Modelling the impact and cost-effectiveness of upcoming Zika virus vaccines on congenital Zika syndrome.

Background: Zika virus (ZIKV) continues to circulate in Southeast Asia following the 2015-2016 global epidemic, posing an ongoing risk of importation and disease spread for Singapore, a tropical city-state in the region. The virus remains a threat to pregnant women and their fetuses due to the risk of Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). Vaccines currently in development offer hope for reducing ZIKV infections and CZS cases.

Antibiofilm and Antiquorum Sensing Potential of Pheretima posthum.

Antibiotic resistance is a world wide problem mainly in developing countries. In this work, coelomic fluid (PCF) and paste (PBP) of Pheretima posthuma was assessed for its potential as antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing (QS) agent against pathogenic bacterial biofilms. PCF and PBP were extracted and biofilm formation time kinetics was examined using crystal violet staining method by utilizing four bacterial isolates in bispecies biofilm (06 combinations; MH5-MH10) and multi species biofilms (05 combinations; MH11-MH15).

Global, regional and national disease burden of food-borne trematodiases: projections to 2030 based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Food-borne trematodiases (FBTs), mainly encompassing clonorchiasis, fascioliasis, fasciolopsiasis, opisthorchiasis, and paragonimiasis, is a neglected public health problem, particularly in the WHO South-East Asia and the Western Pacific regions. This study evaluates the global, regional, and national disease burden of FBTs from 1990 to 2021 and projects trends to 2030, underscore the need for targeted prevention and control.

Methods: Using the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database, the crude and the age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) and age-standardized prevalence disability-adjusted life years rate (ASDR) of FBTs at the global, regional and national level from 1990 to 2021 were described.

Exploring In Vitro Antibiofilm Potential and In Vivo Toxicity Assessment of Gold Nanoparticles.

In this study, biogenically synthesized AuNPs were first characterized via UV visible spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and FTIR followed by toxicity evaluation using mice model. UV-visible spectroscopy of biogenic AuNPs showed peaks at 540-549 nm, while FTIR spectrum showed various functional groups involving O-H, Amide I, Amide II, O-H, C-H groups, and so on. SEM showed the size variation from 30 to 60 nm.

Optimized strategy for schistosomiasis elimination: results from marginal benefit modeling.

Background: Poverty contributes to the transmission of schistosomiasis via multiple pathways, with the insufficiency of appropriate interventions being a crucial factor. The aim of this article is to provide more economical and feasible intervention measures for endemic areas with varying levels of poverty.

Methods: We collected and analyzed the prevalence patterns along with the cost of control measures in 11 counties over the last 20 years in China.

[Change in Granulation Potential and Microbial Enrichment Characteristics of Sludge Induced by Microplastics].

Microplastics (MPs), as a new type of pollutant, are widely detected in sewage treatment plants. Currently, research on MPs in traditional sewage treatment systems has mainly been focused on the pollution level and distribution characteristics, with a lack of studying the impact of MPs on the sludge granulation. In order to explore the effect of MPs on the granulation process, a microplastic exposure test was conducted by adding polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs), which are widespread in the environment.

Leveraging mathematical models of disease dynamics and machine learning to improve development of novel malaria interventions.

Background: Substantial research is underway to develop next-generation interventions that address current malaria control challenges. As there is limited testing in their early development, it is difficult to predefine intervention properties such as efficacy that achieve target health goals, and therefore challenging to prioritize selection of novel candidate interventions. Here, we present a quantitative approach to guide intervention development using mathematical models of malaria dynamics coupled with machine learning.

The empirical support for the radical cure strategy for eliminating Plasmodium vivax in China.

Background: With the recent certification by World Health Organization that the People's Republic of China is malaria-free, it is timely to consider how elimination of malaria was completed in People's Republic of China over the last 7 decades. Of the four widespread species of human malaria, Plasmodium vivax was the last to be eliminated by the national program of China. Understanding the incubation periods and relapses patterns of P.

Experience in application of modified sling in treatment of Moderate Stress Urinary Incontinence.

Objective: To observe the clinical significance of modified sling in the treatment of moderate stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Methods: From January 2016 to January 2019, eighty patients with moderate urinary incontinence who were hospitalized in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups. 40 patients in the experimental group underwent modified sling transvaginal tension-free mid-urethral suspension.

From Plasmodium vivax outbreak to elimination: lessons learnt from a retrospective analysis of data from Guantang.

Background: Malaria was once a serious public health problem in China, with Plasmodium vivax the major species responsible for more than 90% of local transmission. Following significant integrated malaria control and elimination programmes, malaria burden declined, and since 2017 China has not recorded any indigenous case. To understand the historical malaria transmission patterns and epidemic characteristics in China and insights useful to guide P.

