Mechanisms of Mitochondria-Mediated Apoptosis During Infection.

Coccidiosis in chickens is a parasitic disease caused by species, resulting in significant economic losses to the poultry industry. Among these species, is considered the most virulent pathogen, with its infection strongly associated with the apoptotic response of host cells. modulates host cell apoptosis in a stage-specific manner, suppressing apoptosis in the early phase to promote its intracellular development and triggering apoptosis in later stages to facilitate parasite egress and disease progression.

The Impact of Trust on Chinese Consumers' Acceptance of Meat Substitutes: The Mediating Role of Perceived Benefits and Perceived Risks, and the Moderating Role of Consumer Knowledge.

In recent years, meat substitutes have become a prominent global topic in academic research. As one of the world's most populous countries, China may increasingly consider meat substitutes as a new dietary option to meet the growing consumer demand. The potential acceptance of meat substitutes by consumers is a critical foundation for the industry's development, as it directly influences it's success.

Antibiofilm Activity of Essential Oil on and Its Application in Pork Preservation.

() can contaminate food by forming biofilms, leading to significant food safety concerns. essential oil (AEO) has been shown to be an effective plant-derived antibacterial agent. This study investigated the antibiofilm activity of AEO and evaluated its potential benefit in pork preservation.

Effect of Food Matrix on Regulation of Intestinal Barrier and Microbiota Homeostasis by Polysaccharides Sulfated Carrageenan.

Carrageenan (CGN) has side effects on the intestinal barrier. Damage to the intestinal barrier is associated with exposure to sulfate groups. Food matrix has significant influence on the exposure quantity of sulfate groups and conformation in κ-CGN, but the corresponding side effects are not reported specifically.

Combining Sensory Analysis and Flavoromics to Determine How the Maillard Reaction Affects the Flavors of Golden Pomfret Hydrolysates.

Enzymatic hydrolysis can enhance the flavor of aquatic products. Nevertheless, the strong fishy odor restricts its utilization in culinary applications. This study is centered on enhancing the flavor of golden pomfret samples by promoting the Maillard reaction (MR) between golden pomfret hydrolysate (GHES) and reducing sugars.

The Role of tRNA-Derived Small RNAs (tsRNAs) in Regulating Cell Death of Cardiovascular Diseases.

Transfer RNA is a class of non-coding RNA that plays a role in amino acid translocation during protein synthesis. After specific modification, the cleaved fragment is called tRNA-derived small RNA. The advancement of bioinformatics technology has led to an increase in the visibility of small RNA derived from tRNA, and their functions in biological processes are being revealed.

Decrease in Escherichia-Shigella in the gut microbiota of ESKD patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Background: Gut dysbiosis is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, differences in the composition and function of gut microbiota in hemodialysis patients are not consistently concluded.

Methods: A total of 20 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) treatment at the Blood Purification Center of Bethune International Peace Hospital from March 2021 to December 2022 were included based on the inclusion criteria.

Distribution characteristics of top SOC in different forest types of Genhe in the Greater Khingan Range of Inner Mongolia.

Soil serves as the largest active carbon reservoir in terrestrial ecosystems, playing a pivotal role in carbon sequestration. The study area is situated in Genhe City, on the western slope of the northern segment of the Greater Khingan Range in Inner Mongolia. We utilized a TOC/TN analyzer to measure the soil organic carbon (SOC) content and applied data analysis methods, including the coefficient of variation and the semivariogram function model, to examine the spatial distribution characteristics of SOC content in the surface layer.

Fatigue-resistant and super-tough thermocells.

Wearable thermocells offer a sustainable energy solution for wearable electronics but are hindered by poor fatigue resistance, low fracture energy, and thermal inefficiencies. In this study, we present a high-strength, fatigue-resistant thermocell with enhanced thermoelectric performance through solvent exchange-assisted annealing and chaotropic effect-enhanced thermoelectric properties. The mechanical strength and toughness are improved by forming macromolecular crystal domains and entangling polymer chains.

Formation of the Diketopiperazine Moiety by a Distinct Condensation-Like Domain in Hangtaimycin Biosynthesis.

Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are key enzymes in pharmaceutical synthesis, with condensation (C) domains catalyzing amide bond formation between aminoacyl substrates. However, recent research has elucidated that the catalytic capabilities of C domains extend beyond the traditional formation of peptide bonds. In this study, we elucidate the cyclization mechanism of the NRPS-derived natural products hangtaimycin (HTM), characterized by the formation of a 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) moiety which involves an intramolecular vinylamide-mediated nucleophilic attack instead of an N-terminal amino group.

An Optimization Generator of Synthetic DNA Fragments for the Rational Design of Environmental Tracers.

Chemically synthesized DNA fragments are increasingly recognized as highly valuable tracers for investigating environmental pollution due to their inherent high specificity, sequence diversity, environmental friendliness, stable migration, and high detection sensitivity, outperforming traditional ion and dye tracers. Despite their advantages, a systematic approach for generating suitable DNA sequences, which is a critical requirement for preparing DNA tracers, remains not fully developed. This study introduces an optimization generator of synthetic DNA sequences guided by seven principles, which enables the concurrent generation of multiple sequences with enhanced stability, specificity, and detectability.

Impact of fish consumption on disability progression in multiple sclerosis.

Background: Emerging evidence indicates that diet, including fish consumption, may play a role in the development and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to investigate the influence of fish consumption on disability progression in MS.

Methods: Incident cases from the population-based case-control study Epidemiological Investigation of MS (n=2719), with data on fish intake and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) outcomes, were categorised by fish consumption and followed up to 15 years post-diagnosis through the Swedish MS registry.

