Because of the lack of translational symmetry, calculating the energy spectrum of an incommensurate system has always been a theoretical challenge. Here, we propose a natural approach to generalize energy band theory to incommensurate systems without reliance on the commensurate approximation, thus providing a comprehensive energy spectrum theory of incommensurate systems. Except for a truncation-dependent weighting factor, the formulae of this theory are formally almost identical to that of Bloch electrons, making it particularly suitable for complex incommensurate structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExisting separation technologies struggle to recover oil and water concurrently from surfactant-stabilized emulsions to achieve the goal of near-zero liquid discharge. We present a Janus channel of membranes (JCM) that features a confined architecture constructed of a pair of hydrophilic and hydrophobic membranes, which allows for concurrent, highly efficient recovery of oil and water from surfactant-stabilized emulsions. The confined Janus channel can amplify the interplay of the membrane pair through a feedback loop that involves enrichment and demulsification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe quality control of Chinese medicinal decoction pieces is one of the key tasks in the traditional Chinese medicine industry. In this study, multi-source information fusion was employed to fuse the data from near-infrared spectroscopy, electronic tongues, and other tests and establish an overall quality consistency evaluation method for Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, which provided methodological support for the overall quality evaluation of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma. The near-infrared spectroscopy information was measured in both static and dynamic states for 23 batches of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma samples from different sources, and the electronic tongue sensory information, moisture content, and leachate content were measured.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGnRH analogues were widely used for controlld ovary stimulation, but their effects on oocyte quality remain contradictory. This study aimed to explore the influence of GnRH analogues on oocyte quality in mice. A total of 120 mice were randomly assigned to four groups:(i)GnRH-a+PMSG group; (ii) GnRH-ant+PMSG group; (iii) PMSG group; (iv) Control group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Some traditional pesticide formulations are inefficient, leading to excessive use and abuse of pesticides, which in turn effects environment. Intelligent release pesticide formulations are ideal for improving pesticide utilization and persistence while reducing environmental pollution.
Results: We designed a benzil-modified chitosan oligosaccharide (CO-BZ) to encapsulate avermectin (Ave).
Developing an efficient drug delivery system to mitigate the harm caused by root-knot nematodes is crucial. In this study, enzyme-responsive release abamectin nanocapsules (AVB1a NCs) were prepared using 4, 4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose as response release factors. The results showed that the average size (D of the AVB1a NCs was 352 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency was 92 %.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRapid urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural intensification have resulted in serious soil problems, such as soil acidification and cadmium pollution, affecting food security and human health. Wheat is the second largest food crop in China and has a strong accumulation capacity for cadmium. Understanding the influencing factors of cadmium content in wheat grain is crucial to realize the safe production of wheat.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is known that neurotrophic factors are a major source of the neuroprotective effects of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs). However, the form of neurotrophic factors that originate from OECs is not fully understood. Our previous study demonstrated that OECs could secrete exosome (OECs-Exo), which provided neuroprotection by switching the phenotype of macrophages/microglia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotoreactive coordination polymers are particularly important media for the implementation of highly-selective photoreactions and creation of photoresponsive intelligent materials and devices. Herein, a two-dimensional (2D) photoreactive coordination polymer, formulated as [Cd(pha)(3,3'-bpe)] (1) was prepared through the hydrothermal reaction between Cd(NO)·4HO, phthalic acid (Hpha) and 1,2-bis(3-pyridyl)ethylene (3,3'-bpe). Upon exposure to 365 nm UV light, the H NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis results indicated that 1 can undergo a [2 + 2] photocycloaddition reaction and thus form a new coordination polymer [Cd(pha)(3,3'-tpcb)] (1a) through single-crystal to single-crystal (SCSC) transformation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
October 2022
Background Context: Low back pain, affecting nearly 40% of adults, mainly results from intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), while the pathogenesis of IVDD is still not fully elucidated. Recently, some researches have revealed that necroptosis, a programmed necrosis, participated in the progression of IVDD, nevertheless, the underlying mechanism remains unclear.
Purpose: To study the mechanism of necroptosis of Nucleus Pulposus (NP) cells in IVDD, focusing on the role of MyD88 signaling.