Risk estimation and prediction of the transmission of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in the mainland of China excluding Hubei province.

Background: In December 2019, an outbreak of coronavirus disease (later named as COVID-19) was identified in Wuhan, China and, later on, detected in other parts of China. Our aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of the evolution of interventions and self-protection measures, estimate the risk of partial lifting control measures and predict the epidemic trend of the virus in the mainland of China excluding Hubei province based on the published data and a novel mathematical model.

Methods: A novel COVID-19 transmission dynamic model incorporating the intervention measures implemented in China is proposed.

[Vegetation and soil characteristics of degraded alpine meadows on the Qinghai-Tibet Pla-teau, China: A review].

Alpine meadows account for 46.7% of grassland area on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which is an important part of grasslands in China. Under the effects of climate change and human activities in recent years, alpine meadow has been degraded seriously.

[Finite element analysis of anterior ring injuries in unstable pelvic fractures treated by different methods].

Objective: To compare the biomechanical stability of different fixation methods for anterior ring injury of unstable pelvic fractures, and to provide reference for clinical treatment.

Methods: An unstable pelvic fracture model (Tile C) with one side of the sacroiliac joint dislocation and the pubic rami fracture was constructed via three-dimensional finite element analysis. Five different fixation methods were used in the front, and the rear was fixed with sacroiliac screws.

[Treating intractable lateral epicondylitis by extracurricular arthroscopic operation based on pressure point].

Objective: To evaluate clinical efficaly of intractable lateral epicondylitis by extracurricular arthroscopic operation based on pressure point.

Methods: From October 2015 to September 2017, 19 patients with intractable lateral epicondylitis were treated with extraarticylar arthroscopic operation based in pressure point. Among patients, including 7 males and 12 females, aged from 33 to 62 years old with an average of(43.

Potential Impact of Climate Change on Schistosomiasis: A Global Assessment Attempt.

Based on an ensemble of global circulation models (GCMs), four representative concentration pathways (RCPs) and several ongoing and planned Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects (CMIPs), the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts that global, average temperatures will increase by at least 1.5 °C in the near future and more by the end of the century if greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions are not genuinely tempered. While the RCPs are indicative of various amounts of GHGs in the atmosphere the CMIPs are designed to improve the workings of the GCMs.

Estimation of disability weight for paragonimiasis: a systematic analysis.

Background: Paragonimiasis, caused by helminths of the genus Paragonimus spp., is a neglected tropical disease. Human suffering from paragonimiasis is often misunderstood and its quantification by the disability weight of the disability-adjusted life years largely varies in different global burden of disease (GBD) estimates.

[Treatment of obstinate tennis elbow by debridement and repair under elbow arthroscopy combined with small incision].

Objective: To evaluate the effectivity and the improvement of elbow arthroscopic techniques of treating obstinate tennis elbow using debridement and repair under elbow arthroscopy combined with small incision.

Methods: From March 2014 to February 2017, 36 patients(total 36 elbows) with obstinate tennis elbow were treated consecutively using debridement and repair under elbow arthroscopy combined with small incision open, the two methods alternate. In key process, the first 18 cases [group A including 8 males and 12 females with an average age of (43.

Identifying key bird species and geographical hotspots of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China.

Background: In China since the first human infection of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus was identified in 2013, it has caused serious public health concerns due to its wide spread and high mortality rate. Evidence shows that bird migration plays an essential role in global spread of avian influenza viruses. Accordingly, in this paper, we aim to identify key bird species and geographical hotspots that are relevant to the transmission of avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in China.

Simultaneous nutrient removal and biomass/lipid production by Chlorella sp. in seafood processing wastewater.

Microalgae cultivation in wastewater has received increasing attention in recent years due to its many advantages. In this work, microalgae were cultured in seafood processing wastewater (SPW) for algal biomass and lipid production as well as nutrient removal. The biomass yield of Chlorella sp.

[A review of spatial epidemiology with malaria surveillance and control in China].

The monitoring and control of malaria depends largely on the spatial analysis technology and mathematical models. Visualization of malaria situation is the most popular way to present how malaria transmits. In this paper, the malaria epidemic situation and the application of spatial epidemiology of malaria in China are summarized, so as to provide the systematic epidemiological information for malaria elimination in China.

[Anatomical study on the reconstruction of the metacarpal bone with autogenous iliac crest grafting].

Objective: To explore the similarity between the iliac crest and the metacarpal bone, so as to provide an anatomical basis for the reconstruction of the metacarpal bone of the hand with the iliac crest grafting.

Methods: There are 16 upper limb specimens and 10 pelvic specimens. The morphological features of the second, third, fourth and 5th metacarpal bones and iliac crest were observed.