[Structural equation analysis and modeling of fect and ankles WMSDs and its adverse ergonomic factors].

To explore the structural equation model to explore the levels of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and various risk factors in the feet and ankle of China's occupational population, providing scientific basis for for preventing WMSDs in feet and ankles. Data of 73497 national occupational epidemiological cases were selected from June 2018 to December 2023 used the Chinese version of the Electronic Questionnaire on Musculoskeletal Disorders. The adverse ergonomic factors and their source classification standard and confirmatory factor analysis were used to investigate foot and ankle WMSDs and their related risk factors (including individual factors, work organization, work posture, work type, fatigue, etc.

Thrombus iodine-based perviousness is associated with recanalisation and functional outcomes in endovascular thrombectomy.

Background: Dual-energy CT (DECT) provides several novel methods to assess thrombus perviousness. We aimed to evaluate whether the novel thrombus perviousness measured with DECT is associated with improved recanalisation and better functional outcomes in acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) patients with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Methods: 108 AIS patients with middle cerebral artery occlusion who underwent DECT angiography on admission and received EVT treatment between April 2020 and September 2023 were retrospectively analysed.

Protective effects of melatonin on stroke in diabetic mice: central and peripheral inflammation modulation.

Background: Melatonin protects against ischaemic stroke in diabetic animal models, though the mechanisms involving brain and peripheral immune responses remain underexplored. We aimed to clarify how melatonin interacts with these immune responses to protect against stroke in diabetic mice.

Methods: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) was induced in mice using streptozotocin.

Forensic age estimation using Vieth classification in adolescents of northern China based on the knee MRI.

To investigate the applicability of the Vieth classification and characteristics of ossification age in knee joint in adolescents of northern China. A retrospective study was conducted on a total of 1517 MRI images of knee joints from patients aged 10 to 20 years in the northern China. Vieth classification was used to assess the ossification age of distal femur and proximal tibia.

Rademikibart Treatment for Moderate-to-Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma: A Phase 2B Randomized Trial.

Rationale: Rademikibart (formerly CBP-201) is an IL-4Rα-targeting antibody.

Objectives: To evaluate rademikibart in adults with moderate-to-severe, persistent, uncontrolled asthma.

Methods: In this global phase 2b trial (NCT04773678), 322 patients were randomized 1:1:1 to two rademikibart groups (150 mg or 300 mg every other week, following a 600 mg loading dose) or placebo, administered subcutaneously, for 24 weeks.

In-Sensor Computing with Visual-Tactile Perception Enabled by Mechano-Optical Artificial Synapse.

In-sensor computing paradigm holds the promise of realizing rapid and low-power signal processing. Constructing crossmodal in-sensor computing systems to emulate human sensory and recognition capabilities has been a persistent pursuit for developing humanoid robotics. Here, an artificial mechano-optical synapse is reported to implement in-sensor dynamic computing with visual-tactile perception.

Investigation of the Earliest Ozone Pollution Events in Hangzhou Bay, China Based on Observations and ERA5 Reanalysis Data.

Ozone pollution in Hangzhou Bay, one of the seven petrochemical clusters in China, is severe. Early ozone pollution has been detected recently, such as the maximum daily 8 h average (MDA8) ozone concentration in Jiaxing achieving 171.0 μg/m on 7 March 2023.

Identification and Characterization of Two Se6OMTs from Offer Novel Insights into the Biosynthetic Pathway of Cepharanthine.

Background/objectives: is a plant from the Menispermaceae family. Its root is an important traditional folk medicine, which is called Diburong in China. Diburong is rich in benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), including cepharanthine, which has been demonstrated to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antineoplastic, and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activities, as well as raising leukocytes.

SERS-Active Micro/Nanomachines for Biosensing.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has emerged as a powerful noninvasive analytical technique with widespread applications in biochemical analysis and biomedical diagnostics. The need for highly sensitive, reproducible, and efficient detection of biomolecules in complex biological environments has driven significant advancements in SERS-based biosensing platforms. In this context, micro/nanomachines (MNMs) have garnered attention as versatile SERS-active substrates due to their unique structural and motional characteristics at the micro- and nanoscale.

Both Jasmonic Acid- and Abscisic Acid-Mediated Signalling Pathways Regulate the Ovicidal Defence of Plants Against Phloem-Feeding Insects.

Plants perceive signals associated with herbivore eggs and in response initiate ovicidal defence. However, which phytohormone pathways regulate this defence and which defensive compounds dominate it remains largely unknown. Here, we found that the hatching rate of eggs of white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera was significantly lower on a japonica rice variety P81 than an indica rice variety NB44.

Interactions between N, P in the overlying water and flooding-induced decomposition of in the water-level fluctuation zone.

During flooding in the Water Level Fluctuation Zone (WLFZ), nutrient levels of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the overlying water fluctuate due to soil nutrient release, impacting the decomposition of plants like . However, limited research on the effects of these nutrient changes on plant nutrient release and water dynamics complicates accurate assessments of water quality impacts. This study used 8 water samples with varying initial nutrient levels to simulate N and P changes induced by WLFZ soil nutrients and examined the decomposition and nutrient dynamics of .

Differentiation of high risk prostate cancer with a facile urinary exosome detection workflow.

Clear differentiation of high-grade and clinically insignificant prostate cancer (PCa) is critical for clinical decision-making. Here, we developed a proprietary urinary exosome isolation approach (EVLatch) and established a facile diagnostic workflow. We discovered that levels, abundantly expressed on urinary exosomes, positively correlate to urinary exosome counts irrespective of source and collection time and demonstrated that enables in-assay quantification of urinary exosomes.