background: Recent evidence suggests brain-first Parkinson's disease (PD) may start from the olfactory system, indicating potential inhalational exposure to causal agents. We investigated the impact of long-term exposure to various air pollutants on PD incidence using both single- and multi-pollutant models to account for interactions between pollutants.

Methods: This retrospective population study used data from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (2006 and 2018) and included individuals aged 40-65 without PD.

Polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics affect potassium accumulation in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) seedlings.

Background: As modern industrial activities have advanced, the prevalence of microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment has increased, thereby impacting plant growth. Potassium is one of the most crucial nutrient cations for plant biology. Understanding how polyethylene terephthalate (PET) treatment affects potassium uptake will deepen our understanding of plant response mechanisms to plastic pollution.

Nuclear receptor 4A1 facilitates complete Freund's adjuvant-induced inflammatory pain in rats by promoting ferroptosis in spinal glial cells.

Glial cell-induced neuroinflammation in the spinal cord is the critical pathology underlying complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammatory pain. Previously, we showed that spinal glial cells undergo ferroptosis after CFA injection, which may contribute to the development of neuroinflammation and inflammatory pain. However, the mechanism underlying the occurrence of ferroptosis during inflammatory pain remains unclear.

Design and synthesis of JNK1-targeted PROTACs and research on the activity.

Kinase dysregulation is greatly associated with cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis, which indicates their great potential as therapeutic targets for treatment of numerous progressive disorders, including inflammatory, metabolic and autoimmune disorders, organ fibrosis and cancer. The c‑Jun N‑Terminal Kinase (JNK), as a member of MAPK family, is proved to be a potential target for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, which is the most common progressive and fatal fibrotic lung disease. As a new strategy, small-molecule-mediated targeted protein degradation pathway has the advantages of catalytic properties, overcoming drug resistance and expanding target space, which can circumvent the limitations associated with kinase inhibitors.

In Operando Optical Analysis of Electrolyte Colour Change and Its Correlation to Capacity Fade in Li-Ion Cells at Elevated Temperatures.

The existing body of research on battery state of health has identified various degradation modes for the electrolyte, yet very few studies have explored the role of electrolyte colour changes as a diagnostic tool for state of health (SOH). This study investigates the impact of elevated temperatures and its correlation with electrolyte colour changes and capacity fade during cycling. Specifically, the research examines whether cycling cells at elevated temperatures induces noticeable changes in electrolyte colour and whether these changes can be linked to the SOH of the cells.

Pt@WS Mott-Schottky Heterojunction Boosts Light-Driven Active Ion Transport for Enhanced Ionic Power Harvesting.

Bioinspired light-driven ion transport in two-dimensional (2D) nanofluidics offers exciting prospects for solar energy harvesting. Current single-component nanofluidic membranes often suffer from low light-induced driving forces due to the easy recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Herein, we present a Pt@WS Mott-Schottky heterojunction-based 2D nanofluidic membrane for boosting light-driven active ion transport and solar enhanced ionic power harvesting.

Vacancy engineering in tungsten oxide nanofluidic membranes for high-efficiency light-driven ion transport.

Bioinspired light-driven ion transport has shown great potential in solar energy harvesting. To achieve efficiencies comparable to biological counterparts, effective coregulation of permselectivity and photoresponsivity is crucial. Herein, vacancy engineering has been proven to be a powerful strategy for considerably increasing the efficiency of light-driven ion transport in tungsten oxide (WO) nanofluidic membranes by enhancing the negative surface charges and narrowing bandgaps.

Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of teclistamab in Chinese patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma from the China cohort of MajesTEC-1.

Introduction: Teclistamab, the first approved B-cell maturation antigen-directed bispecific antibody for treatment of triple-class exposed relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, demonstrated deep, durable responses with a manageable safety profile in the pivotal MajesTEC-1 cohort (NCT03145181/NCT04557098). Efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics from the MajesTEC-1 China cohort are reported.

Methods: Patients received teclistamab 1.

Apolipoprotein B modifies the association between lipoprotein(a) and ASCVD risk.

Background: Elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) are individually associated with the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Moreover, previous basic research has implicated the potential interaction between apoB and Lp(a) in the atherogenic process. We aimed to determine whether apoB levels significantly modulate ASCVD risk associated with Lp(a) in a large community-based population without baseline cardiovascular disease.

