Chlorogenic Acid/Linoleic Acid-Fortified Wheat-Resistant Starch Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Gut Barrier Damage by Modulating Gut Metabolism.

This study aimed to investigate alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites mediated by wheat-resistant starch and its repair of gut barrier dysfunction induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). Structural data revealed that chlorogenic acid (CA)/linoleic acid (LA) functioned through noncovalent interactions to form a more ordered structure and fortify antidigestibility in wheat starch (WS)-CA/LA complexes; the resistant starch (RS) contents of WS-CA, WS-LA, and WS-CA-LA complexes were 23.40 ± 1.

Phonological properties of logographic words modulate brain activation in bilinguals: a comparative study of Chinese characters and Japanese Kanji.

The brain networks for the first (L1) and second (L2) languages are dynamically formed in the bilingual brain. This study delves into the neural mechanisms associated with logographic-logographic bilingualism, where both languages employ visually complex and conceptually rich logographic scripts. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, we examined the brain activity of Chinese-Japanese bilinguals and Japanese-Chinese bilinguals as they engaged in rhyming tasks with Chinese characters and Japanese Kanji.

Amylose content controls the V-type structural formation and in vitro digestibility of maize starch-resveratrol complexes and their effect on human gut microbiota.

The chain structure of starch affects its interaction with polyphenol molecules which in turn determines the nutritional function of starch. In this study, starch with different amylose content including waxy maize starch (WMS), normal maize starch (NMS) and G50 high-amylose maize starch (G50) were selected to complex with resveratrol (RA) in high-pressure homogenization (HPH) environment, and structural changes of the complexes, together with their effects on in vitro digestibility and gut microbiota were discussed. The results showed that with increasing amylose content, RA could form more inclusion complex with starch through non-covalent bonds accompanied by the increased single helix structure, V-type crystalline structure, compact nano-aggregates and total ordered structure content, which thus endowed the complex lower digestibility and intestinal probiotic function.

Heat-moisture treatment enhances the ordered degree of starch structure in whole chestnut flour and alters its gut microbiota modulation in mice fed with high-fat diet.

Currently, chestnuts attract more attention among consumers due to its rich nutritional functions, but systematic evaluation on the effect of thermal processing on its nutritional value is still limited. In this work, based on results of microstructural properties that heat-moisture treatment (HMT) could enhance the total ordered degree of starch structure in whole chestnut flour (CN) and promote the formation of anti-enzymatic component, in vitro experiment was then conducted and confirmed that HMT could significantly reduce the predicted glycemic index (pGI) of CN from 75.6 to 64.

Understanding the structural contributions to the functional properties of chestnut starch high in resistant starch type-2.

Background: Chestnut has recently attracted attention because of its exceptional functional properties, which are mainly influenced by the structural properties of chestnut starch (CS). In this study, ten varieties of chestnut from the northern, southern, eastern, and western regions of China were selected, and their functional properties, including thermal properties, pasting properties, in vitro digestibility, and multi-scale structural characteristics were characterized. The relationship between structure and functional properties was clarified.

Development of a multifunctional food packaging for meat products by incorporating carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal and beetroot extract into sodium alginate films.

Consumers' pursuit for safe meat products is challenging to develop smart food packaging with proper mechanical properties and multifunctional properties. Therefore, this work attempted to introduce carboxylated cellulose nanocrystal (C-CNC) and beetroot extract (BTE) into sodium alginate (SA) matrix films to enhance their mechanical properties and endow them with antioxidant properties and pH-responsive capacity. The rheological results showed the C-CNC and BTE were consistently dispersed in the SA matrix.

Investigation on the influence of AC electric filed and KCl on the structure and gel properties of Konjac glucomannan.

The influence of alternating current (AC) electric field and KCl on the structure and gel properties of Konjac Glucomannan (KGM) were studied in this work by high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), acid-base titration, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), simultaneous differential scanning calorimetry/thermo gravimetric analyzer (DSC/TGA) and a rheometer. HPGPC showed KGM was degraded by AC electric field and Acid-base titration showed that under the action of AC electric field and KCl KGM removed part of acetyl groups, which were consistent with the analysis of NMR. XRD and temperature sweep measurements respectively showed that the electrotreatment time and KCl concentration had important effects on the gel formation and its three-dimensional network.

