Mechanism underlying the effects of exercise against type 2 diabetes: A review on research progress.

Exercise has emerged as one of the important and effective non-drug therapies used for management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in certain nations. The present report summarizes the latest findings from the research on the beneficial effect of exercise on T2D. The objectives were to provide references for the theoretical study and the clinical practice of exercise-based management of T2D, in addition to identify the limitations of the existing literature, thereby provide direction for future research in this field.

Quadrotors' double-loop controller design with tensor product model transformation and partial fully actuated method.

In the existing work of tensor product (TP) model transformation, the TP model transformation-based work on the quadrotor's control system design is scarce, the direct TP model transformation control strategy that applied to the quadrotor fails due to the calculation complexity, infeasibility of the huge amount of linear matrix inequalities, and the complexity of solving the linear matrix inequalities. To solve this problem, a partial TP model transformation-based double loop fuzzy controller has been studied in this work, the double-loop hybrid control scheme combines the fully actuated control method and the TP model transformation, while the fully actuated control method is used to the position subsystem control loop, and the TP model transformation based fuzzy controller is applied to the attitude control of the quadrotor. Moreover, for comparison purpose, a varying-input method based on TP model transformation is extended to the quadrotor's system control.

Determining the effects of genetic linkage when using a combination of STR and SNP loci for kinship testing.

The pedigree likelihood ratio (LR) can be used for determining kinship in the forensic kinship testing. LR can be obtained by analyzing the DNA data of Short tandem repeat (STR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. With the advancement of biotechnology, increasing number of genetic markers have been identified, thereby expanding the pedigree range of kinship testing.

Oral Chinese Herbal Medicine for Depressive Disorder in Patients after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) on post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) patients with depressive disorder in coronary heart disease (CHD).

Methods: A literature search was conducted through databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Databases (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (SinoMed), Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP) and Wanfang Database up to August 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing CHMs with placebo or no additional treatments on the basis of standard conventional pharmacological therapies were included.

Synergistic Viral Replication of Marek's Disease Virus and Avian Leukosis Virus Subgroup J is Responsible for the Enhanced Pathogenicity in the Superinfection of Chickens.

Superinfection of Marek's disease virus (MDV) and avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) causes lethal neoplasia and death in chickens. However, whether there is synergism between the two viruses in viral replication and pathogenicity has remained elusive. In this study, we found that the superinfection of MDV and ALV-J increased the viral replication of the two viruses in RNA and protein level, and synergistically promoted the expression of IL-10, IL-6, and TGF-β in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF).

Crystal structure of methyl ()-4-[2-(8-hy-droxy-quinolin-2-yl)vin-yl]benzoate.

The title compound, CHNO, was synthesized by a Perkin reaction of 2-methyl-8-hy-droxy-quinoline and 4-formyl-2-methyl-benzoate in acetic anhydride under a nitro-gen atmosphere. The mol-ecule has an conformation about the C=C bond, and the quinoline ring system and the benzene ring are inclined to one another by 29.22 (7)°.

Non-destructive and fast identification of cotton-polyester blend fabrics by the portable near-infrared spectrometer.

A series of 376 cotton-polyester (PET) blend fabrics were studied by a portable near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer. A NIR semi-quantitative-qualitative calibration model was established by Partial Least Squares (PLS) method combined with qualitative identification coefficient. In this process, PLS method in a quantitative analysis was used as a correction method, and the qualitative identification coefficient was set by the content of cotton and polyester in blend fabrics.

The establishment and external validation of NIR qualitative analysis model for waste polyester-cotton blend fabrics.

A series of 354 polyester-cotton blend fabrics were studied by the near-infrared spectra (NIRS) technology, and a NIR qualitative analysis model for different spectral characteristics was established by partial least squares (PLS) method combined with qualitative identification coefficient. There were two types of spectrum for dying polyester-cotton blend fabrics: normal spectrum and slash spectrum. The slash spectrum loses its spectral characteristics, which are effected by the samples' dyes, pigments, matting agents and other chemical additives.

2,2'-(Ethane-1,2-di-yl)bis-(1H-benzimidazole).

The complete mol-ecule of the title compound, C(16)H(14)N(4), is generated by crystallographic inversion symmetry. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, generating (001) sheets. Weak aromatic π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distances = 3.

Poly[(μ(2)-4,4'-bipyridine-κN:N')bis-(μ(2)-2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO:O')cobalt(II)].

In the polymeric title compound, [Co(C(9)H(9)O(3))(2)(C(10)H(8)N(2))](n), the Co(II) ion is located on a twofold rotation axis and is six-coordinated by two N atoms from two 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bipy) ligands in axial positions and by four O atoms from four 2-phen-oxy-propionate (POPA) anions in equatorial positions, defining a slightly distorted octa-hedral geometry. The carboxyl-ate group of the POPA anion displays a bis-monodentate mode, linking pairs of Co(II) ions into a chain parallel to [001]. Adjacent chains are connected in a perpendicular manner through 4,4'-bipy ligands into layers parallel to (100).