J Colloid Interface Sci
January 2023
Droplet rebound from hydrophobic leaves is a major factor influencing pesticide utilization. The use of a surfactant is a major strategy to reduce droplet rebound, promoting pesticide deposition on hydrophobic agricultural plant leaves. However, most surfactants known to regulate droplet rebound are either anionic or cationic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolyaspartic acid (PASP), a well-known green scale inhibitor for industrial water treatment, might be decomposed with prolonged duration, and its anti-scaling performance against CaCO and CaSO is diminished at a low concentration (<10 mg L) and a high temperature. With semi-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) tetrasodium salt as the mimicking model, novel phosphorus-free PASP-capped 2-aminoethylamino acid (PASP-EDA) containing side chains bearing multi-functional groups is rationally designed and successfully prepared the ring-opening reaction of cheap poly(succinimide) under mild reaction conditions with the assistance of readily available 2-aminoethyl amino acid. The static scale inhibition method is used to evaluate the scale inhibition performance of the as-synthesized PASP derivative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of the dynamic change in the immunological landscape during malignant transformation from precancerous lesions to cancerous lesions in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is critical for the application of immunotherapy. Here, we performed single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq) of 131,702 cells from 13 cancerous tissues of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 3 samples of precancerous oral leukoplakia, and 8 adjacent normal samples. We found that tumor-infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were functionally inhibited by immunosuppressive ligands expressed on various types of myeloid cells or neutrophils in the process of oral carcinogenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcoustic change complex (ACC) is a cortical auditory-evoked potential induced by a change of continuous sound stimulation. This study aimed to explore: (1) whether the change of horizontal sound location can elicit ACC; (2) the relationship between the change of sound location and the amplitude or latency of ACC; (3) the relationship between the behavioral measure of localization, minimum audible angle (MAA), and ACC. A total of 36 normal-hearing adults participated in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMisplaced or excessive hypochlorous acid in lysosomes has a close association with lots of diseases, so monitoring hypochlorous acid in lysosomes is particularly necessary. In the present work, a novel lysosome-targetable fluorescent probe (Lyso-R-HClO) for hypochlorous acid based on a HClO-mediated cyclization reaction was developed. In the fluorescent probe, the morpholine unit and the site of a HClO-mediated cyclization reaction were, respectively, used as the lysosome-targetable group and the response group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) functions to anchor certain proteins to the cell surface. Although defects in GPI biosynthesis can result in a wide range of phenotypes, most affected patients present with neurological abnormalities and their diseases are grouped as inherited-GPI deficiency disorders. We present two siblings with global developmental delay, brain anomalies, hypotonia, and contractures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonochorionic twins are generally considered to be monozygotic, as monochorionic dizygotic (MCDZ) twins are extremely rare in natural pregnancies. Several studies have reported this rare occurrence, and most of these pregnancies have been conceived by assisted reproductive technology (ART). These reports mostly focused on MCDZ twin pregnancies and the childhood development of the twins; a follow-up into adulthood and the effect on their reproduction has not been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver 100 kinds of proteins are expressed as glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) on the cell surface in mammalian cells. GPI-APs possess unique properties in terms of their intracellular trafficking and association with lipid rafts. Although it is clear that GPI-APs play critical roles in various biological phenomena, it is poorly understood how the GPI moiety contributes to these mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA FLAG tag consisting of DYKDDDDK is an epitope tag that is frequently and widely used to detect recombinant proteins of interest. In this study, we performed a CRISPR-based genetic screening to identify factors involved in the detection of a FLAG-tagged misfolded model protein at the cell surface. In the screening, SLC35B2, which encodes 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate transporter 1, was identified as the candidate gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver 100 glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are encoded in the mammalian genome. It is not well understood how these proteins are targeted and translocated to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, we reveal that many GPI-APs, such as CD59, CD55, and CD109, utilize human SND2 (hSND2)-dependent ER targeting machinery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe protein folding and lipid moiety status of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) are monitored in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), with calnexin playing dual roles in the maturation of GPI-APs. In the present study, we investigated the functions of calnexin in the quality control and lipid remodeling of GPI-APs in the ER. By directly binding the -glycan on proteins, calnexin was observed to efficiently retain GPI-APs in the ER until they were correctly folded.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial dysfunction is considered to be one of the important pathogenesis in Parkinson's disease (PD). We previously showed that pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) could protect SH-SY5Y cells and dopaminergic neurons from cytotoxicity and prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in rotenone-induced PD models. In the present study we investigated the mechanisms underlying the protective effects of PQQ in a mouse PD model, which was established by intraperitoneal injection of rotenone (3 mg·kg·d, ip) for 3 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeat stroke is a symptom of hyperthermia with a temperature of more than 40 °C, which usually leads to all kinds of physical discomfort and even death. It is necessary to study the mechanism of action of heat stroke on cells or organelles (such as cytotoxicity of heat) and the processes of cells or organelles during heat stroke. Recent studies have shown that there is a certain correlation between heat stroke and lysosome acidity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSince the use of protein therapeutics is effective for treating intractable human diseases, the production of biologic therapeutic agents has dramatically increased over the past three decades. The Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines are the most commonly used host cell expression system for recombinant protein production. High productive and stable clonal cell lines for recombinant protein production have been established from the DHFR-deficient CHO cell using the dihydrofolate reductase/methotrexate (DHFR/MTX) selection methods.
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