Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase 65 Antibody-associated Epilepsy and Diplopia: Two Case Reports with Literature Review.

Glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibody-associated epilepsy and diplopia are relatively rare. This article retrospectively analyzed the disease development, diagnosis and treatment process of two cases of GAD65-associated epilepsy with diplopia. Both patients initially exhibited seizures, followed by the onset of diplopia and nystagmus.

Frog tongue-inspired wettable microfibers for particles capture.

Fibers have been of great significance in our daily lives, especially in the industrial production of masks. Research in this area has been focused on developing microfibers with superior functions to enhance the filtration performances of the masks. Herein, inspired by the frog's predation mechanism using its tongues to swiftly grab flying insects, we propose novel porous wettable microfibers from microfluidics to efficiently capture particles in the air for filtration.

Effect of sodium alginate and egg white protein combinations on the functional properties and structures of chicken myofibrillar protein.

This research explored the influence of varying sodium alginate (SA) and egg white protein (EWP) ratios (1:2, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 2:1, v/v) on the structural and gel characteristics of chicken myofibrillar protein (MP) gels. The findings showed that containing SA and EWP significantly improved (P < 0.05) the water-holding capacity (up to 95.

Mapping surface soil organic carbon density of cultivated land using machine learning in Zhengzhou.

Research on soil organic carbon (SOC) is crucial for improving soil carbon sinks and achieving the "double-carbon" goal. This study introduces ten auxiliary variables based on the data from a 2021 land quality survey in Zhengzhou and a multi-objective regional geochemical survey. It uses geostatistical ordinary kriging (OK) interpolation, as well as classical machine learning (ML) models, including random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM), to map soil organic carbon density (SOCD) in the topsoil layer (0 - 20 cm) of cultivated land.

Characterizing strong-field tunneling ionization with a phase-dependent THz polarization spectrum.

The terahertz radiation emitted by asymmetrically ionized wavepackets in two-color strong-field tunneling ionization is essential for detecting the system's associated electron dynamics and structural properties. We propose to characterize and control tunneling ionization using a phase-dependent terahertz polarization (PTP) spectrum, analyzed through a combination of the classical trajectory Monte Carlo method, an analytical model based on the virial theorem, and the rigorous solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation as a benchmark. Our results demonstrate that the PTP spectrum offers a high-precision measure of the Coulomb effect through the relative phase of the two-color laser.

Priorities in tackling noncommunicable diseases among the population aged 60 years and older in China, 1990-2021: A population-based study.

Objective: In China, it is expected that every one in three people will be aged 60 years and above in 2040, surpassing other low- and middle-income countries. The noncommunicable disease (NCD) burden and trends among elderly people must be clarified.

Methods: In this trend analysis based on the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021, we reported NCDs per 100,000 people and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), mortality, and incidence at three levels of the GBD 2021 hierarchy by age subgroups and by sex in the older population aged 60 years and above in China during 1990-2021.

Frequency and Genetic Analysis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2, Which Circulated between 2014 and 2021 in Jiangsu, China.

Porcine circovirus-associated diseases, caused by porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), are widespread and result in significant economic losses to the global swine industry. PCV2 can currently be divided into nine genotypes (PCV2a to PCV2i), with the currently dominant one being the PCV2d genotype. In this study, 2675 samples from 804 pig farms in 13 cities in Jiangsu Province, China, were collected between 2014 and 2021 and subjected to polymerase chain reaction analysis to investigate the frequency and genetic diversity of PCV2.

The S2 Pocket Governs the Genus-Specific Substrate Selectivity of Coronavirus 3C-Like Protease.

Coronavirus 3C-like protease (CoV 3CL) is essential for viral replication, providing an attractive target for monitoring the evolution of CoV and developing anti-CoV drugs. Here, the substrate-binding modes of 3CLs from four CoV genera are analyzed and found that the S2 pocket in 3CL is highly conserved within each genus but differs between genera. Functionally, the S2 pocket, in conjunction with S4 and S1' pockets, governs the genus-specific substrate selectivity of 3CL.

Super-resolution reconstruction improves multishell diffusion: using radiomics to predict adult-type diffuse glioma IDH and grade.

Objectives: Multishell diffusion scanning is limited by low spatial resolution. We sought to improve the resolution of multishell diffusion images through deep learning-based super-resolution reconstruction (SR) and subsequently develop and validate a prediction model for adult-type diffuse glioma, isocitrate dehydrogenase status and grade 2/3 tumors.

Materials And Methods: A simple diffusion model (DTI) and three advanced diffusion models (DKI, MAP, and NODDI) were constructed based on multishell diffusion scanning.

Pancreatic islet cells in microfluidic-spun hydrogel microfibers for the treatment of diabetes.

Islet transplantation has been developed as an effective cell therapy strategy to treat the progressive life-threatening disease Type 1 diabetes (T1DM). To mimic the natural islets and achieve immune isolation, hydrogel encapsulation of multiple islet cell types is the current endeavor. Here, we present a microfiber loading with pancreatic α and β cells by microfluidic spinning for diabetes treatment.