Non-invasive precise staging of liver fibrosis using deep residual network model based on plain CT images.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the application of five-class deep residual network models based on plain CT images and clinical features for the precise staging of liver fibrosis.

Methods: This retrospective clinical study included 347 patients who underwent liver CT, with pathological staging of liver fibrosis as the gold standard. We established three ResNet models to stage liver fibrosis.

Changed Cerebral White Matter Structural Network Topological Characters and Its Correlation with Cognitive Behavioral Abnormalities in Narcolepsy Type 1.

Objective: In the current study we investigated topological abnormalities of the cerebral white matter networks in narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) patients and its relationship with their cognitive abnormalities using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technology.

Methods: DTI and the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BJ) were applied to 30 NT1 patients and 30 age-matched healthy controls. DTI studies were also carried using the 3T MRI system.

Multiscale Shellac-Based Delivery Systems: From Macro- to Nanoscale.

Delivery systems play a crucial role in enhancing the activity of active substances; however, they require complex processing techniques and raw material design to achieve the desired properties. In this regard, raw materials that can be easily processed for different delivery systems are garnering attention. Among these raw materials, shellac, which is the only pharmaceutically used resin of animal origin, has been widely used in the development of various delivery systems owing to its pH responsiveness, biocompatibility, and degradability.

Abnormal Brain Network Topology During Non-rapid Eye Movement Sleep and Its Correlation With Cognitive Behavioral Abnormalities in Narcolepsy Type 1.

Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were applied to investigate the abnormalities in the topological characteristics of functional brain networks during non-rapid eye movement(NREM)sleep. And we investigated its relationship with cognitive abnormalities in patients with narcolepsy type 1 (NT1) disorder in the current study. The Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-BJ) and EEG-fMRI were applied in 25 patients with NT1 and 25 age-matched healthy controls.

Novel imaging-based approaches for predicting the hepatic venous pressure gradient in a porcine model of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.

Aims: Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is critical for staging and prognosis prediction of portal hypertension (PH). However, HVPG measurement has limitations (e.g.

Abnormal neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging of white matter in children with primary nocturnal enuresis.

Several lines of evidence indicate that multiple abnormalities of gray matter are related to the pathogenesis of primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE); however, few studies have been conducted with respect to abnormalities in white matter (WM) of children with PNE. The present work investigated the microstructure of WM in children with PNE using a neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) method. NODDI data were obtained from 29 children with PNE (age = 9.

Deep residual nets model for staging liver fibrosis on plain CT images.

Purpose: The early diagnosis of liver fibrosis is crucial for the prevention of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. As gold standard for staging liver fibrosis, liver biopsy is an invasive procedure that carries the risk of serious complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the residual neural network (ResNet), a non-invasive methods, for staging liver fibrosis using plain CT images.

An NIR-II/MR dual modal nanoprobe for liver cancer imaging.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignancy of the liver worldwide and surgical resection remains the most effective treatment. However, it is still a great challenge to locate small lesions and define the border of diffused HCC even with the help of preoperative imaging examination. Here, we reported a rare-earth-doped nanoparticle NaGdF4:Nd 5%@NaGdF4@Lips (named Gd-REs@Lips), which simultaneously performed powerful functions in both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and second near-infrared fluorescence window imaging (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm).

Existing contradictions and suggestions: flipped classroom in radiology courses of musculoskeletal disease under Chinese medical educational mode from medical imaging student perspective.

Background: Flipped classrooms have already begun to be used in many universities aboard, and they now make up for some of the short comings of the traditional classroom. We introduced the concept of flipped classrooms into a radiology class in China and evaluated the students' performance to find out whether it was a better learning method. Furthermore, we have attempted to identify the problems of application of flipped classrooms (as practiced under the Chinese education system) and make suggestions.