The role of circulating polyunsaturated fatty acids in mediating the effect of BMI on leukocyte telomere length: analysis using Mendelian randomization.

Background: polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are a category of fatty acids that contain omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which constitute a substantial portion of the Western diet and are vital for maintaining human wellness. The extent to which circulating PUFAs influence the effects of BMI on leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is unknown. Additionally, the impact of circulating PUFA on LTL remains controversial in observational studies.

Development and Validation of Chinese Version of Dental Pain Screening Questionnaire.

Introduction: Dental pain is one of the most prevalent oral complaints. This study aimed to establish a Chinese version of Dental Pain Screening Questionnaire (DePaQ) to help classify patients into three groups of dental pain diseases (group 1, reversible pulpitis and dentine hypersensitivity; group 2, acute periapical periodontitis and irreversible pulpitis; and group 3, pericoronitis).

Methods: The DePaQ was translated from English to Chinese.

Accuracy of International Guidelines in Identifying Normal Liver Histology in Chinese Patients With HBeAg-Positive Chronic HBV Infection.

We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of various international guideline criteria for identifying HBeAg-positive chronic HBV infection patients with no significant liver disease. A total of 1108 HBeAg-positive CHB patients were retrospectively enrolled. The guidelines assessed included those from the European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) 2017, the American Association for the Study of the Liver Disease (AASLD) 2018, the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver (APASL) 2015 and the Chinese Society of Hepatology (CSH) 2022.

Drug screening identifies pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium ameliorating DSS-induced mouse ulcerative colitis via suppressing Th17 differentiation.

T helper 17 (Th17) cells play crucial roles in various autoimmune diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC), which is characterized by widespread inflammation in the mucosa of the colon and rectum. To identify small-molecule compounds capable of inhibiting CD4 T cell differentiation into Th17 cells, we established a screening system. Through drug screening, we found that pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate ammonium (PDTC) effectively inhibits Th17 differentiation.

Collaborative Teaching and Curricular Integration in Pre-Intern Clinical Placements: Insights from the Greater Bay Area.

Introduction: The rising demand for knowledge updates and technological innovations in China has made clinical placement teaching challenging. Reforms for innovative teaching models through pilot classes have shown to improve students' academic performance. This novel integration led to the announcement of healthcare collaboration in the Guangdong-Hong-Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area for projects within China's "Global-Innovation-Hub" zones.

Evaluating waterbird migratory stopover habitat suitability in the Tumen River Estuary at the junction of China, North Korea and Russia using multi-source remote sensing imagery.

Over the past three decades, numerous waterbird habitats have experienced considerable degradation as a result of the persistent deterioration of wetland ecosystems. Habitat suitability evaluation is a critical tool for restoring and conserving waterbird habitats. However, few studies have specifically examined the effects of temporal land cover changes on the suitability of migratory stopover habitats for waterbirds in transboundary regions.

Spinosin improves anxiety disorders in mice with chronic restraint stress via the ERK1/2-CREB-BDNF pathway.

Anxiety disorders, a prevalent mental health condition often stemming from chronic stress, are characterized by uncontrollable emotional responses, heightened psychological stress, and cognitive impairment. Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is widely used for its calming effects. Among its flavonoid components, spinosin serves as a primary bioactive compound, playing a significant role in treating psychiatric disorders.

Retinal G-protein-coupled receptor deletion exacerbates AMD-like changes via the PINK1-parkin pathway under oxidative stress.

The intake of high dietary fat has been correlated with the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), affecting the function of the retinal pigment epithelium through oxidative stress. A high-fat diet (HFD) can lead to lipid metabolism disorders, excessive production of circulating free fatty acids, and systemic inflammation by aggravating the degree of oxidative stress. Deletion of the retinal G-protein-coupled receptor (RGR-d) has been identified in drusen.

Out-of-plane coordination of iridium single atoms with organic molecules and cobalt-iron hydroxides to boost oxygen evolution reaction.

Advancements in single-atom-based catalysts are crucial for enhancing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance while reducing precious metal usage. A comprehensive understanding of underlying mechanisms will expedite this progress further. Here we report Ir single atoms coordinated out-of-plane with dimethylimidazole (MI) on CoFe hydroxide (Ir/(Co,Fe)-OH/MI).