Bis(μ-2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO:O')bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')bis-(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')samarium(III)].

The dimeric title compound, [Sm(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], is centrosymmetric and is composed of six 2-phen-oxy-propionate anions and two 1,10-phenanthroline ligands. The Sm(III) atom is coordinated by two O atoms from two bridging anions, four O atoms from two chelating anions and the N atoms of the N-heterocycle in a distorted dodeca-hedral geometry.

Tetra-kis(μ(2)-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-κO,O':O';κO:O,O';κO:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')gadolinium(III)].

In the centrosymmetric binuclear title complex, [Gd(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the two Gd(III) ions are linked by four 2-phen-oxy-propionate (L) groups in bi- and tridentate bridging modes. Each Gd(III) ion is nine-coordinated by one 1,10-phenanthroline mol-ecule, one bidentate chelating carboxyl-ate group and four bridging carboxyl-ate groups in a distorted GdN(2)O(7) monocapped square-anti-prismatic geometry.

Tetra-kis(μ(2)-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-κO,O':O';κO:O,O';κO:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')cerium(III)].

In the centrosymmetric binuclear title complex, [Ce(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the two Ce(III) ions are linked by four 2-phen-oxy-propionate groups in bi- and tridentate bridging modes. Each Ce(III) ion is nine-coordinated by one 1,10-phenanthroline mol-ecule, two O atoms from a chelating carboxyl-ate, two O atoms derived from a μ(3)-carboxylate and two O atoms derived from two μ(2)-carboxylate ligands in a distorted CeN(2)O(7) monocapped square-anti-prismatic geometry.

Tetra-kis(μ-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-κO,O':O';κO:O,O',κO:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')praseodymium(III)].

In the centrosymmetric binuclear title complex, [Pr(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the two Pr(III) ions are linked by four 2-phen-oxy-propionate (L) groups through their bi- and tridentate bridging modes. Each Pr(III) ion is nine-coordinated by one 1,10-phenanthroline mol-ecule, one bidentate carboxyl-ate group and four bridging carboxyl-ate groups in a distorted PrN(2)O(7) monocapped square-anti-prismatic geometry. The title compound is isotypic with its terbium- and dysprosium-containing analogues.

Tetra-kis(μ-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-κO,O':O';κO:O,O',κO:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')dysprosium(III)].

In the centrosymmetric binuclear title complex, [Dy(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the two Dy(III) ions are linked by four 2-phen-oxy-propionate (L) groups through their bi- and tridentate bridging modes. Each Dy(III) ion is nine-coordinated by one 1,10-phenanthroline mol-ecule, one bidentate carboxyl-ate group and four bridging carboxyl-ate groups in a distorted DyN(2)O(7) monocapped square-anti-prismatic geometry. The title compound is isotypic with its terbium-containing analogue.

Tetra-kis(μ-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-κO,O':O';κO:O,O';κO:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')terbium(III)].

In the centrosymmetric binuclear title complex, [Tb(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the two Tb(III) ions are linked by four 2-phen-oxy-propionate (L) groups through their bi- and tridentate bridging modes. Each Tb(III) ion is nine-coordinated by one 1,10-phenanthroline mol-ecule, one bidentate carboxyl-ate group and four bridging carboxyl-ate groups in a distorted TbN(2)O(7) monocapped square-anti-prismatic geometry.

Tetra-kis(μ-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-κO,O':O';κO:O,O';κO:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')holmium(III)].

The title compound, [Ho(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], lies about a centre of symmetry and is comprised of six 2-phen-oxy-propionate (POPA) anions and two 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligands. The two Ho(III) ions are linked by four POPA groups utilizing both bi- and tridentate bridging modes to form an inversion-symmetric dimer. Each Ho(III) ion is nine-coordinate, with a chelating 1,10-phenanthroline mol-ecule, one bidentate chelating carboxyl-ate group, two bidentate bridging carboxyl-ate groups and two tridentate bridging carboxyl-ate groups in a distorted mono-capped square anti-prism geometry.

Bis(μ(2)-2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO:O')bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')bis-(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')ytterbium(III)].

In the centrosymmetric binuclear title complex, [Yb(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the two Yb(III) ions are linked by two 2-phen-oxy-propionate (L) groups in a bidentate bridging mode. Each Yb(III) ion is eight-coordinated by two O atoms from two bridging L ligands, four O atoms from two chelating L groups and two N atoms from one chelating phen mol-ecule in a distorted YbN(2)O(6) dodeca-hedral geometry.