The utility of APT and IVIM in the diagnosis and differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: A pilot study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate whether amide proton transfer (APT) imaging, compared with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging-derived parameters, can differentiate squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (SCCC) from the normal cervical stroma and distinguish poorly differentiated SCCC from well-moderately differentiated SCCC.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 32 patients, comprising 20 patients with well-moderately differentiated SCCC and 12 patients with poorly differentiated SCCC. 20 healthy volunteers were enrolled as a control group.

Variation of amide proton transfer signal intensity and apparent diffusion coefficient values among phases of the menstrual cycle in the normal uterus: A preliminary study.

Purpose: To explore changes in the amide proton transfer (APT) signal intensity (SI) among different phases of the menstrual cycle in healthy young women and to determine whether the APT SI correlates with the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).

Materials And Methods: Twenty healthy women of childbearing age received regular pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations and APT scans during the menstrual, proliferative and secretory phases of their menstrual cycle. Then, the APT SI and ADC values of the endometrium, myometrium and junctional zone were measured and analyzed to explore the changes during different phases of the menstrual cycle.

Abnormal Thalamic Functional Connectivity During Light Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep in Children With Primary Nocturnal Enuresis.

Objective: To investigate abnormalities of thalamocortical and intrathalamic functional connectivity (FC) in children with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) during light non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep using a simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG)-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) method.

Method: Polysomnographic and EEG-fMRI data were obtained during sleep from 61 children with PNE (age 10.2 ± 1.

Relationship between topological efficiency in white matter structural networks with cerebral oxygen metabolism in young adults.

The relationship between the topological characteristics of the white matter (WM) network have been shown to be related to neural development, intelligence, and various diseases; however, few studies have been conducted to explore the relationship between topological characteristics of the WM network and cerebral metabolism. In a recent study we investigated the relationship between WM network topological and metabolic metrics of the cerebral parenchyma in healthy volunteers using the newly developed T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging (TRUST) magnetic resonance imaging technique and graph theory approaches. Ninety-six healthy adults (25.

Effects of radiation dose levels and spectral iterative reconstruction levels on the accuracy of iodine quantification and virtual monochromatic CT numbers in dual-layer spectral detector CT: an iodine phantom study.

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the accuracy of iodine quantification and virtual monochromatic CT numbers obtained with the dual-layer spectral CT (DLCT) using a phantom at different radiation dose levels and spectral iterative reconstruction (IR) levels.

Methods: An abdomen phantom with seven iodine inserts (2.0, 2.

Combinative evaluation of primary tumor and lymph nodes in predicting pelvic lymphatic metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer: A multiparametric PET-CT study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of combining tumor and pelvic lymph node (PLN) characteristics on PET-CT in predicting PLN metastasis of patients with early-stage cervical cancer, specifically to further reduce the false-negative cases of diagnosis.

Methods: The [18F] FDG PET-CT imaging data of 394 patients who were newly diagnosed with cervical cancer (FIGO stage, Ia-IIa) were retrospectively studied. We measured size, total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of tumor, metabolic tumor volume (MTV), maximum and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmax, SUVmean) of tumor and lymph node (LN).

MRI-based texture analysis of the primary tumor for pre-treatment prediction of bone metastases in prostate cancer.

Purpose: To identify texture features of multiparametric MRI (mp-MRI) for pre-treatment prediction of bone metastases (BM) in patients with prostate cancer (PCa).

Patients And Methods: One-hundred and seventy-six patients with clinicopathologically confirmed PCa were enrolled，and the data was gathered from January 2008 to January 2018. A total of 976 texture features were extracted from T2-weighted (T2-w) and dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted (DCE T1-w) MRI.

Accurate and rapid screening model for potential diabetes mellitus.

Background: Prediction or early diagnosis of diabetes is crucial for populations with high risk of diabetes.

Methods: In this study, we assessed the ability of five popular classifiers (J48, AdaboostM1, SMO, Bayes Net, and Naïve Bayes) to identify individuals with diabetes based on nine non-invasive and easily obtained clinical features, including age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertension, history of cardiovascular disease or stroke, family history of diabetes, physical activity, work stress, and salty food preference. A total of 4205 data entries were obtained from annual physical examination reports for adults in the Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University during January-April 2017.