Developing conductive hydrogels for biomedical applications.

Conductive hydrogels have attracted copious attention owing to their grateful performances, such as similarity to biological tissues, compliance, conductivity and biocompatibility. A diversity of conductive hydrogels have been developed and showed versatile potentials in biomedical applications. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in conductive hydrogels, involving the various types and functionalities of conductive hydrogels as well as their applications in biomedical fields.

Identification of whole-cell dsRNA-binding proteins by phase separation.

Interactions between double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and proteins play an important role in cellular homeostasis by regulating the editing, stability, and splicing of intracellular RNA. The identification of dsRNA-binding proteins (dsRBPs) is key; however, it has long been challenging to purify dsRBPs from cells. In this study, we developed a novel method, dsRBPC (dsRNA-binding protein capture), to purify cellular dsRBPs based on classic phase separation purification procedures.

A cortical surface template for human neuroscience.

Neuroimaging data analysis relies on normalization to standard anatomical templates to resolve macroanatomical differences across brains. Existing human cortical surface templates sample locations unevenly because of distortions introduced by inflation of the folded cortex into a standard shape. Here we present the onavg template, which affords uniform sampling of the cortex.

Shared sanitation in informal settlements: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence, preferences, and quality.

Shared sanitation facilities are not considered a type of basic sanitation by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP), though they may be the only alternative to open defecation in urban informal settlements. Additionally, JMP indicators for sanitation do not cover aspects related to the quality of shared sanitation, such as those outlined in the Human Right to Water and Sanitation (HRTWS) framework. Data on the prevalence of shared sanitation within informal settlement areas is limited, and there is a need to understand user preferences, experiences, and barriers to the use of shared sanitation to inform effective policy and practice.

Effects of brief mindfulness meditation training on attention and dispositional mindfulness in young adult males.

This study examined the impact of brief mindfulness meditation (BMM) training on attention function and dispositional mindfulness in young males. 126 male participants aged 18-26 from the security industry were recruited, with 66 participants (M = 22.84, SD = 2.

Deep profiling of potential substrate atlas of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus 3C-like protease.

Coronavirus (CoV) 3C-like protease (3CL) is essential for viral replication and is involved in immune escape by proteolyzing host proteins. Deep profiling the 3CL substrates in the host proteome extends our understanding of viral pathogenesis and facilitates antiviral drug discovery. Here, 3CL from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), an enteropathogenic CoV, was used as a model which to identify the potential 3CL cleavage motifs in all porcine proteins.

Vascular Endothelial Cell-Derived Exosomal Sphingosylphosphorylcholine Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury through NR4A2-Mediated Mitophagy.

Cardiomyocyte survival is a critical contributing process of host adaptive responses to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cells of the cardiovascular endothelium have recently been reported to promote cardiomyocyte survival through exosome-loading cargos. Sphingosylphosphorylcholine (SPC), an intermediate metabolite of sphingolipids, mediates protection against myocardial infarction (MI).

Coinfection and nonrandom recombination drive the evolution of swine enteric coronaviruses.

Coinfection with multiple viruses is a common phenomenon in clinical settings and is a crucial driver of viral evolution. Although numerous studies have demonstrated viral recombination arising from coinfections of different strains of a specific species, the role of coinfections of different species or genera during viral evolution is rarely investigated. Here, we analyzed coinfections of and recombination events between four different swine enteric coronaviruses that infect the jejunum and ileum in pigs, including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), and swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), and a deltacoronavirus, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV).

A DEA game cross-efficiency based improved method for measuring urban carbon emission efficiency in China.

An accurate evaluation of carbon emission efficiency (CEE) at the city level can provide guidelines for understanding low carbon performance, which is crucial to achieving dual carbon targets. Existing CEE studies focused on national, industrial, and provincial scales while neglecting the city level and failing to consider competing relationships among decision-making units in their measurement models. To fill these gaps, this paper introduces the data envelopment analysis game cross-efficiency model (DEA-GCE) to measure urban CEE performance and compares it with the traditional Super-SBM model using the data from 283 Chinese cities between 2006 and 2019.

Is intergenerational care associated with depression in older adults?

Background: It has become an alarming issue that older adults in China are facing mental health issues, causing severe depression. In this context, intergenerational care, in which grandparents care for young children instead of the young parents, is gaining importance. This study aims to explore the correlation between intergenerational care and depression among older adults, seeking alternative approaches to enhancing their quality of life.

A Diffusive Artificial Synapse Based on Charged Metal Nanoparticles.

We show that a diffusive memristor with analogue switching characteristics can be achieved in a layer of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with charged self-assembled monolayers (deprotonated 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid). The nanoparticle core and the anchored stationary charges are jammed within the layer while the mobile counterions [N(CH)] can respond to the electric field and spontaneously diffuse back to the initial positions upon removal of the field. This metal nanoparticle device is set-step free, energy consumption efficient, mechanically flexible, and analogous to bio-Ca dynamics and has tunable conductance modulation capabilities at the counterion concentrations.