Tetra-kis(μ(2)-2-phen-oxy-propionato)-κO,O':O';κO:O,O';κO:O'-bis-[(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')(2-phen-oxy-propionato-κO,O')lanthanum(III)].

In the centrosymmetric binuclear title complex, [La(2)(C(9)H(9)O(3))(6)(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)], the two La(III) ions are linked by four 2-phen-oxy-propionate (L) groups in bi- and tridentate bridging modes. Each La(III) ion is nine-coordinated by one 1,10-phenanthroline mol-ecule, one bidentate chelating carboxyl-ate group and four bridging carboxyl-ate groups in a distorted LaN(2)O(7) monocapped square-anti-prismatic geometry.

Triaqua-bis-{2-meth-oxy-6-[(phenyl-iminium-yl)meth-yl]phenolate-κO}manganese(II) dinitrate.

The crystal structure of the title compound, [Mn(C(14)H(13)NO(2))(2)(H(2)O)(3)](NO(3))(2), is comprised of two Schiff base 2-meth-oxy-6-(N-phenyl-carboximido-yl)phenol (HL) ligands and three coordinated water mol-ecules. The Mn(II) ion lies on a twofold axis that bis-ects one water O atom. The coordination sphere of the five-coordinate Mn atom is completed by the two monodentate HL ligands and three coordinated water mol-ecules binding through their O atoms, affording a distorted tetra-gonal-pyramidal geometry.

catena-Poly[[[bis-(3-hy-droxy-adamantane-1-carboxyl-ato-κO)(3-hy-droxy-adamantane-1-carb-oxy-lic acid-κO)zinc(II)]-μ(2)-4,4'-bipyridine] monohydrate].

In the title coordination polymer, {[Zn(C(11)H(15)O(3))(2)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(C(11)H(16)O(3))]·H(2)O}(n), the Zn(II) ion is five coordinated by two N atoms from two 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bpy) mol-ecules and three O atoms from two 3-hy-droxy-adamantane-1-carboxyl-ate anions (L) and one 3-hy-droxy-adamantane-1-carb-oxy-lic acid (HL) mol-ecule. The resulting coordination polyhedron is a near regular ZnN(2)O(3) trigonal bipyramid, with the N atoms in axial sites. The 4,4'-bpy mol-ecules [dihedral angle between the aromatic rings = 17.

Tris[6-meth-oxy-2-(phenyl-iminiometh-yl)phenolato]-κO,O';κO-tris-(thio-cyanato-κN)samarium(III).

In the crystal structure of title compound, [Sm(NCS)(3)(C(14)H(13)NO(2))(3)], two of the zwitterionic Schiff base 6-meth-oxy-2-(phenyl-iminiometh-yl)phenolate ligands coordinate to the Sm(III) atom in a bidentate fashion via the phenolate and meth-oxy O atoms. The third Schiff base ligand is monodentate, binding only through the phenolate O atom. The coordination sphere of the eight-coordinate Sm atom is completed by the three independent thio-cyanate ions binding through their N atoms, affording a square-anti-prismatic geometry.

Poly[[μ-aqua-bis-(μ-4,4'-bipyridine-κN:N')bis-(μ-3-hy-droxy-adamantane-1-carboxyl-ato-κO:O')bis-(3-hy-droxy-adamantane-1-carboxyl-ato-κO)dicobalt(II)] hepta-hydrate].

The title coordination compound, {[Co(C(11)H(15)O(3))(4)(C(10)H(8)N(2))(2)(H(2)O)]·7H(2)O}(n), consists of a pair of Co(II) atoms, four 3-hy-droxy-adamantane-1-carboxyl-ate anions (L), one water mol-ecule, two bridging 4,4'-bipyridine (4,4'-bpy) ligands and seven uncoordinated water mol-ecules. Both of the Co(II) ions are coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral geometry. Four L ligands bind to each pair of Co(II) atoms in a plane, two of which bridge the two Co(II) atoms as bidentate groups while the other two coordinate to a single Co(II) atom in a monodentate mode.

2-Phenyl-1,3-selenazole-4-carb-oxy-lic acid.

In the title compound, C(10)H(7)NO(2)Se, the two rings are twisted, making a dihedral angle of 12.42 (9)°. In the crystal, pairs of mol-ecules are disposed about an inversion center, generating O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded dimers.

Bis[2-meth-oxy-6-(phenyl-iminiomethyl)phenolate-κO,O']bis-(thio-cyanato-κN)manganese(II).

The Mn(II) atom in the title complex, [Mn(NCS)(2)(C(14)H(13)NO(2))(2)], lies on a center of inversion in a MnO(4)N(2) octa-hedral geometry. The Schiff base is present in its zwitterionic form and is O,O'-chelated to the metal atom. The imino N atom is protonated and is involved in an intra-molecular hydrogen bond with the phenolate O atom.